Sofpironium

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Identification

Summary

Sofpironium is a topical anticholinergic used to treat primary axillary hyperhidrosis.

Brand Names

Sofdra

Generic Name

Sofpironium

DrugBank Accession Number

DB19325

Background

Sofpironium is a "soft" anticholinergic analog of glycopyrronium that has been modified with a readily hydrolyzable ester moiety.⁶ Soft drugs are designed to reduce systemic toxicity while enhancing local efficacy by employing retrometabolic drug design, in which a molecule contains a metabolically sensitive moiety that promotes rapid metabolism to inactive metabolites after exerting activity at its target site.² Sofpironium is rapidly converted to a less active metabolite, BBI-4010, after exerting its activity, thereby limiting the incidence and/or severity of systemic anticholinergic effects.^5,6

Sofpironium bromide (Sofdra) was approved by the FDA in June 2024 for the topical treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis.^4,5 It has also been available in Japan since 2020 under the brand name Ecclock.⁴

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved, Investigational

Structure

Similar Structures

Weight: Average: 390.499
Monoisotopic: 390.227499555
Chemical Formula: C₂₂H₃₂NO₅

Synonyms

Pyrrolidinium, 3-(((2r)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetyl)oxy)-1-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-1-methyl-, (3r)-
Sofpironium cation
Sofpironium ion

External IDs

BBI-4000 cation
BBI-4000 ion

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Pharmacology

Indication

Sofpironium bromide is indicated for the treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis in patients ≥9 years of age.⁵

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Associated Conditions

Indication Type	Indication	Combined Product Details	Approval Level	Age Group	Patient Characteristics	Dose Form
Treatment of	Primary axillary hyperhidrosis		••••••••••••	•••••• •••••••••		•••

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Binding studies at human muscarinic receptors (M1–M4) and guinea-pig ileum assays have found sofpironium bromide to have potency close to glycopyrronium with a shorter duration of action.⁶

Despite its topical application, sofpironium bromide exhibits some degree of systemic absorption that can result in anticholinergic adverse effects like urinary retention and heat illness.⁵ Patients with conditions that may be exacerbated by anticholinergic agents (e.g. myasthenia gravis, Sjögren’s syndrome) should not use sofpironium bromide, nor should it be used in patients already undergoing treatment with a systemic anticholinergic medication.⁵

Mechanism of action

Sofpironium is a competitive inhibitor of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are located on certain peripheral tissues, including eccrine sweat glands.⁵ By inhibiting the activity of these receptors, sofpironium indirectly reduces the rate of sweating in patients with axillary hyperhidrosis.

Target	Actions	Organism
AMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3	inhibitor	Humans
AMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor	inhibitor	Humans

Absorption

Following a single topical administration of sofpironium in adult patients, the mean plasma C_max was 2.71 ng/mL, the AUC_0-t was 45.1 ng.hr/mL, and the t_max was 5.34 hours.⁵ Following a single topical administration of sofpironium in pediatric patients (9 to 16 years of age), the mean plasma C_max was 1.30 ng/mL, the AUC_0-t was 14.6 ng.hr/mL, and the t_max was 4.0 hours.⁵

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Plasma protein binding of sofpironium is approximately 34.8 - 37.8%.⁵ Plasma protein binding of BBI-4010 is significantly lower at approximately 2.3 - 3.7%.⁵

Metabolism

Sofpironium is metabolized by non-enzymatic hydrolysis, oxidative metabolism via CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, and glycine conjugation.⁵ As a product of retrometabolic drug design, sofpironium includes a metabolically labile ester moiety that is readily hydrolyzed (by plasma paraoxonase 1 (PON1))³ to produce BBI-4010, a less active anticholinergic agent, thereby limiting the risk of systemic adverse effects.⁶

In plasma, the major component was sofpironium (38%) followed by BBI-4010 (20%).⁵

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

Sofpironium
- BBI-4010

Route of elimination

Urinary excretion of sofpironium and BBI-4010 were less than 0.5% of the applied dose.⁵

Half-life

The in vitro half-life sofpironium in human plasma has been measured at 3.86 hours.⁶

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

In the event of an overdose via overapplication of sofpironium bromide topical gel, prescribing information recommends washing the area with soap and water.⁵ Patients experiencing an overdose are likely to exhibit anticholinergic toxicities, including mydriasis (pupil dilation), blurred vision, urinary retention, and temperature dysregulation. Symptoms attributed to sofpironium overdose should be treated symptomatically.⁵

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

Drug	Interaction
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Aclidinium	Sofpironium may increase the anticholinergic activities of Aclidinium.
Amantadine	Sofpironium may increase the anticholinergic activities of Amantadine.
Amitriptyline	Sofpironium may increase the anticholinergic activities of Amitriptyline.
Amobarbital	Sofpironium may increase the anticholinergic activities of Amobarbital.
Amoxapine	Sofpironium may increase the anticholinergic activities of Amoxapine.

