Physiological Phenomena
- Name
- Physiological Phenomena
- Accession Number
- DBCAT000235
- Description
The functions and properties of living organisms, including both the physical and chemical factors and processes, supporting life in single- or multi-cell organisms from their origin through the progression of life.
- Drugs
Drug Drug Description Pyridoxal phosphate A vitamin available in many formulations to correct vitamin B6 deficiency. Biotin A B-complex vitamin found in many multivitamin products. Ascorbic acid A vitamin used to correct vitamin C deficiency and to increase the intestinal absorption of iron. Calcitriol An active metabolite of vitamin D that is used to treat hyperparathyroidism and is also used in dialysis patients to combat hypocalcemia. Thiamine A vitamin used to correct vitamin B1 deficiency. Ergocalciferol A vitamin found in many supplement products. Vitamin A A vitamin important for retinal function that is used clinically to correct vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin E An antioxidant vitamin used in many skin creams and multivitamin preparations. Cholecalciferol A form of Vitamin D used in the treatment of specific medical conditions such as refractory rickets, hypoparathyroidism, and familial hypophosphatemia, as well as osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease. Niacin A B vitamin used to treat hypertriglyceridemia and pellagra. Phylloquinone A fat soluble vitamin used to treat hemorrhagic conditions in infants and coumarin overdoses. Omega-3-acid ethyl esters A mixture of fatty acids used as an adjunct to diet to reduce triglyceride (TG) levels in adult patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia. Casein An extract from Casein used in allergy testing. D-glucose A most commonly occurring isomer of glucose used as a carbohydrate supplementation in case of nutrient deprivation and metabolic disorders, such as hypoglycemia. Calcifediol An active metabolite of vitamin D used to treat hyperparathyroidism as well as to combat hypocalcemia in dialysis patients. Aspartame Used as a diet supplement and sugar substitute. Menadione The primary known function of vitamin K is to assist in the normal clotting of blood, but it may also play a role in normal bone calcification. Mannitol A sugar alcohol used to test for asthma, to reduce intracranial and intraocular pressure, to measure glomerular filtration rate, and to manage pulmonary symptoms associated with cystic fibrosis. Edetic acid A chelating agent used to treat mercury and lead toxicity and some blood transfusion dependent anemias. Dihydrotachysterol A synthetic analog of vitamin D that does not require renal activation like vitamin D2 or Vitamin D3. Iron An essential element commonly used for the treatment of patients with documented iron deficiency. Zinc An essential element commonly used for the treatment of patients with documented zinc deficiency. Sorbitol A product that can be used as a laxative to relieve constipation, and also as a urologic irrigating fluid. May also be used as a pharmaceutical sweetener. Sucrose A nonreducing disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose linked via their anomeric carbons. It is obtained commercially from sugarcane, sugar beet (beta vulgaris), and other plants and used extensively as... Maltose A sugar used as a sweetener and an inactive ingredient in drug products. Benzoic acid An antimicrobial food additive. Eucalyptol A common ingredient in mouthwash and cosmetics derived naturally from the eucalyptus plant that is frequently used to to improve symptoms of airway mucus hypersecretion. Betadex Not Available Ergosterol A steroid of interest both because its biosynthesis in FUNGI is a target of ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS, notably AZOLES, and because when it is present in SKIN of animals, ULTRAVIOLET RAYS... Fructose Not Available Lactose An additive and filler found in various products to maintain structure and consistency. Doxercalciferol A synthetic vitamin D2 analog used to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease with or without therapy of dialysis. Beta carotene A vitamin A precursor found in various nutritional supplements and health products. Manganese A transition metal used for supplementation of manganese during Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). Ubiquinone Q2 Not Available Dehydroascorbic acid There is no approved indication for dehydroascorbic acid, but it has potential therapeutic use in patients with certain viruses and ischemic stroke. Nitrous acid An iron binder used to reverse life-threatening acute cyanide poisoning. Copper A transition metal found in a variety of supplements and vitamins, including intravenous solutions for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Sodium citrate An ingredient used for the anticoagulation of whole blood as part of automated apheresis procedures. Ubidecarenone A cofactor found in various dietary supplements. Invert sugar Invert sugar presents