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Displaying results 21 - 30 of 138754 in total
  1. Pathway

    Glutaminolysis and Cancer

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0002298
    Disease

    Once it reaches malic acid, it is transported outside the mitochondria and transformed into pyruvic acid and lactate. … The oxoglutaric acid can also be transformed into citric acid which then gets turned into acetyl coa and get incorporated into the lipid synthesis

    Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Pyruvic acid · Biotin · Aspartic acid · L-Glutamine · Succinic acid +9 more
    Enzymes: Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, somatic form, mitochondrial, Y+L amino acid transporter 1
  2. Pathway

    Nicotinate and Nicotinamide Metabolism

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000048
    Metabolic

    Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase then transfers an adenylate group to form nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NaAD). … Lastly, the nicotinic acid group is amidated to form a nicotinamide group, resulting in a molecule of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Additionally, NAD can be phosphorylated to form NADP.

    Drugs: Ademetionine · L-Glutamine · Adenosine phosphate · Glutamic acid · NADH · ATP +8 more
  3. Pathway

    Androgen and Estrogen Metabolism

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000068
    Metabolic

    In this pathway, the conversion to a hydrophilic compound is an oxidation of a 17b-hydroxyl group. These hormones are needed for sexual development in both males and females. … This pathway describes the inactivation and catabolism of male (androgen) and female (estrogen) hormones.

    Drugs: NADH · Testosterone · Estrone · Estradiol · Calcium · Androstenedione +6 more
  4. Pathway

    NAD+ Signalling and Aging

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0084271
    Signaling

    An interesting link has emerged between NAD+ metabolism, SIRT1, SIRT3, and mitochondrial function. … NR and PARP inhibitors increased life span in worms via activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response UPRmt by sir2.1.

    Drugs: 5-O-phosphono-alpha-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate · Nicotinamide · Flavin adenine dinucleotide
  5. Pathway

    Glycine and Serine Metabolism

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000004
    Metabolic

    Cystathionine beta-lyase then converts this double amino acid to cysteine, ammonia, and alpha-ketoglutarate. Glycine is biosynthesized in the body from the amino acid serine. … This pathway describes the synthesis and breakdown of several small amino acids, including glycine, serine, and cysteine.

    Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Tetrahydrofolic acid · Ademetionine · Pyruvic acid · Arginine · Adenosine phosphate +26 more
  6. Pathway

    Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000021
    Metabolic

    This includes acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid, and in turn the formation of bile salts occurs. … Moreover, this entire process can be catalyzed via bile acid and a special amino acid N-acetyltransferase.

    Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Cysteine · Cysteamine · Iron · Taurine
    Enzymes: Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase
  7. Pathway

    Pantothenate and CoA Biosynthesis

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000027
    Metabolic

    Most of pantothenic acid is found in food as phosphopentetheine or coenzyme A. Pantothenic acid, pantetheine 4’-phosphate and pantetheine are all found in red blood cells. … It is a precursor of coenzyme A, which is an essential part of many reactions in the body, specifically important in the production of compounds like cholesterol and different fatty acids.

    Drugs: Adenosine phosphate · Cysteine · ATP · Cysteamine · Calcium · Pantothenic acid +3 more
  8. Pathway

    Starch and Sucrose Metabolism

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000058
    Metabolic

    Beta-D-fructose can be converted to beta-D-fructose-6-phosphate by glucokinase and then to alpha-D-glucose-6-phosphate by the action of glucose phosphate isomerase. … The action of enterocytes of the small intestine microvilli further break down limit dextrins and disaccharides into monosaccharides: glucose, galactose, and fructose.

    Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · NADH · ATP · Calcium · Magnesium cation · Uridine diphosphate glucose +4 more
    Enzymes: Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form
  9. Pathway

    Spermidine and Spermine Biosynthesis

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000445
    Metabolic

    Spermidine and spermine are produced in many tissues, as they are involved in the regulation of genetic processes from DNA synthesis to cell migration, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. … The Spermidine and Spermine Biosynthesis pathway highlights the creation of these cruicial polyamines.

    Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Ademetionine · Spermine · Ornithine · Methionine · ATP +6 more
  10. Pathway

    Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Metabolism

    smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000008
    Metabolic

    Fumarylacetoacetate is finally split via fumarylacetoacetate-hydrolase into fumarate (also a metabolite of the citric acid cycle) and acetoacetate (3-ketobutyroate). … This reaction functions both as the first step in tyrosine/phenylalanine catabolism by which the body disposes of excess phenylalanine, and as a source of the amino acid tyrosine.

    Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Phenylalanine · Adenosine phosphate · Tyrosine · Glutamic acid · ATP +11 more
    Enzymes: L-amino-acid oxidase