Food Interactions

No interactions found.

Products

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Product Ingredients

Ingredient	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Sofpironium bromide	7B2Y1932XU	1628106-94-4	FIAFMTCUJCWADZ-JOFREBOKSA-M

Brand Name Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Sofdra	Gel	87 mg/0.67mL	Topical	Botanix SB Inc.	2024-08-06	Not applicable

Chemical Identifiers

UNII: 00Y6A5AJU6
CAS number: 1628251-49-9
InChI Key: SEVCTUCCZYBJER-BSJAROSPSA-N
InChI: InChI=1S/C22H32NO5/c1-3-27-20(24)16-23(2)14-13-19(15-23)28-21(25)22(26,18-11-7-8-12-18)17-9-5-4-6-10-17/h4-6,9-10,18-19,26H,3,7-8,11-16H2,1-2H3/q+1/t19-,22-,23?/m1/s1
IUPAC Name
SMILES: CCOC(=O)C[N+]1(C)CC[C@H](C1)OC(=O)[C@@](O)(C1CCCC1)C1=CC=CC=C1

References

Synthesis Reference

Marubayashi K, Watanabe M, & Brinkman HR. (2021). Crystalline form of sofpironium bromide and preparation method thereof. (US Patent No. US11584715B2). U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

General References

Yokozeki H, Fujimoto T, Abe Y, Igarashi M, Ishikoh A, Omi T, Kanda H, Kitahara H, Kinoshita M, Nakasu I, Hattori N, Horiuchi Y, Maruyama R, Mizutani H, Murakami Y, Watanabe C, Kume A, Hanafusa T, Hamaguchi M, Yoshioka A, Egami Y, Matsuo K, Matsuda T, Akamatsu M, Yorozuya T, Takayama S: A phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, parallel-group study of 5% sofpironium bromide (BBI-4000) gel in Japanese patients with primary axillary hyperhidrosis. J Dermatol. 2021 Mar;48(3):279-288. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.15668. Epub 2021 Jan 7. [Article]
Armstrong A, Reddy R, Chadha D, Kircik L: SUPPLEMENT ARTICLE: A Novel Drug Delivery Method: Retrometabolic Drug Design. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022 Apr 1;21(4):s5-s10. [Article]
Samir A, Ohura K, Bodor N, Imai T: Identification of Major Esterase Involved in Hydrolysis of Soft Anticholinergic (2R3'R-SGM) Designed From Glycopyrrolate in Human and Rat Tissues. J Pharm Sci. 2019 Aug;108(8):2791-2797. doi: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.03.030. Epub 2019 Apr 5. [Article]
Dermatology Times: FDA Approves Sofpironium (Sofdra) as First and Only Chemical Entity for Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis [Link]
FDA Approved Drug Products: Sofdra (sofpironium bromide) topical gel [Link]
2021 Fall Clinical Dermatology Conference: Investigating Treatment of Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis With a Topical Retrometabolic Anticholinergic Drug [Link]

External Links

RxNav: 2689322
ChEMBL: CHEMBL3707224
Wikipedia: Sofpironium_bromide

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count	Start Date	Why Stopped	100+ additional columns
Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample data
3	Completed	Treatment	Axillary Hyperhidrosis	2	somestatus	stop reason	just information to hide
3	Completed	Treatment	Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis	1	somestatus	stop reason	just information to hide
2	Completed	Treatment	Hyperhidrosis	3	somestatus	stop reason	just information to hide
2	Completed	Treatment	Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis	1	somestatus	stop reason	just information to hide
1	Completed	Treatment	Hyperhidrosis	1	somestatus	stop reason	just information to hide

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Not Available

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Gel	Topical	87 mg/0.67mL

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Not Available

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
water solubility	Freely soluble	https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2024/217347s000lbl.pdf

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source

Predicted ADMET Features

Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST): Not Available
Spectra: Not Available
Chromatographic Properties: Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available

Targets

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Details1. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Yes
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover
Specific Function: acetylcholine binding
Gene Name: CHRM3
Uniprot ID: P20309
Uniprot Name: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3
Molecular Weight: 66127.445 Da

References

Yokozeki H, Fujimoto T, Abe Y, Igarashi M, Ishikoh A, Omi T, Kanda H, Kitahara H, Kinoshita M, Nakasu I, Hattori N, Horiuchi Y, Maruyama R, Mizutani H, Murakami Y, Watanabe C, Kume A, Hanafusa T, Hamaguchi M, Yoshioka A, Egami Y, Matsuo K, Matsuda T, Akamatsu M, Yorozuya T, Takayama S: A phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, parallel-group study of 5% sofpironium bromide (BBI-4000) gel in Japanese patients with primary axillary hyperhidrosis. J Dermatol. 2021 Mar;48(3):279-288. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.15668. Epub 2021 Jan 7. [Article]
FDA Approved Drug Products: Sofdra (sofpironium bromide) topical gel [Link]

