Dimethyl sulfoxide
Identification
- Name
- Dimethyl sulfoxide
- Accession Number
- DB01093
- Description
A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during cryopreservation. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Vet approved
- Structure
Structure for Dimethyl sulfoxide (DB01093)
- Weight
- Average: 78.133
Monoisotopic: 78.013935504 - Chemical Formula
- C2H6OS
- Synonyms
- Dimethyl sulfoxide
- Dimethyl sulfur oxide
- Dimethyl sulphoxide
- Dimethyli sulfoxidum
- Dimethylsulfoxid
- Diméthylsulfoxyde
- Dimetil sulfóxido
- DMSO
- Methylsulfinylmethane
- S(O)Me2
- Sulfinylbis(methane)
- External IDs
- NSC-763
- SQ 9453
- SQ-9453
Pharmacology
- Indication
For the symptomatic relief of patients with interstitial cystitis.
- Associated Conditions
- Associated Therapies
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Learn about our commercial Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings data.
Learn More- Pharmacodynamics
Dimethyl Sulfoxide may have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and analgesic activities. Dimethyl Sulfoxide also readily penetrates cellular membranes. The membrane-penetrating ability of dimethyl sulfoxide may enhance diffusion of other substances through the skin. For this reason, mixtures of idoxuridine and dimethyl sulfoxide have been used for topical treatment of herpes zoster in the United Kingdom.
- Mechanism of action
The mechanism of dimethyl sulfoxide's actions is not well understood. Dimethyl sulfoxide has demonstrated antioxidant activity in certain biological settings. For example, the cardiovascular protective effect of dimethyl sulfoxide in copper-deficient rats is thought to occur by an antioxidant mechanism. It is also thought that dimethyl sulfoxide's possible anti-inflammatory activity is due to antioxidant action.
- Absorption
Readily and rapidly absorbed following administration by all routes and distributed throughout the body.
- Volume of distribution
- Not Available
- Protein binding
- Not Available
- Metabolism
Dimethyl sulfoxide is metabolized in man by oxidation to dimethyl sulfone or by reduction in dimethyl sulfide. Dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl sulfone are excreted in the urine and feces.
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
Dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl sulfone are excreted in the urine and feces.
- Half-life
- Not Available
- Clearance
- Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Learn about our commercial Adverse Effects data.
Learn More- Toxicity
The oral LD50 of dimethyl sulfoxide in the dog is greater than 10 gm/kg. It is improbable that this dosage level could be obtained with intravesical instillation of dimethyl sulfoxide in the patient.
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Unlock Additional DataAbacavir Abacavir may decrease the excretion rate of Dimethyl sulfoxide which could result in a higher serum level. Abiraterone The metabolism of Abiraterone can be decreased when combined with Dimethyl sulfoxide. Acalabrutinib The metabolism of Acalabrutinib can be decreased when combined with Dimethyl sulfoxide. Acarbose Acarbose may decrease the excretion rate of Dimethyl sulfoxide which could result in a higher serum level. Acebutolol The metabolism of Acebutolol can be decreased when combined with Dimethyl sulfoxide. Aceclofenac Aceclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Dimethyl sulfoxide which could result in a higher serum level. Acemetacin Acemetacin may decrease the excretion rate of Dimethyl sulfoxide which could result in a higher serum level. Acenocoumarol The serum concentration of Acenocoumarol can be increased when it is combined with Dimethyl sulfoxide. Acetaminophen The metabolism of Dimethyl sulfoxide can be decreased when combined with Acetaminophen. Acetazolamide Acetazolamide may increase the excretion rate of Dimethyl sulfoxide which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Additional Data Available- Extended DescriptionExtended Description
Extended description of the mechanism of action and particular properties of each drug interaction.
Learn more - Severity
- Evidence Level
- ActionAction
An effect category for each drug interaction. Know how this interaction affects the subject drug.
