Fulvestrant
Explore a selection of our essential drug information below, or:
Identification
- Summary
Fulvestrant is an estrogen receptor antagonist used to treat HR+ breast cancer that may also be HER2-.
- Brand Names
- Faslodex
- Generic Name
- Fulvestrant
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00947
- Background
Fulvestrant is a drug treatment of hormone receptor (HR)-positive metastatic breast cancer in post-menopausal women with disease progression following anti-estrogen therapy. It is an estrogen receptor antagonist with no agonist effects, which works both by down-regulating and by degrading the estrogen receptor. While it is used as monotherapy for the treatment of breast cancers, it is also used in combination with alpelisib for the treatment of HR-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, PIK3CA-mutated, advanced or metastatic breast cancer
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
- Weight
- Average: 606.78
Monoisotopic: 606.316607362 - Chemical Formula
- C32H47F5O3S
- Synonyms
- (7α,17β)-7-{9-[(4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl]nonyl}estra-1(10),2,4-triene-3,17-diol
- Fulvestrant
- External IDs
- ICI 182,780
- ICI 182780
- ICI-182780
- ZD-9238
- ZD9238
Pharmacology
- Indication
For the treatment of hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women with disease progression following anti-estrogen therapy, as monotherapy or in combination with other antineoplastic agents.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Treatment of Advanced breast cancer •••••••••••• •••••••••••••• ••••• ••••••••• •••••••• •••••••••••• ••••••• ••••••••• Treatment of Advanced breast cancer •••••••••••• •••••••••••••• ••••••••• Used in combination to treat Advanced or metastatic breast cancer Regimen in combination with: Alpelisib (DB12015) •••••••••••• •••••••••••••• •••••• •••• ••••••••• ••••••• ••••••••••• ••••• ••••••••• ••••••• ••••••••• Used in combination to treat Advanced or metastatic breast cancer Regimen in combination with: Alpelisib (DB12015) •••••••••••• ••••••• ••••••••••• ••••• ••••••••• •••••••• •••• •••• •••••••• ••••••••• Used in combination to treat Advanced or metastatic breast cancer Regimen in combination with: Abemaciclib (DB12001) •••••••••••• ••••• ••••••••• •••••••• •••••••••••• ••••••• ••••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
- Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API
- Pharmacodynamics
Fulvestrant for intramuscular administration is an estrogen receptor antagonist without known agonist effects.
- Mechanism of action
Fulvestrant competitively and reversibly binds to estrogen receptors present in cancer cells and achieves its anti-estrogen effects through two separate mechanisms. First, fulvestrant binds to the receptors and downregulates them so that estrogen is no longer able to bind to these receptors. Second, fulvestrant degrades the estrogen receptors to which it is bound. Both of these mechanisms inhibit the growth of tamoxifen-resistant as well as estrogen-sensitive human breast cancer cell lines.
Target Actions Organism AEstrogen receptor antagonistHumans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
- 3 to 5 L/kg
- Protein binding
99% (mainly VLDL, LDL, and HDL)
- Metabolism
Metabolism of fulvestrant appears to involve combinations of a number of possible biotransformation pathways analogous to those of endogenous steroids, including oxidation, aromatic hydroxylation, conjugation with glucuronic acid and/or sulphate at the 2, 3 and 17 positions of the steroid nucleus, and oxidation of the side chain sulphoxide. Identified metabolites are either less active or exhibit similar activity to fulvestrant in antiestrogen models. Studies using human liver preparations and recombinant human enzymes indicate that cytochrome P-450 3A4 (CYP 3A4) is the only P-450 isoenzyme involved in the oxidation of fulvestrant; however, the relative contribution of P-450 and non-P-450 routes in vivo is unknown.
- Route of elimination
Fulvestrant was rapidly cleared by the hepatobiliary route with excretion primarily via the feces (approximately 90%). Renal elimination was negligible (less than 1%).
- Half-life
40 days
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
- Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.
