Protective Agents
- Name
- Protective Agents
- Accession Number
- DBCAT000367
- Description
Synthetic or natural substances which are given to prevent a disease or disorder or are used in the process of treating a disease or injury due to a poisonous agent.
- Drugs
Drug Drug Description Coenzyme M A uroprotective agent used for the reduction and prophylaxis of oxazaphosphorine-induced toxicity in the urinary tract. Ascorbic acid A vitamin used to correct vitamin C deficiency and to increase the intestinal absorption of iron. Vitamin A A vitamin important for retinal function that is used clinically to correct vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin E An antioxidant vitamin used in many skin creams and multivitamin preparations. Lipoic acid For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance. Masoprocol Used for the treatment of actinic keratoses (precancerous skin growths that can become malignant if left untreated). Milrinone A PDE-III inhibitor with inotropic, lusitropic, and vasodilatory properties used for the short-term treatment of acute decompensated heart failure. Dexrazoxane A cytoprotective drug used to prevent and improve cardiomyopathy associated with doxorubicin treatment for metastatic breast cancer. Phenylephrine An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used in the management of hypotension, generally in the surgical setting associated with the use of anesthetics. Digoxin A cardiac glycoside used in the treatment of mild to moderate heart failure and for ventricular response rate control in chronic atrial fibrillation. Carbamoylcholine A direct acting miotic agent administered ophthalmically to decrease intraocular pressure after cataract surgery, and to induce miosis during surgery. Nitric Oxide A vasodilating agent used in the treatment of hypoxic respiratory failure in premature neonates. Allopurinol A xanthine oxidase inhibitor used to reduce urinary and serum uric acid concentrations in patients with gout, recurrent calcium oxalate calculi, and various malignancies. Picrotoxin Used internally for relieving respiratory distress. Also for use as an antidote in poisoning by CNS depressants, especially barbiturates. Acetyldigitoxin Used for fast digitalization in congestive heart failure. Succimer A mercaptodicarboxylic acid heavy metal chelator used in the treatment of heavy metal poisoning. Leucovorin A folate analog used to treat the toxic effects of methotrexate and other folate antagonists, to treat megaloblastic anemia, and to provide palliative treatment of colorectal cancer. Lisinopril An ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction. Pralidoxime A cholinesterase reactivator used to treat organophosphate poisoning. Riluzole A glutamate antagonist used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Pentoxifylline A methylxanthine derivative used to treat intermittent claudication caused by chronic occlusive arterial disease of the limbs. Dobutamine A beta-1 agonist used to treat cardiac decompensation in patients with organic heart disease or from cardiac surgery. Penicillamine A chelator used to treat Wilson's disease, cystinuria, and rheumatoid arthritis. Levosimendan For short term treatment of acutely decompensated severe chronic heart failure (CHF). Also being investigated for use/treatment in heart disease. Methylprednisolone A corticosteroid used to treat inflammation or immune reactions across a variety of organ systems, endocrine conditions, and neoplastic diseases. Dopamine A catecholamine neurotransmitter used to treat hemodynamic imbalances, poor perfusion of vital organs, low cardiac output, and hypotension. Rivastigmine A cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat mild to moderate dementia in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Edrophonium A cholinesterase inhibitor used to diagnose and evaluate myasthenia gravis. Selegiline A monoamine oxidase inhibitor used to treat major depressive disorder and Parkinson's. Isoprenaline A catecholamine non-selective beta-adrenergic agonist typically used to treat bradycardia and heart block. Melatonin An endogenous hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles and when provided exogenously has beneficial effects on sleep-onset latency; available as an over-the-counter supplement. Deslanoside For the treatment and management of Congestive cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmias and heart failure. Ouabain For the treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter and heart failure Dimethyl sulfoxide A reversible mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 (MEK1) and MEK2 inhibitor used to treat certain types of melanoma, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, and locally advanced or metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer. Arbutamine Used to elicit acute cardiovascular responses (cardiac stumulant), similar to those produced by exercise, in order to aid in diagnosing the presence or