Learn more
- Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Unlock Additional DataDimethyl Sulfoxide Irrigation USP Solution Intravesical Sandoz Canada Incorporated 2001-04-24 2019-08-01 Canada 
Kemsol Liquid 70% Solution Topical Axxess Pharma Inc. 1977-12-31 2011-07-22 Canada Rimso-50 Solution 500 mg Intravesical Mylan Pharmaceuticals 1980-12-31 Not applicable Canada Rimso-50 Irrigant 0.54 g/1mL Intravesical Mylan Institutional LLC 1978-04-04 Not applicable US 
Additional Data Available- Application NumberApplication Number
A unique ID assigned by the FDA when a product is submitted for approval by the labeller.
Learn more - Product CodeProduct Code
A governmentally-recognized ID which uniquely identifies the product within its regulatory market.
Learn more
Categories
- ATC Codes
- M02AX03 — Dimethyl sulfoxide
- M02AX — Other topical products for joint and muscular pain
- M02A — TOPICAL PRODUCTS FOR JOINT AND MUSCULAR PAIN
- M02 — TOPICAL PRODUCTS FOR JOINT AND MUSCULAR PAIN
- M — MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM
- Drug Categories
- Antioxidants
- Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting
- Cryoprotective Agents
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 inhibitors (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
- Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
- Free Radical Scavengers
- Genito Urinary System and Sex Hormones
- Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents
- Musculo-Skeletal System
- Protective Agents
- Solvents
- Sulfoxides
- Sulfur Compounds
- Topical Products for Joint and Muscular Pain
- Urologicals
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sulfoxides. These are compounds containing a sulfoxide functional group, with the structure RS(=O)R' (R,R' not H).
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organosulfur compounds
- Class
- Sulfoxides
- Sub Class
- Not Available
- Direct Parent
- Sulfoxides
- Alternative Parents
- Sulfinyl compounds / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives
- Substituents
- Aliphatic acyclic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound / Sulfinyl compound / Sulfoxide
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic acyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- sulfoxide (CHEBI:28262) / a small molecule (DMSO)
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- YOW8V9698H
- CAS number
- 67-68-5
- InChI Key
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C2H6OS/c1-4(2)3/h1-2H3
- IUPAC Name
- methanesulfinylmethane
- SMILES
- CS(C)=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Zhi Guo, Indra Prakash, "Synthesis and purification of 3,3-dimethylbutyraldehyde via oxidation of 1-chloro-3,3-dimethylbutane with dimethyl sulfoxide." U.S. Patent US5905175, issued October, 1990.
US5905175- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0002151
- KEGG Drug
- D01043
- KEGG Compound
- C11143
- PubChem Compound
- 679
- PubChem Substance
- 46505009
- ChemSpider
- 659
- BindingDB
- 50026472
- 3455
- ChEBI
- 28262
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL504
- ZINC
- ZINC000005224188
- PharmGKB
- PA449342
- PDBe Ligand
- DMS
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- PDRhealth
- PDRhealth Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Dimethyl_sulfoxide
- AHFS Codes
- 92:00.00 — Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents
- PDB Entries
- 1bju / 1bjv / 1c1p / 1c1r / 1c2f / 1c2g / 1c2i / 1d7h / 1dp0 / 1fj3 … show 2475 more
- MSDS
- Download (77.2 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Terminated Treatment Primary Thrombocytopenia,Unspecified / Thrombocytopenia / Thrombocytopenia Chemotherapy Induced 1 3 Terminated Treatment Detrusor Hyperreflexia / Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Urinary Incontinence (UI) / Urinary Incontinence, Urge / Urinary Urge Incontinence 1 2 Recruiting Prevention Breast Cancer / Radiation Dermatitis / Radiation Dermatitis Acute 1 2 Terminated Treatment Bladder Diseases / Interstitial Cystitis 1 2, 3 Unknown Status Treatment Breast Capsular Contracture / Dimethyl Sulfoxide 1 1 Completed Other Malignancies 1 1 Completed Treatment Malignant Melanoma of Skin / Melanoma (Skin) 1 1 Completed Treatment Thrombocytopenia 1 1, 2 Completed Treatment Detrusor Hyperreflexia / Detrusor Instability / Urinary Bladder, Overactive 1 1, 2 Completed Treatment Osteoarthritis Pain 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Ben Venue Laboratories Inc.