Details2. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (Protein Group)

Kind: Protein group
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Yes
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover
Specific Function: G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity

Components:

Name	UniProt ID
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	P11229
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	P08172
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3	P20309
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	P08173
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5	P08912

References

FDA Approved Drug Products: Sofdra (sofpironium bromide) topical gel [Link]

Enzymes

Details1. Cytochrome P450 2D6

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Substrate
Inhibitor

General Function: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, steroids and retinoids (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997, PubMed:21289075, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997, PubMed:21289075, PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20972997). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid ethanolamide (20-HETE-EA) and 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:18698000, PubMed:21289075). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes cholesterol toward 25-hydroxycholesterol, a physiological regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes the oxidative transformations of all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal, a precursor for the active form all-trans-retinoic acid (PubMed:10681376). Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants
Specific Function: anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activity
Gene Name: CYP2D6
Uniprot ID: P10635
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 2D6
Molecular Weight: 55768.94 Da

References

FDA Approved Drug Products: Sofdra (sofpironium bromide) topical gel [Link]

Details2. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Substrate
Inhibitor

General Function: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of sterols, steroid hormones, retinoids and fatty acids (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20702771, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2, as well as D-ring hydroxylated E1 and E2 at the C-16 position (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the metabolism of androgens, particularly in oxidative deactivation of testosterone (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:22773874, PubMed:2732228). Metabolizes testosterone to less biologically active 2beta- and 6beta-hydroxytestosterones (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:2732228). Contributes to the formation of hydroxycholesterols (oxysterols), particularly A-ring hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-4beta position, and side chain hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-25 position, likely contributing to cholesterol degradation and bile acid biosynthesis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:19965576). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:20702771). Plays a role in the metabolism of retinoids. Displays high catalytic activity for oxidation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes atRA toward 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Responsible for oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Acts as a 2-exo-monooxygenase for plant lipid 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) (PubMed:11159812). Metabolizes the majority of the administered drugs. Catalyzes sulfoxidation of the anthelmintics albendazole and fenbendazole (PubMed:10759686). Hydroxylates antimalarial drug quinine (PubMed:8968357). Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase (PubMed:11695850). Also involved in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Catalyzes the inactivation of the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) (PubMed:29461981)
Specific Function: 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity
Gene Name: CYP3A4
Uniprot ID: P08684
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight: 57342.67 Da

References

FDA Approved Drug Products: Sofdra (sofpironium bromide) topical gel [Link]

Transporters

Details1. Solute carrier family 22 member 1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Electrogenic voltage-dependent transporter that mediates the transport of a variety of organic cations such as endogenous bioactive amines, cationic drugs and xenobiotics (PubMed:11388889, PubMed:11408531, PubMed:12439218, PubMed:12719534, PubMed:15389554, PubMed:16263091, PubMed:16272756, PubMed:16581093, PubMed:19536068, PubMed:21128598, PubMed:23680637, PubMed:24961373, PubMed:34040533, PubMed:9187257, PubMed:9260930, PubMed:9655880). Functions as a pH- and Na(+)-independent, bidirectional transporter (By similarity). Cation cellular uptake or release is driven by the electrochemical potential (i.e. membrane potential and concentration gradient) and substrate selectivity (By similarity). Hydrophobicity is a major requirement for recognition in polyvalent substrates and inhibitors (By similarity). Primarily expressed at the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes and proximal tubules and involved in the uptake and disposition of cationic compounds by hepatic and renal clearance from the blood flow (By similarity). Most likely functions as an uptake carrier in enterocytes contributing to the intestinal elimination of organic cations from the systemic circulation (PubMed:16263091). Transports endogenous monoamines such as N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), guanidine, histamine, neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin and adrenaline (PubMed:12439218, PubMed:24961373, PubMed:35469921, PubMed:9260930). Also transports natural polyamines such as spermidine, agmatine and putrescine at low affinity, but relatively high turnover (PubMed:21128598). Involved in the hepatic uptake of vitamin B1/thiamine, hence regulating hepatic lipid and energy metabolism (PubMed:24961373). Mediates the bidirectional transport of acetylcholine (ACh) at the apical membrane of ciliated cell in airway epithelium, thereby playing a role in luminal release of ACh from bronchial epithelium (PubMed:15817714). Transports dopaminergic neuromodulators cyclo(his-pro) and salsolinol with lower efficency (PubMed:17460754). Also capable of transporting non-amine endogenous compounds such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) (PubMed:11907186). May contribute to the transport of cationic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Also involved in the uptake of xenobiotics tributylmethylammonium (TBuMA), quinidine, N-methyl-quinine (NMQ), N-methyl-quinidine (NMQD) N-(4,4-azo-n-pentyl)-quinuclidine (APQ), azidoprocainamide methoiodide (AMP), N-(4,4-azo-n-pentyl)-21-deoxyajmalinium (APDA) and 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium (ASP) (PubMed:11408531, PubMed:15389554, PubMed:35469921, PubMed:9260930)
Specific Function: (R)-carnitine transmembrane transporter activity
Gene Name: SLC22A1
Uniprot ID: O15245
Uniprot Name: Solute carrier family 22 member 1
Molecular Weight: 61153.345 Da