- Toxicity
There is no clinical experience with overdosage in humans.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAdenine The metabolism of Fulvestrant can be decreased when combined with Adenine. Ambroxol The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Fulvestrant is combined with Ambroxol. Amitriptyline The metabolism of Fulvestrant can be decreased when combined with Amitriptyline. Articaine The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Fulvestrant is combined with Articaine. Asciminib The metabolism of Fulvestrant can be decreased when combined with Asciminib. - Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
- Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Act Fulvestrant Solution 50 mg / mL Intramuscular Actavis Pharma Company Not applicable Not applicable Canada Faslodex Injection, solution 250 mg/5ml Intramuscular Astra Zeneca Ab 2016-09-20 Not applicable EU Faslodex Injection 50 mg/1mL Intramuscular AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP 2010-11-01 Not applicable US Faslodex Injection, solution 250 mg/5ml Intramuscular Astra Zeneca Ab 2016-09-20 Not applicable EU Faslodex Solution 50 mg / mL Intramuscular Astra Zeneca 2004-06-14 Not applicable Canada - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Apo-fulvestrant Solution 50 mg / mL Intramuscular Apotex Corporation Not applicable Not applicable Canada Fulvestrant Injection 50 mg/1mL Intramuscular Sandoz Inc 2023-07-01 Not applicable US Fulvestrant Injection 50 mg/1mL Intramuscular Northstar RxLLC 2019-05-29 2022-05-22 US Fulvestrant Injection 50 mg/1mL Intramuscular AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP 2019-10-08 2023-03-31 US Fulvestrant Injection 50 mg/1mL Intramuscular NorthStar Rx LLC 2019-11-21 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- L02BA03 — Fulvestrant
- Drug Categories
- Anti-Estrogens
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
- Antineoplastic and Immunomodulating Agents
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Endocrine Therapy
- Estradiol Congeners
- Estranes
- Estrenes
- Estrogen Antagonists
- Estrogen Receptor Antagonists
- Fused-Ring Compounds
- Gonadal Hormones
- Gonadal Steroid Hormones
- Hormone Antagonists
- Hormone Antagonists and Related Agents
- Hormones
- Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
- Steroids
- UGT1A1 Substrates
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as estrogens and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure containing a 3-hydroxylated estrane.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Lipids and lipid-like molecules
- Class
- Steroids and steroid derivatives
- Sub Class
- Estrane steroids
- Direct Parent
- Estrogens and derivatives
- Alternative Parents
- 3-hydroxysteroids / 17-hydroxysteroids / Phenanthrenes and derivatives / Tetralins / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids / Sulfoxides / Secondary alcohols / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives / Sulfinyl compounds / Organofluorides show 3 more
- Substituents
- 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid / 17-hydroxysteroid / 3-hydroxysteroid / Alcohol / Alkyl fluoride / Alkyl halide / Aromatic homopolycyclic compound / Benzenoid / Cyclic alcohol / Estrogen-skeleton show 13 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic homopolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 22X328QOC4
- CAS number
- 129453-61-8
- InChI Key
- VWUXBMIQPBEWFH-WCCTWKNTSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C32H47F5O3S/c1-30-17-15-26-25-12-11-24(38)21-23(25)20-22(29(26)27(30)13-14-28(30)39)10-7-5-3-2-4-6-8-18-41(40)19-9-16-31(33,34)32(35,36)37/h11-12,21-22,26-29,38-39H,2-10,13-20H2,1H3/t22-,26-,27+,28+,29-,30+,41?/m1/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (1S,3aS,3bR,4R,9bS,11aS)-11a-methyl-4-[9-(4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentanesulfinyl)nonyl]-1H,2H,3H,3aH,3bH,4H,5H,9bH,10H,11H,11aH-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-1,7-diol
- SMILES
- [H][C@@]12CC[C@H](O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@]1([H])C3=CC=C(O)C=C3C[C@@H](CCCCCCCCCS(=O)CCCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F)[C@@]21[H]
References
- General References
- Kansra S, Yamagata S, Sneade L, Foster L, Ben-Jonathan N: Differential effects of estrogen receptor antagonists on pituitary lactotroph proliferation and prolactin release. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2005 Jul 15;239(1-2):27-36. [Article]
- Kabos P, Borges VF: Fulvestrant: a unique antiendocrine agent for estrogen-sensitive breast cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010 Apr;11(5):807-16. doi: 10.1517/14656561003641982. [Article]
- Bross PF, Cohen MH, Williams GA, Pazdur R: FDA drug approval summaries: fulvestrant. Oncologist. 2002;7(6):477-80. [Article]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0015082
- KEGG Drug
- D01161
- PubChem Compound
- 17756771
- PubChem Substance
- 46508664
- ChemSpider
- 94553
- BindingDB
- 50238741
- 282357
- ChEBI
- 31638
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1358
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000319
- PharmGKB
- PA164747170
- Guide to Pharmacology
- GtP Drug Page
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Fulvestrant
- FDA label
- Download (520 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count Start Date Why Stopped 100+ additional columns Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample dataNot Available Active Not Recruiting Not Available Advanced Breast Cancer / Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer / Human Epidermal Growth Factor 2 Negative Carcinoma of Breast / Luminal Breast Cancer / Metastatic Breast Cancer 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Completed Not Available Breast Cancer 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Completed Not Available Breast Neoplasms 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Completed Not Available Breast / Females / Malignant Neoplasm 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Completed Not Available Circulating Tumor DNA / Gene Abnormality / Metastatic Breast Cancer 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Astrazeneca pharmaceuticals lp
- Packagers
- AstraZeneca Inc.