- Bioniche Pharma
- Bryan Corp.
- Edwards Lifesciences LLC
- Medisca Inc.
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Solution Intravesical Cream 10 g/100g Cream 25 g/100g Solution Topical 10 mL/100mL Emulsion Topical 10 mL/100mL Solution Topical 10 g/100mL Solution Topical Irrigant Intravesical 0.54 g/1mL Solution Intravesical 500 mg Gel 8 g/100g Solution Topical 8 g/100g - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Rimso-50 50% Solution 50ml Vial 111.2USD vial Sclerosol intrapleural aero 3.98USD g Rimso-50 50 % Solution 1.25USD ml Rimso-50 solution 1.15USD ml Dimethyl Sulfoxide Irrigation 50 % Solution 1.05USD ml Dimethyl sulfoxide liquid 0.77USD ml Kemsol 70 % Solution 0.31USD ml DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Liquid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 18.5 °C PhysProp boiling point (°C) 63 Smedslund, T.H.; U.S. Patent 2,581,050; January 1,1952; assigned to A.B. Centrallaboratorium Helsinki. Coma, J.G. and Gerttula, V.G.; U.S. Patent 3,045,051; July 17, 1962; assigned to Crown Zellerbach Corp. water solubility 1E+006 mg/L DORIGAN,J ET AL. (1976A) @2ND logP -1.35 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 65.7 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -1.1 ALOGPS logP -1.4 ChemAxon logS -0.08 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Basic) -6.2 ChemAxon Physiological Charge 0 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 1 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 17.07 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 0 ChemAxon Refractivity 20.73 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 7.91 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 0 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter No ChemAxon Veber's Rule Yes ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule No ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9968 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.978 Caco-2 permeable + 0.5211 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.8417 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9231 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 1.0 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.9156 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8276 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9116 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.6799 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.7652 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8233 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9184 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7648 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9523 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9021 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9133 Carcinogenicity Carcinogens 0.7154 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.8004 Rat acute toxicity 0.7619 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.8931 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.9432
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Download (8.05 KB)
- Spectra
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID
- P33261
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C19
- Molecular Weight
- 55930.545 Da
References
- Busby WF Jr, Ackermann JM, Crespi CL: Effect of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and acetonitrile on in vitro activities of cDNA-expressed human cytochromes P-450. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Feb;27(2):246-9. [PubMed:9929510]
- Easterbrook J, Lu C, Sakai Y, Li AP: Effects of organic solvents on the activities of cytochrome P450 isoforms, UDP-dependent glucuronyl transferase, and phenol sulfotransferase in human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Feb;29(2):141-4. [PubMed:11159803]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic...
- Gene Name
- CYP2D6
- Uniprot ID
- P10635
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2D6
- Molecular Weight
- 55768.94 Da
References
- Busby WF Jr, Ackermann JM, Crespi CL: Effect of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and acetonitrile on in vitro activities of cDNA-expressed human cytochromes P-450. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Feb;27(2):246-9. [PubMed:9929510]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Busby WF Jr, Ackermann JM, Crespi CL: Effect of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and acetonitrile on in vitro activities of cDNA-expressed human cytochromes P-450. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Feb;27(2):246-9. [PubMed:9929510]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Identical protein binding
- Specific Function
- Thyroid hormone-binding protein. Probably transports thyroxine from the bloodstream to the brain.
- Gene Name
- TTR
- Uniprot ID
- P02766
- Uniprot Name
- Transthyretin
- Molecular Weight
- 15886.88 Da
References
- Lehigh Shirey EA, Jelaso Langerveld A, Mihalko D, Ide CF: Polychlorinated biphenyl exposure delays metamorphosis and alters thyroid hormone system gene expression in developing Xenopus laevis. Environ Res. 2006 Oct;102(2):205-14. Epub 2006 May 23. [PubMed:16720020]
Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on October 21, 2020 01:55
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