References

FDA Approved Drug Products: Sofdra (sofpironium bromide) topical gel [Link]

Details2. Solute carrier family 22 member 2

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Electrogenic voltage-dependent transporter that mediates the transport of a variety of organic cations such as endogenous bioactive amines, cationic drugs and xenobiotics (PubMed:9260930, PubMed:9687576). Functions as a Na(+)-independent, bidirectional uniporter (PubMed:21128598, PubMed:9687576). Cation cellular uptake or release is driven by the electrochemical potential, i.e. membrane potential and concentration gradient (PubMed:15212162, PubMed:9260930, PubMed:9687576). However, may also engage electroneutral cation exchange when saturating concentrations of cation substrates are reached (By similarity). Predominantly expressed at the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes and proximal tubules and involved in the uptake and disposition of cationic compounds by hepatic and renal clearance from the blood flow (PubMed:15783073). Implicated in monoamine neurotransmitters uptake such as histamine, dopamine, adrenaline/epinephrine, noradrenaline/norepinephrine, serotonin and tyramine, thereby supporting a physiological role in the central nervous system by regulating interstitial concentrations of neurotransmitters (PubMed:16581093, PubMed:17460754, PubMed:9687576). Also capable of transporting dopaminergic neuromodulators cyclo(his-pro), salsolinol and N-methyl-salsolinol, thereby involved in the maintenance of dopaminergic cell integrity in the central nervous system (PubMed:17460754). Mediates the bidirectional transport of acetylcholine (ACh) at the apical membrane of ciliated cell in airway epithelium, thereby playing a role in luminal release of ACh from bronchial epithelium (PubMed:15817714). Also transports guanidine and endogenous monoamines such as vitamin B1/thiamine, creatinine and N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN) (PubMed:12089365, PubMed:15212162, PubMed:17072098, PubMed:24961373, PubMed:9260930). Mediates the uptake and efflux of quaternary ammonium compound choline (PubMed:9260930). Mediates the bidirectional transport of polyamine agmatine and the uptake of polyamines putrescine and spermidine (PubMed:12538837, PubMed:21128598). Able to transport non-amine endogenous compounds such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) (PubMed:11907186). Also involved in the uptake of xenobiotic 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium (ASP) (PubMed:12395288, PubMed:16394027). May contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable)
Specific Function: acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity
Gene Name: SLC22A2
Uniprot ID: O15244
Uniprot Name: Solute carrier family 22 member 2
Molecular Weight: 62579.99 Da

References

FDA Approved Drug Products: Sofdra (sofpironium bromide) topical gel [Link]

Details3. Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: No
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Multidrug efflux pump that functions as a H(+)/organic cation antiporter (PubMed:16330770, PubMed:17509534). Plays a physiological role in the excretion of cationic compounds including endogenous metabolites, drugs, toxins through the kidney and liver, into urine and bile respectively (PubMed:16330770, PubMed:17495125, PubMed:17509534, PubMed:17582384, PubMed:18305230, PubMed:19158817, PubMed:21128598, PubMed:24961373). Mediates the efflux of endogenous compounds such as creatinine, vitamin B1/thiamine, agmatine and estrone-3-sulfate (PubMed:16330770, PubMed:17495125, PubMed:17509534, PubMed:17582384, PubMed:18305230, PubMed:19158817, PubMed:21128598, PubMed:24961373). May also contribute to regulate the transport of cationic compounds in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable)
Specific Function: antiporter activity
Gene Name: SLC47A1
Uniprot ID: Q96FL8
Uniprot Name: Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1
Molecular Weight: 61921.585 Da

References

FDA Approved Drug Products: Sofdra (sofpironium bromide) topical gel [Link]

Drug created at August 12, 2024 18:33 / Updated at October 09, 2024 11:51

Sofpironium

Identification

Structure for Sofpironium (DB19325)

Pharmacology

Interactions

Products

Categories

Chemical Identifiers

References

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package

Pharmacoeconomics

Properties

Spectra

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Targets

References

Components:

References

Enzymes

References

References

Transporters

References

References

References