Sex hormone-binding globulin

Details

Name
Sex hormone-binding globulin
Kind
protein
Synonyms
  • ABP
  • SBP
  • Sex steroid-binding protein
  • SHBG
  • TeBG
  • Testis-specific androgen-binding protein
  • Testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin
  • Testosterone-estrogen-binding globulin
Gene Name
SHBG
UniProtKB Entry
P04278Swiss-Prot
Organism
Humans
NCBI Taxonomy ID
9606
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0001366|Sex hormone-binding globulin
MESRGPLATSRLLLLLLLLLLRHTRQGWALRPVLPTQSAHDPPAVHLSNGPGQEPIAVMT
FDLTKITKTSSSFEVRTWDPEGVIFYGDTNPKDDWFMLGLRDGRPEIQLHNHWAQLTVGA
GPRLDDGRWHQVEVKMEGDSVLLEVDGEEVLRLRQVSGPLTSKRHPIMRIALGGLLFPAS
NLRLPLVPALDGCLRRDSWLDKQAEISASAPTSLRSCDVESNPGIFLPPGTQAEFNLRDI
PQPHAEPWAFSLDLGLKQAAGSGHLLALGTPENPSWLSLHLQDQKVVLSSGSGPGLDLPL
VLGLPLQLKLSMSRVVLSQGSKMKALALPPLGLAPLLNLWAKPQGRLFLGALPGEDSSTS
FCLNGLWAQGQRLDVDQALNRSHEIWTHSCPQSPGNGTDASH
Number of residues
402
Molecular Weight
43778.755
Theoretical pI
6.7
GO Classification
Functions
steroid binding
General Function
Functions as an androgen transport protein, but may also be involved in receptor mediated processes. Each dimer binds one molecule of steroid. Specific for 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, and 17-beta-estradiol. Regulates the plasma metabolic clearance rate of steroid hormones by controlling their plasma concentration
Specific Function
androgen binding
Pfam Domain Function
Signal Regions
1-29
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Secreted
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010477|Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)
ATGGAGAGCAGAGGCCCACTGGCTACCTCGCGCCTGCTGCTGTTGCTGCTGTTGCTACTA
CTGCGTCACACCCGCCAGGGATGGGCCCTGAGACCTGTTCTCCCCACCCAGAGTGCCCAC
GACCCTCCGGCTGTCCACCTCAGCAATGGCCCAGGACAAGAGCCTATCGCTGTCATGACC
TTTGACCTCACCAAGATCACAAAAACCTCCTCCTCCTTTGAGGTTCGAACCTGGGACCCA
GAGGGAGTGATTTTTTATGGGGATACCAACCCTAAGGATGACTGGTTTATGCTGGGACTT
CGAGACGGCAGGCCTGAGATCCAACTGCACAATCACTGGGCCCAGCTTACGGTGGGTGCT
GGACCACGGCTGGATGATGGGAGATGGCACCAGGTGGAAGTCAAGATGGAGGGGGACTCT
GTGCTGCTGGAGGTGGATGGGGAGGAGGTGCTGCGCCTGAGACAGGTCTCTGGGCCCCTG
ACCAGCAAACGCCATCCCATCATGAGGATTGCGCTTGGGGGGCTGCTCTTCCCCGCTTCC
AACCTTCGGTTGCCGCTGGTTCCTGCCCTGGATGGCTGCCTGCGCCGGGATTCCTGGCTG
GACAAACAGGCCGAGATCTCAGCATCTGCCCCCACTAGCCTCAGAAGCTGTGATGTAGAA
TCAAATCCCGGGATATTTCTCCCTCCAGGGACTCAGGCAGAATTCAATCTCCGAGACATT
CCCCAGCCTCATGCAGAGCCCTGGGCCTTCTCTTTGGACCTGGGACTCAAGCAGGCAGCA
GGCTCAGGCCACCTCCTTGCTCTTGGGACACCAGAGAACCCATCTTGGCTCAGTCTCCAC
CTCCAAGATCAAAAGGTGGTGTTGTCTTCTGGGTCGGGGCCAGGGCTGGATCTGCCCCTG
GTCTTGGGACTCCCTCTTCAGCTGAAGCTGAGTATGTCCAGGGTGGTCTTGAGCCAAGGG
TCGAAGATGAAGGCCCTTGCCCTGCCTCCCTTAGGCCTGGCTCCCCTCCTTAACCTCTGG
GCCAAGCCTCAAGGGCGTCTCTTCCTGGGGGCTTTACCAGGAGAAGACTCTTCCACCTCT
TTTTGCCTGAATGGCCTTTGGGCACAAGGTCAGAGGCTGGATGTGGACCAGGCCCTGAAC
AGAAGCCATGAGATCTGGACTCACAGCTGCCCCCAGAGCCCAGGCAATGGCACTGACGCT
TCCCATTAA
Chromosome Location
17
Locus
17p13.1
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDP04278
UniProtKB Entry NameSHBG_HUMAN
GenBank Protein ID296673
GenBank Gene IDX16349
GeneCard IDSHBG
GenAtlas IDSHBG
HGNC IDHGNC:10839
PDB ID(s)1D2S, 1F5F, 1KDK, 1KDM, 1LHN, 1LHO, 1LHU, 1LHV, 1LHW, 6PYA, 6PYB, 6PYF, 6ULB
KEGG IDhsa:6462
NCBI Gene ID6462
General References
  1. Gershagen S, Lundwall A, Fernlund P: Characterization of the human sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) gene and demonstration of two transcripts in both liver and testis. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Nov 25;17(22):9245-58. [Article]
  2. Hammond GL, Underhill DA, Rykse HM, Smith CL: The human sex hormone-binding globulin gene contains exons for androgen-binding protein and two other testicular messenger RNAs. Mol Endocrinol. 1989 Nov;3(11):1869-76. [Article]
  3. Jin P, Fu GK, Wilson AD, Yang J, Chien D, Hawkins PR, Au-Young J, Stuve LL: PCR isolation and cloning of novel splice variant mRNAs from known drug target genes. Genomics. 2004 Apr;83(4):566-71. [Article]