a large variety of uses. It can be used therapeutically for parenteral hyperalimentation or to be used as an excipient with a known effect. Invert sugar is... Soybean oil An oil used as a source of calories and essential fatty acids in selected patients for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy and prevention of essential fatty acid deficiency. Safflower oil No approved therapeutic indications. Olive oil For use in adults as a source of calories and fatty acids in total parenteral nutrition [FDA Label]. Sometimes used as an additive in cosmetic products. Wheat bran An extract from Wheat bran used in allergy testing. Selenic acid An ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins. Cocoa butter Indicated for topical use in over-the-counter skin products for the treatment of skin dryness and reduction of striae gravidarum (stretch marks). Calcium citrate An ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins. Vitamin D An ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins. Selenious acid An ingredient found in supplements, vitamins, parenteral nutrition, and dandruff shampoo. Cupric oxide An ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins. Selenium An ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins. Chromium An ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins. Molybdenum An ingredient found in a variety of supplements and vitamins. Pectin Pectin is used in food as a gelling agent and stabilizer. As a medical drug, it has obtained a great interest in its potential use as a source of dietary... Sesame oil Sesame oil is a commonly used vegetable oil in Asia and flavoring enhancer in various culinary practices. It is extracted from sesame seeds and contains linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic... Xylitol An ingredient added to dental products to remove bacteria. Boron Boron (B) is a chemical element with an atomic number 5 that belongs in the Period 2 and Group 13 in the periodic table. It is a low-abundant metalloid that... Tocopherol Tocopherol can be used as a dietary supplement for patients with a deficit of vitamin E; this is mainly prescribed in the alpha form. Vitamin E deficiency is rare, and... Xanthan gum Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide gum derived from* Xanthomonas campestris* by a pure-culture fermentation process and purified by recovery with isopropyl alcohol. The major constituents include D-glucose, D-mannose, and D-glucuronic... Cod liver oil An ingredient found in a variety of nutritional products. Saccharin A non-nutritive artificial sweetener for sweetening foods and drinks. Steviolbioside Steviolbioside has been used in trials studying the treatment of HIV-1 Infection. Tocotrienol Tocotrienol has been investigated for the treatment of Cholesterol Lowering. Levoglucose Levoglucose has been used in trials studying the diagnostic of Bowel Cleansing Prior to Colonoscopy. Silicon A micronutrient indicated in nutritional products to treat or prevent silicon deficiencies. Vanadium A micronutrient used in some multivitamins and parenteral nutrition. alpha-Tocopherol succinate A form of vitamin E used to treat and prevent vitamin deficiencies. D-alpha-Tocopherol acetate A form of vitamin E used to treat and prevent vitamin deficiencies. alpha-Tocopherol acetate A form of vitamin E used to treat and prevent vitamin deficiencies. Cinnamaldehyde Cinnamaldehyde is approved by the FDA for use within allergenic epicutaneous patch tests which are indicated for use as an aid in the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in... Green tea leaf Green tea leaf is a plant/plant extract used in some OTC (over-the-counter) products. It is not an approved drug. Sodium ascorbate Not Available Calcium ascorbate Not Available Magnesium ascorbate Not Available Ferrous ascorbate A medication used to treat iron-deficiency anemia. Ferrous fumarate A medication used to treat iron-deficiency anemia. Cobalt A metal element used in various nutritional products. Edetate calcium disodium anhydrous A chelating agent used to treat lead poisoning. Polydextrose Polydextrose is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02258750 (Assessing a Polydextrose Containing Soup on Food Intake, Appetite and Biomarkers of Satiation and Satiety). Menaquinone 6 Menaquinone 6 is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01194778 (Comparison of Efficacy of Different Dosages Vitamin K2). Sucralose Sucralose is an artificial sweetener used as a sugar substitute. Menaquinone Menaquinone is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01533441 (Vitamin K2 Intervention in Patients With Vitamin K Antagonists). gamma-Tocopherol gamma-Tocopherol is under investigation in clinical trial NCT00836368 (In Vitro Basophil Responsiveness to Allergen Challenge After Gamma-tocopherol Supplementation in Allergic Asthmatics). Cryptoxanthin Not Annotated Anethole An excipient added to medications for flavouring. Menadione bisulfite Not Annotated - Drugs & Drug Targets