Search
Glutaminolysis and Cancer
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0002298DiseaseOnce it reaches malic acid, it is transported outside the mitochondria and transformed into pyruvic acid and lactate. … The oxoglutaric acid can also be transformed into citric acid which then gets turned into acetyl coa and get incorporated into the lipid synthesis
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Pyruvic acid · Biotin · Aspartic acid · L-Glutamine · Succinic acid +9 moreEnzymes: Y+L amino acid transporter 1, Neutral amino acid transporter ANicotinate and Nicotinamide Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000048Metabolicand plants. … These compounds can be found in the diet, where the mixture of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are called vitamin B3 or niacin.
Fructose and Mannose Degradation
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000064MetabolicFructose causes less of an insulin response compared to glucose and thus may be a preferred sugar for diabetics. … Fructose and mannose are monosaccharides that can be found in many foods. Fructose can join with glucose to form sucrose. Mannose can be converted to glucose. Both may be used as food sweeteners.
Enzymes: Mannose-1-phosphate guanyltransferase betaAndrogen and Estrogen Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000068MetabolicThis pathway describes the inactivation and catabolism of male (androgen) and female (estrogen) hormones. … Many steroid hormones are transformed by sulfatases, dehydrogenases and glucuronide transferases to enhance their solubility and to facilitate their elimination.
Enzymes: Testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase 3, 3-oxo-5-beta-steroid 4-dehydrogenaseNAD+ Signalling and Aging
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0084271SignalingAn interesting link has emerged between NAD+ metabolism, SIRT1, SIRT3, and mitochondrial function. … NR and PARP inhibitors increased life span in worms via activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response UPRmt by sir2.1.
Enzymes: Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 3Glycine and Serine Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000004MetabolicThis pathway describes the synthesis and breakdown of several small amino acids, including glycine, serine, and cysteine. … Serine is central to the synthesis and breakdown of the other two amino acids.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · Tetrahydrofolic acid · Ademetionine · Pyruvic acid · Arginine · Adenosine phosphate +26 moreEnzymes: D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrialTaurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000021MetabolicThis includes acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid, and in turn the formation of bile salts occurs. … To put this process in context, its occurrence is often seen in vivo, in hepatocytes, and is fundamental in the cyclical process of recovering bile acids from the intenstine, turning them back into salts
Enzymes: Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylasePantothenate and CoA Biosynthesis
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000027MetabolicIt is a precursor of coenzyme A, which is an essential part of many reactions in the body, specifically important in the production of compounds like cholesterol and different fatty acids. … Most of pantothenic acid is found in food as phosphopentetheine or coenzyme A. Pantothenic acid, pantetheine 4’-phosphate and pantetheine are all found in red blood cells.
Starch and Sucrose Metabolism
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000058Metabolicpentose sugar, or (3) enter the gluconeogenesis pathway by being dephosphorylated into glucose in liver or kidney tissues. … Beta-D-fructose can be converted to beta-D-fructose-6-phosphate by glucokinase and then to alpha-D-glucose-6-phosphate by the action of glucose phosphate isomerase.
Drugs: Pyridoxal phosphate · NADH · ATP · Calcium · Magnesium cation · Uridine diphosphate glucose +4 moreEnzymes: Beta-glucuronidaseSpermidine and Spermine Biosynthesis
smpdb.ca/view/SMP0000445MetabolicThese positiviely charged amines interact with negatively charged phosphates in nucleic acids to exert their regulatory effects on cellular processes. … Spermidine and spermine are produced in many tissues, as they are involved in the regulation of genetic processes from DNA synthesis to cell migration, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.
Enzymes: Methionine adenosyltransferase 2 subunit beta