absence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in... Amifostine A cytoprotective adjuvant used for reduction in the cumulative renal toxicity in patients with ovarian cancer and moderate to severe xerostomia in patients undergoing post-operative radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. Cilostazol An antiplatelet agent and vasodilator used for the symptomatic relief of intermittent claudication. Flumazenil A benzodiazepine antagonist that is used for the complete or partial reversal of the sedative effects caused by benzodiazepines in various clinical settings, such as induced general anesthesia for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Fomepizole An inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase used as an antidote in confirmed or suspected methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning. Aminophylline A bronchodilator consisting of theophylline that is used for the treatment of bronchospasm due to asthma, emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Pirbuterol A beta-2 adrenergic agonist and bronchodilator used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma. Rasagiline An irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase used for the symptomatic management of idiopathic Parkinson's disease as initial monotherapy and as adjunct therapy to levodopa. Digitoxin A cardiac glycoside used in the treatment and management of congestive cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmias and heart failure. Amrinone A positive inotropic agent and phosphodiesterase inhibitor used in the management of treatment of congestive heart failure. Oxybenzone A sunscreen agent found in sunscreens that absorbs UV rays. Tenocyclidine Because of its high affinity for the phencyclidine binding site on the NMDA receptor, the 3H radiolabelled form of tenocyclidine is widely used in research into NMDA receptors. Attapulgite A veterinary antidiarrheal agent used to treat non-infectious diarrhea in animals. Probucol Used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol. Genistein Currently Genistein is being studied in clinical trials as a treatment for prostate cancer. 3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic Acid Not Available 7-Nitroindazole Not Available Colforsin Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant Coleus forskohlii. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities;... Resveratrol Being investigated for the treatment of Herpes labialis infections (cold sores). N-(3-Propylcarbamoyloxirane-2-Carbonyl)-Isoleucyl-Proline Not Available Arsanilic acid An arsenical which has been used as a feed additive for enteric conditions in pigs and poultry. It causes blindness and is ototoxic and nephrotoxic in animals. [PubChem] 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid An oxidation product of tryptophan metabolism. It may be a free radical scavenger and a carcinogen. Dihydrolipoic Acid Not Available 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Not Available p-Coumaric acid Not Available Quercetin Quercetin is a flavonol widely distributed in plants. It is an antioxidant, like many other phenolic heterocyclic compounds. Glycosylated forms include RUTIN and quercetrin. Lawsone Not Available Huperzine A Investigated for use/treatment in alzheimer's disease. Enoximone For the treatment of congestive heart failure. SGS-742 Investigated for use/treatment in alzheimer's disease, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), memory loss, and schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders. Fenretinide Investigated for use/treatment in macular degeneration. Ecabet For the treatment of reflux oesophagitis and peptic ulcer disease. Canertinib Investigated for use/treatment in breast cancer and lung cancer. Oglufanide Investigated for use/treatment in hepatitis (viral, C). Transcrocetinate Investigated for use/treatment in cancer/tumors (unspecified), hemorrhage, hypoxia, respiratory failure, and strokes. Acetylcysteine A medication that can be used as a mucolytic in patients with certain lung conditions and as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose. Tedisamil Investigated for use/treatment in arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, and angina. Exisulind Investigated for use/treatment in adenomatous polyposis coli, lung cancer, prostate cancer, colon polyps, Barrett's esophagus disease, and pediatric indications. Maxacalcitol Not Annotated Ziconotide An N-type calcium channel antagonist used to manage patients with severe chronic pain who cannot tolerate, or who have not responded adequately to other treatments such as intrathecal morphine and systemic analgesics. Nicaraven Investigated for use/treatment in cerebrovascular disease (unspecified). Dexanabinol Investigated for use/treatment in traumatic brain injuries and neurologic disorders. Remacemide Investigated for use/treatment in epilepsy, huntington's disease, and parkinson's disease. Squalamine Investigated for use/treatment in ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and macular degeneration. Clomethiazole Investigated for use/treatment in strokes. Propentofylline Investigated for use/treatment in alzheimer's disease. Cupric sulfate A compound used as an intravenous copper supplement for Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). Prussian blue A chelating agent used to reduce the extent of systemic contamination with radioactive cesium and/or radioactive or non-radioactive thallium. Z-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketone Non-methylated, competitive, and irreversible inhibitor of caspase 1, as well as other caspases,1 which can be used directly with purified enzymes. It does not require an esterase to hydrolyze the... Ferulic acid Not Available Ubiquinone Q2 Not Available Hyaluronic acid A glycosaminoglycan used for the relief of joint pain, wound healing, ophthalmologic treatment, cosmetic treatment, and various other applications. Uric acid At present (August 2013), there is no approved indication for uric acid. The potential therapeutic use for uric acid is as an adjunct in acute ischemic stroke. Etilefrine Etilefrine is an adrenergic agonist that appears to interact with beta-2 and some alpha adrenergic receptors. It has been used as a vasoconstrictor agent. Idebenone An analogue of ubiquinone used for the treatment of visual impairment in adolescent and adult patients with Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON). Chromic chloride A supplement to intravenous solutions given for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Piracetam A nootropic cyclic GABA derivative used in myoclonus, sickle cell disease, alcohol dependence, and as a general cognitive enhancer. Activated charcoal A gastric decontamination agent used in emergency clinical settings as a antidote to treat poisonings following excessive oral ingestion of certain medications or poisons. Zinc oxide A mineral ingredient of various pharmacological preparations to treat diaper dermatitis and other skin conditions, to protect the epidermis, and to prevent sunburn. Sodium fluoride An ingredient of various dental preparations used to support tooth mineralization and the prevention of dental caries. Monopotassium phosphate An ionic compound used for electrolyte replenishment and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy. Dipotassium phosphate An ionic compound used for electrolyte replenishment and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy. Glycerin It is used as a solvent, emollient, pharmaceutical agent, and sweetening agent. Sodium fluorophosphate A fluoride anticaries agent used to prevent and treat dental cavities. Avobenzone A sunscreen agent found in sunscreens that absorbs UV rays. Octinoxate A sunscreen agent found in sunscreens that absorbs UV rays. Thiosulfuric acid A sulfur donor used for sequential use with sodium nitrite for the reversal of acute cyanide poisoning that is judged to be life-threatening. Mequinol A topical agent used in combination with tretinoin to treat solar lentigines. Hydroquinone A topical brightening agent used for the treatment of skin disorders associated with hyperpigmentation including melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, sunspots, and freckles. Ecamsule A sunscreen agent found in sunscreens that absorbs UV rays. Titanium dioxide A sunscreen agent found in sunscreens that absorbs UV rays. Selenic acid An ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins. Selenium An ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins. Lycopene An ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins. Tocopherol Tocopherol can be used as a dietary supplement for patients with a deficit of vitamin E; this is mainly prescribed in the alpha form. Vitamin E deficiency is rare, and... Diethyltoluamide An insect repellant, also known as DEET. Bentonite Not Annotated Amitraz Amitraz is a non-systemic acaricide and insecticide. It was generated in 1969 by the Boots Co. in England. Amitraz presents insect repellent effects and hence, it can be used as... Pimobendan Not Annotated Padimate O An ingredient used in sunscreens to absorb UV radiation. Levoleucovorin A folate analog used after high dose methotrexate for osteosarcoma, to reduce the toxic effects of folate analogs, and with 5-fluorouracil in palliative treatment of advanced metastatic colorectal cancer. Rebamipide A gastroprotective agent used in combination with other similar therapies (e.g. proton pump inhibitors) to treat gastritis and protect the gastric mucosa. Allicin Allicin has been used in trials studying the treatment of Follicular Lymphoma. Anisodamine Anisodamine has been investigated for the treatment of Intestinal Diseases. 