Sulfametopyrazine

Identification

Summary

Sulfametopyrazine is an antibiotic used in the treatment or prevention of bacterial infections and malaria.

Generic Name
Sulfametopyrazine
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00664
Background

Long-acting plasma-bound sulfonamide used for respiratory and urinary tract infections and also for malaria.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved, Withdrawn
Structure
Weight
Average: 280.303
Monoisotopic: 280.06301096
Chemical Formula
C11H12N4O3S
Synonyms
  • Solfametopirazina
  • Sulfalene
  • Sulfaleno
  • Sulfalenum
  • Sulfamethopyrazine
External IDs
  • AS-18908
  • NSC-110433
  • WR 4629

Pharmacology

Indication

For the treatment of urinary tract infection and chronic bronchitis.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Used in combination to preventPlasmodium infectionsCombination Product in combination with: Pyrimethamine (DB00205)•••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••• ••••••
Used in combination to treatPlasmodium infectionsCombination Product in combination with: Pyrimethamine (DB00205)•••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••• ••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Sulfametopyrazine is a sulfonamide antibiotic. The sulfonamides are synthetic bacteriostatic antibiotics with a wide spectrum against most gram-positive and many gram-negative organisms. However, many strains of an individual species may be resistant. Sulfonamides inhibit multiplication of bacteria by acting as competitive inhibitors of p-aminobenzoic acid in the folic acid metabolism cycle. Bacterial sensitivity is the same for the various sulfonamides, and resistance to one sulfonamide indicates resistance to all. Most sulfonamides are readily absorbed orally. However, parenteral administration is difficult, since the soluble sulfonamide salts are highly alkaline and irritating to the tissues. The sulfonamides are widely distributed throughout all tissues. High levels are achieved in pleural, peritoneal, synovial, and ocular fluids. Although these drugs are no longer used to treat meningitis, CSF levels are high in meningeal infections. Their antibacterial action is inhibited by pus.

Mechanism of action

Sulfametopyrazine is a competitive inhibitor of the bacterial enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. Para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), a substrate of the enzyme is prevented from binding. The inhibited reaction is necessary in these organisms for the synthesis of folic acid.

TargetActionsOrganism
ADihydropteroate synthetase
inhibitor
Plasmodium falciparum
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
AcarboseThe therapeutic efficacy of Acarbose can be increased when used in combination with Sulfametopyrazine.
AcetohexamideThe therapeutic efficacy of Acetohexamide can be increased when used in combination with Sulfametopyrazine.
AlbiglutideThe therapeutic efficacy of Albiglutide can be increased when used in combination with Sulfametopyrazine.
AlogliptinThe therapeutic efficacy of Alogliptin can be increased when used in combination with Sulfametopyrazine.
BenzylpenicillinSulfametopyrazine may decrease the excretion rate of Benzylpenicillin which could result in a higher serum level.
Food Interactions
Not Available

Products

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International/Other Brands
Kelfizina
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
METAKELFINSulfametopyrazine (500 mg) + Pyrimethamine (25 mg)TabletOralPfizer Italia S.R.L.2014-07-082021-06-04Italy flag
METAKELFINSulfametopyrazine (200 mg/mL) + Pyrimethamine (10 mg/mL)Solution / dropsOralPfizer Italia S.R.L.2014-07-082021-06-04Italy flag

Categories

ATC Codes
G01AE10 — Combinations of sulfonamidesJ01ED02 — SulfaleneP01BF04 — Artesunate, sulfalene and pyrimethamine
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzenesulfonamides. These are organic compounds containing a sulfonamide group that is S-linked to a benzene ring.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Benzenoids
Class
Benzene and substituted derivatives
Sub Class
Benzenesulfonamides
Direct Parent
Benzenesulfonamides
Alternative Parents
Benzenesulfonyl compounds / Methoxypyrazines / Aniline and substituted anilines / Alkyl aryl ethers / Imidolactams / Sulfonyls / Organosulfonic acids and derivatives / Heteroaromatic compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Primary amines
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Substituents
Alkyl aryl ether / Amine / Aniline or substituted anilines / Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound / Azacycle / Benzenesulfonamide / Benzenesulfonyl group / Ether / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative
show 15 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
pyrazines, sulfonamide, sulfonamide antibiotic (CHEBI:32162)
Affected organisms
  • Gram negative, positive bacteria and plasmodium

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
T6BL4ZC15G
CAS number
152-47-6
InChI Key
KXRZBTAEDBELFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C11H12N4O3S/c1-18-11-10(13-6-7-14-11)15-19(16,17)9-4-2-8(12)3-5-9/h2-7H,12H2,1H3,(H,13,15)
IUPAC Name
4-amino-N-(3-methoxypyrazin-2-yl)benzene-1-sulfonamide
SMILES
COC1=NC=CN=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1

References

General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0014802
KEGG Drug
D01216
KEGG Compound
C12616
PubChem Compound
9047
PubChem Substance
46505111
ChemSpider
8695
RxNav
10175
ChEBI
32162
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1525826
ZINC
ZINC000000002097
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP001199
PharmGKB
PA164747038
Wikipedia
Sulfalene

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
3CompletedPreventionMalaria1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
Suspension
Tablet
Tablet
Solution / dropsOral
TabletOral
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)176 °CPhysProp
water solubility4030 mg/LNot Available
logP0.70HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.406 mg/mLALOGPS
logP0.41ALOGPS
logP0.23Chemaxon
logS-2.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)5.91Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)1.98Chemaxon
Physiological Charge-1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area107.2 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count3Chemaxon
Refractivity70.37 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability27.12 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings2Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterYesChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9797
Blood Brain Barrier+0.6436
Caco-2 permeable-0.5125
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.748
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.8708
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9728
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9066
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.6554
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.8908
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.7127
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.8964
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.831
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9467
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8826
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8952
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.6424
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.7455
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.8527
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9973
Rat acute toxicity1.9789 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9669
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.7806
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-05ec-8950000000-e07820181c0d509b6744
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-001i-0290000000-24e142763c47cd247be0
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a6r-0970000000-bf2d1035c7d18bf219b1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0910000000-50abd80da5d7f386882d
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-0900000000-0bcac65a7338af060967
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-07do-9440000000-89111416c198a27ead07
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-052e-3900000000-7fe4ce0917d648d5d78a
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-172.1714009
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-169.5038009
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-162.44022
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+172.6443009
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+170.9468009
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+164.79822
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+172.4786009
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+170.0342009
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+170.89134
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Plasmodium falciparum
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Dihydropteroate synthase activity
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
Not Available
Uniprot ID
Q27738
Uniprot Name
Dihydropteroate synthetase
Molecular Weight
43370.845 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Brumfitt W, Hamilton-Miller JM: Reassessment of the rationale for the combinations of sulphonamides with diaminopyrimidines. J Chemother. 1993 Dec;5(6):465-9. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at December 02, 2023 06:53