  4. Zody MC, Garber M, Adams DJ, Sharpe T, Harrow J, Lupski JR, Nicholson C, Searle SM, Wilming L, Young SK, Abouelleil A, Allen NR, Bi W, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Bugalter BE, Butler J, Chang JL, Chen CK, Cook A, Corum B, Cuomo CA, de Jong PJ, DeCaprio D, Dewar K, FitzGerald M, Gilbert J, Gibson R, Gnerre S, Goldstein S, Grafham DV, Grocock R, Hafez N, Hagopian DS, Hart E, Norman CH, Humphray S, Jaffe DB, Jones M, Kamal M, Khodiyar VK, LaButti K, Laird G, Lehoczky J, Liu X, Lokyitsang T, Loveland J, Lui A, Macdonald P, Major JE, Matthews L, Mauceli E, McCarroll SA, Mihalev AH, Mudge J, Nguyen C, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Osoegawa K, Schwartz DC, Shaw-Smith C, Stankiewicz P, Steward C, Swarbreck D, Venkataraman V, Whittaker CA, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Bradley A, Hubbard T, Birren BW, Rogers J, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage. Nature. 2006 Apr 20;440(7087):1045-9. [Article]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [Article]
  6. Hammond GL, Underhill DA, Smith CL, Goping IS, Harley MJ, Musto NA, Cheng CY, Bardin CW: The cDNA-deduced primary structure of human sex hormone-binding globulin and location of its steroid-binding domain. FEBS Lett. 1987 May 4;215(1):100-4. [Article]
  7. Gershagen S, Fernlund P, Lundwall A: A cDNA coding for human sex hormone binding globulin. Homology to vitamin K-dependent protein S. FEBS Lett. 1987 Aug 10;220(1):129-35. [Article]
  8. Que BG, Petra PH: Characterization of a cDNA coding for sex steroid-binding protein of human plasma. FEBS Lett. 1987 Jul 27;219(2):405-9. [Article]
  9. Hammond GL, Robinson PA, Sugino H, Ward DN, Finne J: Physicochemical characteristics of human sex hormone binding globulin: evidence for two identical subunits. J Steroid Biochem. 1986 Apr;24(4):815-24. [Article]
  10. Walsh KA, Titani K, Takio K, Kumar S, Hayes R, Petra PH: Amino acid sequence of the sex steroid binding protein of human blood plasma. Biochemistry. 1986 Nov 18;25(23):7584-90. [Article]
  11. Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG 2nd, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;4(6):2070-80. [Article]
  12. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. doi: 10.1021/pr8008012. [Article]
  13. Power SG, Bocchinfuso WP, Pallesen M, Warmels-Rodenhiser S, Van Baelen H, Hammond GL: Molecular analyses of a human sex hormone-binding globulin variant: evidence for an additional carbohydrate chain. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992 Oct;75(4):1066-70. [Article]
  14. Grishkovskaya I, Avvakumov GV, Sklenar G, Dales D, Hammond GL, Muller YA: Crystal structure of human sex hormone-binding globulin: steroid transport by a laminin G-like domain. EMBO J. 2000 Feb 15;19(4):504-12. [Article]
  15. Grishkovskaya I, Avvakumov GV, Hammond GL, Catalano MG, Muller YA: Steroid ligands bind human sex hormone-binding globulin in specific orientations and produce distinct changes in protein conformation. J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 30;277(35):32086-93. Epub 2002 Jun 13. [Article]
  16. Hardy DO, Carino C, Catterall JF, Larrea F: Molecular characterization of a genetic variant of the steroid hormone-binding globulin gene in heterozygous subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Apr;80(4):1253-6. [Article]
  17. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [Article]

Associated Data

Drug Relations
DrugDrug groupPharmacological action?TypeActionsDetails
DrostanoloneillicitunknowncarrierDetails
Fluoxymesteroneapproved, illicitunknowncarrierantagonistDetails
Hydrocortisoneapproved, vet_approvedunknowncarrierbinderDetails
Estradiolapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowncarrierbinderDetails
DanazolapprovednocarrierantagonistDetails
Stanoloneillicit, investigationalunknowncarrierDetails
