Ferric pyrophosphate
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Identification
- Generic Name
- Ferric pyrophosphate
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB09147
- Background
Ferric pyrophosphate is an iron replacement product. Free iron presents several side effects as it can catalyze free radical formation and lipid peroxidation as well as the presence of interactions of iron in plasma. The ferric ion is strongly complexed by pyrophosphate.1 It presents an increasing interest as this insoluble form can be milder in the gastrointestinal tract and present higher bioavailability.10
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Experimental
- Structure
- Weight
- Average: 745.21
Monoisotopic: 745.475544666 - Chemical Formula
- Fe4O21P6
- Synonyms
- Iron pyrophosphate
- Iron(III) pyrophosphate
Pharmacology
- Indication
Ferric pyrophosphate is intended to be indicated for the treatment of iron loss or iron deficiency as a formulation with a milder gastrointestinal effect.9,10
Iron deficiency appears when the dietary intake does not meet the body's requirement or when there is chronic external blood loss. During acute blood loss, body iron stores are sufficient for accelerated erythropoiesis and restoration of iron homeostasis. But when the altered homeostasis remains for weeks to months then some supplement is needed. Some causes of iron deficiency include ectoparasitism, endoparasitism, hematuria, epistaxis, hemorrhagic skin, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopathia and gastrointestinal hemorrhage.2
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Management of Hemodialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease •••••••••••• - Associated Therapies
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
- Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API
- Pharmacodynamics
Iron supplementation typically results in increases in serum iron, transferrin-bound iron, and iron-stored in the form of ferritin in hepatocytes and macrophages. The available iron is usually used in bone marrow for the synthesis of hemoglobin.9
- Mechanism of action
The usage of ferric pyrophosphate is based on the strong complex formation between these two species. Besides, the capacity of pyrophosphate to trigger iron removal from transferrin, enhance iron transfer from transferrin to ferritin and promote iron exchange between transferrin molecules. These properties make it a very suitable compound for parenteral administration, iron delivery into circulation and incorporation into hemoglobin.1
Target Actions Organism AFerritin light chain binderHumans AHemoglobin subunit alpha binderHumans AHemoglobin subunit beta binderHumans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
- Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.
- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAlmasilate Almasilate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Ferric pyrophosphate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. Aluminium phosphate Aluminium phosphate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Ferric pyrophosphate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. Aluminum hydroxide Aluminum hydroxide can cause a decrease in the absorption of Ferric pyrophosphate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. Calcium acetate Calcium acetate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Ferric pyrophosphate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. Calcium carbonate Calcium carbonate can cause a decrease in the absorption of Ferric pyrophosphate resulting in a reduced serum concentration and potentially a decrease in efficacy. - Food Interactions
- Not Available
Products
- Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
- Active Moieties
Name Kind UNII CAS InChI Key Ferric cation ionic 91O4LML611 20074-52-6 VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Escavite Lq Ferric pyrophosphate (5 mg/1mL) + Ascorbic acid (35 mg/1mL) + Cholecalciferol (400 [iU]/1mL) + Cyanocobalamin (0.9 ug/1mL) + D-alpha-Tocopherol acetate (7.5 [iU]/1mL) + Ferrous cysteine glycinate (1 mg/1mL) + Niacin (8 mg/1mL) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (0.4 mg/1mL) + Riboflavin (0.6 mg/1mL) + Sodium fluoride (0.25 mg/1mL) + Thiamine hydrochloride (0.5 mg/1mL) + Vitamin A palmitate (1500 [iU]/1mL) Liquid Oral GM Pharmaceuticals, INC 2013-08-20 2018-10-03 US Tricare Prenatal 2-part Daily Prenatal Vitamin System Ferric pyrophosphate (4.5 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (30 mg/1) + Biotin (.150 mg/1) + Cholecalciferol (400 [iU]/1) + Chromium Cr-51 chloride (.060 mg/1) + Copper gluconate (1 mg/1) + Cyanocobalamin (.125 mg/1) + Doconexent (150 1/1) + Icosapent (37.5 1/1) + Levomefolic acid (1 mg/1) + Manganese citrate decahydrate (1 mg/1) + Nicotinamide (10 mg/1) + Omega-3 fatty acids (75 1/1) + Calcium pantothenate (5 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (2.5 mg/1) + Riboflavin (.85 mg/1) + Sodium selenite (.0325 mg/1) + Sodium molybdate (.0375 mg/1) + Thiamine mononitrate (1.25 mg/1) + Zinc (7 mg/1) + alpha-Tocopherol succinate (15 [iU]/1) Kit Oral Medecor Pharma, Llc 2016-05-10 Not applicable US
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as transition metal pyrophosphates. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest oxoanion is pyrophosphate, and in which the heaviest atom not in an oxoanion is a transition metal.