- Vetter Pharma Fertigung GmbH and Co. KG
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Injection Intramuscular 50 MG/ML Injection, solution Intramuscular; Parenteral 250 MG/5ML Solution Intramuscular 0.250 g Solution Intramuscular 50 mg / mL Injection, solution Intramuscular 50 mg/ml Injection, solution Intramuscular Solution Intramuscular 250.00 mg Injection Intramuscular 250 mg/5mL Injection Intramuscular 50 mg/1mL Injection Intravenous 50 mg/1mL Injection, solution Intramuscular 250 mg/5mL Injection, solution Intramuscular 50 mg/1mL Solution Intramuscular 250 mg Injection, solution Parenteral Injection, solution Intramuscular 250 mg Injection, solution Intramuscular; Parenteral 250 MG Injection, solution Parenteral 250 mg Injection, solution Injection, solution 250 MG Injection, solution Parenteral 250 mg/5ml Solution Intramuscular 250.000 mg Solution Intramuscular 250 mg/5ml Injection, solution 250 mg/5ml - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Faslodex 125 mg/2.5 ml syringe 240.83USD ml DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region CA2351004 No 2003-02-18 2021-01-08 Canada US6774122 Yes 2004-08-10 2021-07-09 US US7456160 Yes 2008-11-25 2021-07-09 US US8329680 Yes 2012-12-11 2021-07-09 US US8466139 Yes 2013-06-18 2021-07-09 US US10188663 No 2019-01-29 2034-02-14 US US9271990 No 2016-03-01 2034-05-17 US US9833459 No 2017-12-05 2034-02-14 US
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source logP 8.9 Not Available - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.00672 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 6.54 ALOGPS logP 7.57 Chemaxon logS -5 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 10.32 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) -0.88 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 2 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 57.53 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 15 Chemaxon Refractivity 155.34 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 65.88 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 4 Chemaxon Bioavailability 0 Chemaxon Rule of Five No Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule Yes Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 1.0 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9217 Caco-2 permeable - 0.5095 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.722 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.6251 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.967 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.7568 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.7667 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.7737 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.6945 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.6842 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9071 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9231 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.658 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.7959 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.6701 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.6318 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.75 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 1.0 Rat acute toxicity 2.6310 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.6158 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Inhibitor 0.7955
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 264.2973517 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 241.36281 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 264.4617517 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 243.70566 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 262.6989517 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 249.56682 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial association with multiprotein coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs of their respective components. Mutual transrepression occurs between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-kappa-B in a cell-type specific manner. Decreases NF-kappa-B DNA-binding activity and inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription from the IL6 promoter and displace RELA/p65 and associated coregulators from the promoter. Recruited to the NF-kappa-B response element of the CCL2 and IL8 promoters and can displace CREBBP. Present with NF-kappa-B components RELA/p65 and NFKB1/p50 on ERE sequences. Can also act synergistically with NF-kappa-B to activate transcription involving respective recruitment adjacent response elements; the function involves CREBBP. Can activate the transcriptional activity of TFF1. Also mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling involving various kinase cascades. Essential for MTA1-mediated transcriptional regulation of BRCA1 and BCAS3 (PubMed:17922032). Maintains neuronal survival in response to ischemic reperfusion injury when in the presence of circulating estradiol (17-beta-estradiol/E2) (By similarity)
- Specific Function
- 14-3-3 protein binding
- Gene Name
- ESR1
- Uniprot ID
- P03372
- Uniprot Name
- Estrogen receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 66215.45 Da
References
- Curran M, Wiseman L: Fulvestrant. Drugs. 2001;61(6):807-13; discussion 814. [Article]
- Elkak AE, Mokbel K: Pure antiestrogens and breast cancer. Curr Med Res Opin. 2001;17(4):282-9. [Article]
- Dow KH: Existing and emerging endocrine therapies for breast cancer. Cancer Nurs. 2002 Apr;25 Suppl 2:6S-11S. [Article]
- Bundred N, Howell A: Fulvestrant (Faslodex): current status in the therapy of breast cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2002 Apr;2(2):151-60. [Article]
- Morris C, Wakeling A: Fulvestrant ('Faslodex')--a new treatment option for patients progressing on prior endocrine therapy. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2002 Dec;9(4):267-76. [Article]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
- Kabos P, Borges VF: Fulvestrant: a unique antiendocrine agent for estrogen-sensitive breast cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010 Apr;11(5):807-16. doi: 10.1517/14656561003641982. [Article]
- McKeage K, Curran MP, Plosker GL: Fulvestrant: a review of its use in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women with disease progression following antiestrogen therapy. Drugs. 2004;64(6):633-48. [Article]
- Jones SE, Pippen J: Effectiveness and tolerability of fulvestrant in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer. 2005 Apr;6 Suppl 1:S9-14. [Article]
- Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yu X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Qiu Y, Chen Y, Zhu F: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database describing target druggability information. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 5;52(D1):D1465-D1477. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad751. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- Curator comments
- The FDA label for Fluvesrant indicates that this enzyme action is unlikely to be involved in any drug interactions. No dose adjustments are recommended.
