Sodium sulfate
Identification
- Summary
Sodium sulfate is an agent used for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy or barium enema X-ray examination.
- Brand Names
- Bi-peglyte, Colyte, Gavilyte-C, Gavilyte-G, Golytely, Moviprep, Peglyte, Plenvu, Suprep Bowel Prep Kit
- Generic Name
- Sodium sulfate
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB09472
- Background
Sodium Sulfate Anhydrous is the anhydrous, sodium salt form of sulfuric acid. Sodium sulfate anhydrous disassociates in water to provide sodium ions and sulfate ions. Sodium ion is the principal cation of the extracellular fluid and plays a large part in the therapy of fluid and electrolyte disturbances. Sodium sulfate anhydrous is an electrolyte replenisher and is used in isosmotic solutions so that administration does not disturb normal electrolyte balance and does not lead to absorption or excretion of water and ions.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Vet approved
- Structure
Structure for Sodium sulfate (DB09472)
- Weight
- Average: 142.042
Monoisotopic: 141.931268528 - Chemical Formula
- Na2O4S
- Synonyms
- Anhydrous sodium sulfate
- Sodium sulfate anhydrous
- Sodium sulfate, anhydrous
- Sodium sulphate anhydrous
- Sodium sulphate, anhydrous
- Sulfuric acid disodium salt, anhydrous
Pharmacology
- Indication
indicated for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy or barium enema X-ray examination.
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- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Avoid life-threatening adverse drug eventsImprove clinical decision support with information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events & improve clinical decision support.- Pharmacodynamics
Induces catharsis by the osmotic effects of the unabsorbed sulfate salts and polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the GI tract. Specifically, sulfate salts provide sulfate anions, which are poorly absorbed, and PEG, which is primarily unabsorbed, causes water to be retained in the GI tract resulting in watery diarrhea.
- Mechanism of action
MoviPrep produces a watery stool leading to cleansing of the colon. The osmotic activity of polyethylene glycol 3350, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium ascorbate, and ascorbic acid, when taken with 1 liter of additional clear fluid, usually results in no net absorption or excretion of ions or water.
Target Actions Organism ACarbonic anhydrase 2 inhibitorHumans ACarbonic anhydrase 1 inhibitorHumans - Absorption
Absorption of sodium sulfate after ingestion in rats was investigated. 35)S-Radioactivity excreted in urine during 24 hr indicated almost complete absorption from GI tract. Determination in serum 2 hr after admin revealed 3-fold increase in sulfate concentration rapid and almost complete absorption of inorganic sulfate occurs after oral admin in rats.
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Rectal effluent if unabsorbed sulfates ; urine (predominant route for absorbed sulfates )
- Half-life
Serum sulfate: 8.5 hours
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates.Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Mouse LD50 (Oral): 5989mg/kg Mouse LDLo (Intravenous): 1220mg/kg Rabbit LD50 (Intravenous):1220mg/kg
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Abacavir may decrease the excretion rate of Sodium sulfate which could result in a higher serum level. Aceclofenac Aceclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Sodium sulfate which could result in a higher serum level. Acemetacin Acemetacin may decrease the excretion rate of Sodium sulfate which could result in a higher serum level. Acetaminophen Acetaminophen may decrease the excretion rate of Sodium sulfate which could result in a higher serum level. Acetazolamide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Acetazolamide is combined with Sodium sulfate. Acetylsalicylic acid Acetylsalicylic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Sodium sulfate which could result in a higher serum level. Aclidinium The therapeutic efficacy of Sodium sulfate can be decreased when used in combination with Aclidinium. Acrivastine Sodium sulfate may decrease the excretion rate of Acrivastine which could result in a higher serum level. Acyclovir Acyclovir may decrease the excretion rate of Sodium sulfate which could result in a higher serum level. Adefovir dipivoxil Adefovir dipivoxil may decrease the excretion rate of Sodium sulfate which could result in a higher serum level. 