- Kingdom
- Inorganic compounds
- Super Class
- Mixed metal/non-metal compounds
- Class
- Transition metal oxoanionic compounds
- Sub Class
- Transition metal pyrophosphates
- Direct Parent
- Transition metal pyrophosphates
- Alternative Parents
- Inorganic salts / Inorganic oxides
- Substituents
- Inorganic oxide / Inorganic salt / Transition metal pyrophosphate
- Molecular Framework
- Not Available
- External Descriptors
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- QK8899250F
- CAS number
- 10058-44-3
- InChI Key
- CADNYOZXMIKYPR-UHFFFAOYSA-B
- InChI
- InChI=1S/4Fe.3H4O7P2/c;;;;3*1-8(2,3)7-9(4,5)6/h;;;;3*(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5,6)/q4*+3;;;/p-12
- IUPAC Name
- tetrairon(3+) tri(phosphonatooxy)phosphonate
- SMILES
- [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O
References
- General References
- Gupta A, Amin NB, Besarab A, Vogel SE, Divine GW, Yee J, Anandan JV: Dialysate iron therapy: infusion of soluble ferric pyrophosphate via the dialysate during hemodialysis. Kidney Int. 1999 May;55(5):1891-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00436.x. [Article]
- Naigamwalla DZ, Webb JA, Giger U: Iron deficiency anemia. Can Vet J. 2012 Mar;53(3):250-6. [Article]
- Fidler MC, Walczyk T, Davidsson L, Zeder C, Sakaguchi N, Juneja LR, Hurrell RF: A micronised, dispersible ferric pyrophosphate with high relative bioavailability in man. Br J Nutr. 2004 Jan;91(1):107-12. [Article]
- Pratt RD, Swinkels DW, Ikizler TA, Gupta A: Pharmacokinetics of Ferric Pyrophosphate Citrate, a Novel Iron Salt, Administered Intravenously to Healthy Volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Mar;57(3):312-320. doi: 10.1002/jcph.819. Epub 2016 Oct 3. [Article]
- Underwood E. (1977). Trace elements in human and animal nutrition (4th ed.). Academic press.
- Pubchem [Link]
- Nippon [Link]
- KEGG [Link]
- FDA Reports [Link]
- Sunactive [Link]
- External Links
- PubChem Compound
- 24877
- PubChem Substance
- 310265060
- ChemSpider
- 23258
- 1607976
- ChEBI
- 132767
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Iron(III)_pyrophosphate
- MSDS
- Download (47 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count Start Date Why Stopped 100+ additional columns Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample dataNot Available Completed Basic Science Iron Deficiency (ID) 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide Not Available Terminated Supportive Care End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 4 Not Yet Recruiting Treatment Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 4 Unknown Status Treatment Anemia / Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 3 Completed Treatment Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) / End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Liquid Oral Capsule Oral Kit Oral Tablet, chewable Oral - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region US6779468 No 2004-08-24 2016-12-31 US US7816404 No 2010-10-19 2029-04-17 US US6689275 No 2004-02-10 2016-12-31 US
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) Decomposes 'MSDS' water solubility Soluble after treatment with citric acid and sodium hydroxyde Gupta, et al. (1999). Kidney International. Vol. 55 logP 3.4 'MSDS' pKa 22.2 Gupta, et al. (1999). Kidney International. Vol. 55 - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source logP -1.4 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Acidic) 1.7 Chemaxon Physiological Charge -3 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 6 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 135.61 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 6 Chemaxon Refractivity 21.04 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 9.06 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five No Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Not Available
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation. Also plays a role in delivery of iron to cells. Mediates iron uptake in capsule cells of the developing kidney (By similarity). Delivery to lysosomes by the cargo receptor NCOA4 for autophagic degradation and release or iron (PubMed:24695223)
- Specific Function
- ferric iron binding
- Gene Name
- FTL
- Uniprot ID
- P02792
- Uniprot Name
- Ferritin light chain
- Molecular Weight
- 20019.49 Da
References
- Gupta A, Amin NB, Besarab A, Vogel SE, Divine GW, Yee J, Anandan JV: Dialysate iron therapy: infusion of soluble ferric pyrophosphate via the dialysate during hemodialysis. Kidney Int. 1999 May;55(5):1891-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00436.x. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues
- Specific Function
- heme binding
- Gene Name
- HBA1
- Uniprot ID
- P69905
- Uniprot Name
- Hemoglobin subunit alpha
- Molecular Weight
- 15257.405 Da
References
- Gupta A, Amin NB, Besarab A, Vogel SE, Divine GW, Yee J, Anandan JV: Dialysate iron therapy: infusion of soluble ferric pyrophosphate via the dialysate during hemodialysis. Kidney Int. 1999 May;55(5):1891-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00436.x. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues
- Specific Function
- heme binding
- Gene Name
- HBB
- Uniprot ID
- P68871
- Uniprot Name
- Hemoglobin subunit beta
- Molecular Weight
- 15998.34 Da
References
- Gupta A, Amin NB, Besarab A, Vogel SE, Divine GW, Yee J, Anandan JV: Dialysate iron therapy: infusion of soluble ferric pyrophosphate via the dialysate during hemodialysis. Kidney Int. 1999 May;55(5):1891-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00436.x. [Article]
Drug created at October 01, 2015 16:55 / Updated at June 12, 2020 16:52