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of sterols, steroid hormones, retinoids and fatty acids (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20702771, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2, as well as D-ring hydroxylated E1 and E2 at the C-16 position (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the metabolism of androgens, particularly in oxidative deactivation of testosterone (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:22773874, PubMed:2732228). Metabolizes testosterone to less biologically active 2beta- and 6beta-hydroxytestosterones (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:2732228). Contributes to the formation of hydroxycholesterols (oxysterols), particularly A-ring hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-4beta position, and side chain hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-25 position, likely contributing to cholesterol degradation and bile acid biosynthesis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:19965576). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:20702771). Plays a role in the metabolism of retinoids. Displays high catalytic activity for oxidation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes atRA toward 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Responsible for oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Acts as a 2-exo-monooxygenase for plant lipid 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) (PubMed:11159812). Metabolizes the majority of the administered drugs. Catalyzes sulfoxidation of the anthelmintics albendazole and fenbendazole (PubMed:10759686). Hydroxylates antimalarial drug quinine (PubMed:8968357). Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase (PubMed:11695850). Also involved in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Catalyzes the inactivation of the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) (PubMed:29461981)
- Specific Function
- 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Robertson JF, Harrison M: Fulvestrant: pharmacokinetics and pharmacology. Br J Cancer. 2004 Mar;90 Suppl 1:S7-10. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601630. [Article]
- Rocca A, Maltoni R, Bravaccini S, Donati C, Andreis D: Clinical utility of fulvestrant in the treatment of breast cancer: a report on the emerging clinical evidence. Cancer Manag Res. 2018 Aug 30;10:3083-3099. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S137772. eCollection 2018. [Article]
- Fluvestrant FDA label [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) that catalyzes phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase the metabolite's water solubility, thereby facilitating excretion into either the urine or bile (PubMed:12181437, PubMed:15472229, PubMed:18004206, PubMed:18004212, PubMed:18719240, PubMed:19830808, PubMed:23288867). Essential for the elimination and detoxification of drugs, xenobiotics and endogenous compounds (PubMed:12181437, PubMed:18004206, PubMed:18004212). Catalyzes the glucuronidation of endogenous estrogen hormones such as estradiol, estrone and estriol (PubMed:15472229, PubMed:18719240, PubMed:23288867). Involved in the glucuronidation of bilirubin, a degradation product occurring in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in vertebrates (PubMed:17187418, PubMed:18004206, PubMed:19830808, PubMed:24525562). Also catalyzes the glucuronidation the isoflavones genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, biochanin A and prunetin, which are phytoestrogens with anticancer and cardiovascular properties (PubMed:18052087, PubMed:19545173). Involved in the glucuronidation of the AGTR1 angiotensin receptor antagonist losartan, a drug which can inhibit the effect of angiotensin II (PubMed:18674515). Involved in the biotransformation of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), the pharmacologically active metabolite of the anticancer drug irinotecan (PubMed:12181437, PubMed:18004212, PubMed:20610558)
- Specific Function
- Enzyme binding
- Gene Name
- UGT1A1
- Uniprot ID
- P22309
- Uniprot Name
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1
- Molecular Weight
- 59590.91 Da
References
- Dancygier H. (2010). Clinical Hepatology. Springer-Verlag. [ISBN:978-3-642-04509-7]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at September 18, 2024 17:45