5-Alpha-Androstane-3-Beta,17beta-DiolexperimentalunknowncarrierDetails
5alpha-androstane-3beta,17alpha-diolexperimentalunknowncarrierDetails
MitotaneapprovedunknowncarrierupregulatorDetails
2-MethoxyestradiolinvestigationalunknowncarrierDetails
Oxymetholoneapproved, illicitunknowncarrierDetails
Testosteroneapproved, investigationalnocarrierbinderDetails
Estrone sulfateapprovedunknowncarrierDetails
MethyltestosteroneapprovedunknowncarrierDetails
NorethisteroneapprovedunknowncarriersubstrateDetails
Levonorgestrelapproved, investigationalunknowntargetinhibitorbinderDetails
Zincapproved, investigationalunknowntargetDetails
4'-HydroxyflavanoneexperimentalunknowntargetDetails
AfimoxifeneinvestigationalunknowntargetDetails
Clomifeneapproved, investigationalunknowntargetDetails
Dienestrolapproved, investigationalunknowntargetDetails
Diethylstilbestrolapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknowntargetDetails
DioxybenzoneapprovedunknowntargetbinderDetails
EquolinvestigationalunknowntargetDetails
Estriolapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowntargetDetails
EstroneapprovedunknowntargetDetails
GenisteininvestigationalunknowntargetDetails
HesperetinexperimentalunknowntargetDetails
Masoprocolapproved, investigationalunknowntargetDetails
NaringeninexperimentalunknowntargetDetails
NorethynodrelapprovedunknowntargetDetails
Phenolphthaleinapproved, withdrawnunknowntargetDetails
Progesteroneapproved, vet_approvedunknowntargetbinderpotentiatorDetails
Quercetinexperimental, investigationalunknowntargetDetails
TamoxifenapprovedyestargetinducerDetails
Toremifeneapproved, investigationalunknowntargetDetails
Zeranolexperimental, vet_approvedunknowntargetDetails
Medrogestoneapproved, withdrawnnocarrierbinderDetails
Testosterone cypionateapprovednocarrierother/unknownDetails
Testosterone enanthateapprovednocarrierother/unknownDetails
Testosterone undecanoateapproved, investigationalnocarrierbinderDetails
Stanolone acetateexperimentalunknowncarrierDetails
Estradiol acetateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Estradiol benzoateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Estradiol cypionateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Estradiol dienanthateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Estradiol valerateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Testosterone propionateapproved, investigational, vet_approved, withdrawnnocarriersubstrateDetails
GestrinoneapprovedunknowntargetantagonistDetails
Zinc acetateapproved, investigationalunknowntargetDetails
Zinc chlorideapproved, investigationalunknowntargetmodulatorDetails
Hydrocortisone aceponateexperimental, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Hydrocortisone acetateapproved, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Hydrocortisone butyrateapproved, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Hydrocortisone cypionateapproved, investigational, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Hydrocortisone phosphateapproved, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Hydrocortisone probutateapproved, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Hydrocortisone valerateapproved, vet_approvedunknowncarrierDetails
Estriol tripropionateexperimentalunknowntargetDetails
Conjugated estrogensapprovednocarrierbinderDetails
Etonogestrelapproved, investigationalnocarrierbinderDetails
DesogestrelapprovednocarrierbinderDetails
Ketoconazoleapproved, investigationalunknowncarrierligandDetails
Norgestimateapproved, investigationalunknowncarrierbinderDetails
EthinylestradiolapprovedunknowncarrierbinderDetails
Zinc sulfate, unspecified formapproved, experimentalunknowntargetmodulatorDetails
Fluoroestradiol F-18approvedunknowncarrierbinderDetails
Daptomycinapproved, investigationalnocarrierbinderDetails
Nandrolone decanoateapproved, illicitunknowncarrierbinderDetails