3,3'-diindolylmethane Diindolylmethane has been used in trials studying the prevention and treatment of SLE, Prostate Cancer, Cervical Dysplasia, Stage I Prostate Cancer, and Stage II Prostate Cancer, among others. Vesnarinone Vesnarinone has been used in trials studying the treatment of HIV Infections and Sarcoma, Kaposi. Zuretinol acetate Zuretinol acetate has been used in trials studying the treatment of Impaired Dark Adaptation, RP (Retinitis Pigmentosa), Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP), and LCA (Leber Congenital Amaurosis). Epigallocatechin gallate Epigallocatechin gallate has been investigated for the treatment of Hypertension and Diabetic Nephropathy. Vinpocetine Vinpocetine has been investigated for the treatment of Epilepsy. Bucillamine Bucillamine has been used in trials studying the treatment and prevention of Gout and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Edaravone A free radical scavenger used to delay the progression of ALS. Simendan Simendan is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00527059 (Renal Effects of Levosimendan in Patients Admitted With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure). Sulforaphane Sulforaphane is under investigation for the treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder. It is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate found in high concentration in a variety of broccoli. Tempol Tempol has been used in trials studying the treatment of Anal Cancer. Propyl Gallate Propyl Gallate is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01450098 (A Study of LY2484595 in Healthy Subjects). Oltipraz Oltipraz has been used in trials studying the treatment and prevention of Lung Cancer, Liver Fibrosis, Liver Cirrhosis, and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Apocynin Acetovanillone has been used in trials studying the treatment of Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Tocotrienol Tocotrienol has been investigated for the treatment of Cholesterol Lowering. Gusperimus Gusperimus has been used in trials studying the treatment of Lupus Nephritis, Wegeners Granulomatosis, and Wegener's Granulomatosis. Phenethyl Isothiocyanate Phenethyl Isothiocyanate has been used in trials studying the prevention and treatment of Leukemia, Lung Cancer, Tobacco Use Disorder, and Lymphoproliferative Disorders. Methylselenocysteine Methylselenocysteine has been used in trials studying the prevention of Prostate Carcinoma and No Evidence of Disease. Butylphthalide Butylphthalide has been used in trials studying the prevention of Restenosis. Hydroxytyrosol Hydroxytyrosol has been used in trials studying the prevention of Breast Cancer. Higenamine Higenamine is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01451229 (Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Higenamine in Chinese Healthy Subjects). Eliprodil Eliprodil has been used in trials studying the treatment of Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders. Buthionine Sulfoximine Buthionine Sulfoximine has been used in trials studying the treatment of Neuroblastoma and Melanoma (Skin). Indole-3-carbinol Indole 3 Carbinol is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00033345 (Indole-3-Carbinol in Preventing Breast Cancer in Nonsmoking Women Who Are at High Risk For Breast Cancer). Deoxyspergualin Deoxyspergualin has been used in trials studying the treatment of Lupus Nephritis, Chronic Rejection, and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1. Acteoside Acteoside is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02662283 (Validity and Security of Reh-acteoside Therapy for Patients of IgA Nephropathy). Tirilazad Tirilazad has been used in trials studying the treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. Irsogladine Irsogladine is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02581696 (The Drug-drug Interaction and Safety of Lafutidine and Irsogladine Maleate in Healthy Adult Volunteers). Nefiracetam Nefiracetam has been used in trials studying the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Gacyclidine Gacyclidine has been used in trials studying the treatment of Tinnitus. Chromanol Chromanol has been used in trials studying the treatment of Prostate Cancer. Phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine is a naturally occuring substance that is found predominantly in the skeletal muscles of vertebrates. Its primary utility within the body is to serve in the maintanence and recycling... Cymarin Not Annotated Olaflur Olaflur which is also referred to as elmex gel is an ingredient used in toothpaste which helps in the prevention of dental caries. Proscillaridin Proscillaridin is a cardiac glycoside that is derived from plants of the genus Scilla and in Drimia maritima (Scilla maritima). Studies suggest the potential cytotoxic and anticancer property of proscillaridin,... Ibopamine Not Annotated Dimethylphthalate Not Annotated Oxyfedrine Not Annotated Metildigoxin Not Annotated Nizofenone Not Annotated 4-dimethylaminophenol Not Annotated Montmorillonite Not Annotated Meclofenoxate Not Annotated Prenalterol Not Annotated Linopirdine Not Annotated Fosfructose Not Annotated alpha-Tocopherol succinate A form of vitamin E used to treat and prevent vitamin deficiencies. alpha-Tocopherol