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- No interactions found.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Sodium sulfate decahydrate 0YPR65R21J 7727-73-3 RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L - Active Moieties
Name Kind UNII CAS InChI Key Sodium cation ionic LYR4M0NH37 17341-25-2 FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfate ion ionic 7IS9N8KPMG 14808-79-8 QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Bi-peglyte Sodium sulfate (5.74 g / sachet) + Bisacodyl (5 mg / tab) + Polyethylene glycol (59.55 g / sachet) + Potassium chloride (0.76 g / sachet) + Sodium bicarbonate (1.69 g / sachet) + Sodium chloride (1.46 g / sachet) Kit; Powder, for solution; Tablet, delayed release Oral Pendopharm Division Of Pharmascience Inc 2010-06-06 Not applicable Canada 
Clenz-Lyte Sodium sulfate (22.74 g/4L) + Polyethylene glycol (236 g/4L) + Potassium chloride (2.97 g/4L) + Sodium bicarbonate (6.74 g/4L) + Sodium chloride (5.86 g/4L) Powder, for solution Nasogastric; Oral Paddock Laboratories, Inc. 2010-06-07 2010-06-07 US 
ColPrep Kit Sodium sulfate decahydrate (17.5 g/22.7g) + Magnesium sulfate (1.6 g/22.7g) + Potassium sulfate (3.13 g/22.7g) Powder, for solution Oral KVK-Tech, Inc. 2016-12-27 2019-01-24 US Colyte Sodium sulfate (81.2 mg / g) + Polyethylene glycol (857.69 mg / g) + Potassium chloride (10.65 mg / g) + Sodium bicarbonate (24.02 mg / g) + Sodium chloride (20.87 mg / g) Powder, for solution Nasogastric; Oral Pendopharm Division Of Pharmascience Inc 1986-12-31 Not applicable Canada Colyte Sodium sulfate decahydrate (21.5 g/3.785L) + Polyethylene glycol (227.1 g/3.785L) + Potassium chloride (2.82 g/3.785L) + Sodium bicarbonate (6.36 g/3.785L) + Sodium chloride (5.53 g/3.785L) Powder, for solution Nasogastric; Oral Alaven Pharmaceutical 2010-09-01 2016-05-31 US Colyte Sodium sulfate decahydrate (22.72 g/4L) + Polyethylene glycol (240 g/4L) + Potassium chloride (2.98 g/4L) + Sodium bicarbonate (6.72 g/4L) + Sodium chloride (5.84 g/4L) Powder, for solution Nasogastric MEDA Pharmaceuticals 2014-08-05 2021-09-30 US Colyte with flavor packs Sodium sulfate decahydrate (22.72 g/4L) + Polyethylene glycol (240 g/4L) + Potassium chloride (2.98 g/4L) + Sodium bicarbonate (6.72 g/4L) + Sodium chloride (5.84 g/4L) Powder, for solution Nasogastric; Oral Alaven Pharmaceutical 1999-04-07 2016-08-31 US Eau Purgative Riga Sodium sulfate (1.056 g / 30 mL) + Magnesium sulfate (2.4 g / 30 mL) Liquid Oral Glendale Agencies 1978-12-31 1996-11-29 Canada Electropeg Solution Sodium sulfate (22.7 g / 277 g) + Polyethylene glycol (238.8 g / 277 g) + Potassium chloride (3 g / 277 g) + Sodium bicarbonate (6.7 g / 277 g) + Sodium chloride (5.8 g / 277 g) Powder Oral Technilab Pharma Inc. 1998-04-20 1999-09-27 Canada FORTRANS Sodium sulfate (5.7 g/73.69g) + Polyethylene glycol (64 g/73.69g) + Potassium chloride (0.75 g/73.69g) + Saccharin sodium (0.1 g/73.69g) + Sodium bicarbonate (1.68 g/73.69g) + Sodium chloride (1.46 g/73.69g) Powder, for solution Oral EP PLUS GROUP SDN. BHD. 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia 
- Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Sodium polysulthionate and folic acid Sodium sulfate decahydrate (8 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Octasulfur (388 mg/1) + Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (1.8 mg/1) Capsule Oral Solubiomix 2016-08-24 2017-10-16 US Sodium polysulthionate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate Sodium sulfate decahydrate (2 g/100g) + Levomefolic acid (.125 g/100g) + Octasulfur (97 g/100g) + Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (.45 g/100g) Powder Oral; Topical Solubiomix 2015-07-21 2016-01-12 US Sodium Polysulthionate, 5-mthf Sodium sulfate decahydrate (8 mg/1) + 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (.5 mg/1) + Octasulfur (388 mg/1) + Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (1.8 mg/1) Capsule Oral Solubiomix 2016-01-09 2016-01-12 US Xizflus Sodium sulfate decahydrate (8 mg/1) + 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (.5 mg/1) + Octasulfur (388 mg/1) + Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (1.8 mg/1) Capsule Oral Basiem 2016-01-09 2016-01-12 US Xizflus Sodium sulfate decahydrate (2 g/100g) + 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (.125 g/100g) + Octasulfur (97 g/100g) + Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (.45 g/100g) Powder Oral; Topical Basiem 2015-07-14 2016-01-12 US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- A06AD13 — Sodium sulfate
- A06AD — Osmotically acting laxatives
- A06A — DRUGS FOR CONSTIPATION
- A06 — DRUGS FOR CONSTIPATION
- A — ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as alkali metal sulfates. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest oxoanion is sulfate, and in which the heaviest atom not in an oxoanion is an alkali metal.