acetate A form of vitamin E used to treat and prevent vitamin deficiencies. Pentetic acid DTPA is widely used in industry and medicine. As a medical agent, it is approved for its use in medical imaging and for the decorporation of internally deposited radionuclides. It... Sodium bisulfite Sodium bisulfite has been used externally for parasitic skin diseases and as gastrointestinal antiseptic. Tetrachlorodecaoxide Investigated for use/treatment in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and aids-related infections, cancer/tumors (unspecified), HIV infection, and inflammatory disorders (unspecified). Tocopherylquinone Not Annotated Cinnamaldehyde Cinnamaldehyde is approved by the FDA for use within allergenic epicutaneous patch tests which are indicated for use as an aid in the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in... N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Not Annotated 4-(Isopropylamino)diphenylamine 4-(Isopropylamino)diphenylamine is approved for use within allergenic epicutaneous patch tests which are indicated for use as an aid in the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in persons 6 years... Cobalt chloride Not Annotated Turmeric Turmeric is a plant/plant extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products. It is not an approved drug. Calcium ascorbate Not Available Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate A water soluble corticosteroid used to treat severe allergic reactions, dermatologic diseases, endocrine disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, hematological disorders, neoplastic diseases, nervous system conditions, ophthalmic diseases, renal diseases, respiratory diseases, and rheumatic disorders. Dextrorphan Not Annotated Kojic acid Not Available Cholesterol sulfate Component of human seminal plasma & spermatozoa. Monofluorophosphate ion Not Available Ebselen Ebselen has been investigated for the treatment and basic science of Meniere's Disease, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Almitrine For the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Diethyltryptamine Diethyltryptamine (DET) is an orally active hallucinogenic agent and a substituted form of tryptamine. Silibinin Currently being tested as a treatment of severe intoxications with hepatotoxic substances, such as death cap (Amanita phalloides) poisoning. Dexpramipexole Dexpramipexole is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01511029 (Study to Evaluate the QTC Interval in Healthy Volunteers Dosed With Dexpramipexole (QTC = Electrocardiogram (ECG) Interval Measured From the Onset of... Biochanin A Biochanin A is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02174666 (Isoflavone Treatment for Postmenopausal Osteopenia.). gamma-Tocopherol gamma-Tocopherol is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00836368 (In Vitro Basophil Responsiveness to Allergen Challenge After Gamma-tocopherol Supplementation in Allergic Asthmatics). Carvedilol A non selective beta-adrenergic antagonist used to treat mild to severe chronic heart failure, hypertension, and left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction in clinically stable patients. Eucalyptol A common ingredient in mouthwash and cosmetics derived naturally from the eucalyptus plant that is frequently used to to improve symptoms of airway mucus hypersecretion. 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone Not Available Teduglutide A glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analog used to treat patients with Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) who require parenteral nutritional support. Octisalate Ingredient in sunscreens for protection against damage effects of sun light, provides protection from sunburns, aging and skin cancer. Homosalate As ingredient in many sunscreen for protection against sunburn, skin aging and skin cancer. Peruvoside Not Annotated Afamelanotide An injectable subcutaneous implant used to mitigate phototoxicity secondary to erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP). Cyclo(his-pro) Not Available Tricetin Not Available Bisphenol A Not Available t-Butylhydroquinone Not Available Droloxifene Not Annotated Maritime pine extract Not Annotated 2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid Not Annotated Garlic oil Not Annotated Baicalein Baicalein is under investigation in clinical trial NCT03830684 (A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter and Phase ⅡA Clinical Trial for the Effectiveness and Safety of Baicalein Tablets in the Treatment of... Sodium copper chlorophyllin Sodium copper chlorophyllin (SCC) is a water-soluble and bright green mixture derived from natural chlorophyll that has potential antimutagenic and antioxidant properties . This compound is used as a food... Cerebrolysin A proteolytic protein indicated in the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders. Vitis vinifera seed Not Annotated Glyceryl laurate Not Annotated - Drugs & Drug Targets