- Kingdom
- Inorganic compounds
- Super Class
- Mixed metal/non-metal compounds
- Class
- Alkali metal oxoanionic compounds
- Sub Class
- Alkali metal sulfates
- Direct Parent
- Alkali metal sulfates
- Alternative Parents
- Inorganic sodium salts / Inorganic oxides
- Substituents
- Alkali metal sulfate / Inorganic oxide / Inorganic salt / Inorganic sodium salt
- Molecular Framework
- Not Available
- External Descriptors
- inorganic sodium salt (CHEBI:32149)
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 36KCS0R750
- CAS number
- 7757-82-6
- InChI Key
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L
- InChI
- InChI=1S/2Na.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2
- IUPAC Name
- disodium sulfate
- SMILES
- [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
References
- General References
- Morris ME, Levy G: Serum concentration and renal excretion by normal adults of inorganic sulfate after acetaminophen, ascorbic acid, or sodium sulfate. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1983 Apr;33(4):529-36. [Article]
- Cocchetto DM, Levy G: Absorption of orally administered sodium sulfate in humans. J Pharm Sci. 1981 Mar;70(3):331-3. [Article]
- Pubchem [Link]
- DRUGS.COM [Link]
- DAILYMED [Link]
- ChemIDplus [Link]
- inChem [Link]
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D01732
- KEGG Compound
- C13199
- PubChem Compound
- 24436
- PubChem Substance
- 347827857
- ChemSpider
- 22844
- BindingDB
- 50101993
- 1299926
- ChEBI
- 32149
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL233406
- Wikipedia
- Sodium_sulfate
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Not Available Colonoscopy 1 4 Completed Basic Science Constipation - Functional / Irritable Bowel Syndrome Characterized by Constipation 1 4 Completed Diagnostic Colon Adenomas / Colon Lesions / Colon Polyps 1 4 Completed Screening Colorectal Carcinoma (CRC) 1 4 Completed Treatment Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy 1 4 Completed Treatment Bowel preparation therapy / Colonoscopy / Endoscopy 1 4 Completed Treatment Colon Cleansing for Colonoscopy 1 4 Completed Treatment Colonoscopy 2 4 Completed Treatment Colorectal Cleansing Prior Operation 1 4 Completed Treatment Gastrointestinal Diseases 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Kit; powder, for solution; tablet, delayed release Oral Powder, for solution Oral 1.685 g Powder, for solution Nasogastric Liquid Oral Powder, for solution Nasogastric; Oral Kit Oral Tablet, effervescent Oral Powder, for solution Oral Solution Oral Powder Oral Solution, concentrate Oral Tablet Oral Granule, effervescent Oral 2.86 g Capsule Oral Powder Oral; Topical - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region US7169381 No 2007-01-30 2024-09-01 US US7658914 No 2010-02-09 2024-09-01 US US6946149 No 2005-09-20 2023-03-07 US US9326969 No 2016-05-03 2033-09-10 US US9592252 No 2017-03-14 2032-08-11 US US9707297 No 2017-07-18 2033-09-10 US US8999313 No 2015-04-07 2033-09-10 US US10016504 No 2018-07-10 2033-09-10 US US10646512 No 2012-03-25 2032-03-25 US US10792306 No 2012-03-09 2032-03-09 US US10780112 No 2012-03-09 2032-03-09 US US10143656 No 2017-08-04 2037-08-04 US US10918723 No 2013-09-10 2033-09-10 US US11033498 No 2017-08-04 2037-08-04 US
Properties
- State
- Not Available
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted Properties
Property Value Source logP -0.84 ChemAxon pKa (Strongest Acidic) -3 ChemAxon Physiological Charge -2 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 4 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 80.26 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 0 ChemAxon Refractivity 11.53 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 5.81 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 0 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter No ChemAxon Veber's Rule No ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS Not Available
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion in...
- Gene Name
- CA2
- Uniprot ID
- P00918
- Uniprot Name
- Carbonic anhydrase 2
- Molecular Weight
- 29245.895 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrates cyanamide to urea.
- Gene Name
- CA1
- Uniprot ID
- P00915
- Uniprot Name
- Carbonic anhydrase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 28870.0 Da
References
Drug created on November 30, 2015 19:10 / Updated on January 09, 2021 18:41