Explore a selection of our essential drug information below, or:
Identification
- Summary
Tegafur is an antineoplastic agent used in combination with other anticancer medications to treat advanced gastric and colorectal cancers.
- Brand Names
- Teysuno
- Generic Name
- Tegafur
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB09256
- Background
Tegafur (INN, BAN, USAN) is a prodrug of Fluorouracil (5-FU), an antineoplastic agent used as the treatment of various cancers such as advanced gastric and colorectal cancers. It is a pyrimidine analogue used in combination therapies as an active chemotherapeutic agent in conjunction with Gimeracil and Oteracil, or along with Fluorouracil as Tegafur-uracil. Tegafur is usually given in combination with other drugs that enhance the bioavailability of the 5-FU by blocking the enzyme responsible for its degradation, or serves to limit the toxicity of 5-FU by ensuring high concentrations of 5-FU at a lower dose of tegafur 5. When converted and bioactivated to 5-FU, the drug mediates an anticancer activity by inhibiting thymidylate synthase (TS) during the pyrimidine pathway involved in DNA synthesis. 5-FU is listed on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Tegafur (DB09256)
- Weight
- Average: 200.169
Monoisotopic: 200.059720321 - Chemical Formula
- C8H9FN2O3
- Synonyms
- 1-(2-Tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil
- Tegafur
- External IDs
- MJF-12264
Pharmacology
- Indication
Indicated for the treatment of cancer usually in combination with other biochemically modulating drugs.
Indicated in adults for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer when given in combination with Cisplatin 5.
Indicated for the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer with Uracil and calcium folinate 6.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Used in combination to treat Advanced gastric cancer Regimen in combination with: Oteracil (DB03209), Cisplatin (DB00515), Gimeracil (DB09257) •••••••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Tegafur is an antineoplastic agent that belongs in the class of pyrimidine analogues. It interferes with the 2'-deoxythymidylate (DTMP) synthesis in the pyrimidine pathway, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis 4. In a phase III trial investigating the clinical efficacy of S-1 (tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil) in patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer, treatment resulted in a high response rate and was associated with a longer overall survival and longer progression-free survival rate when used in combination with cisplatin 1. In a meta analysis, triple combination therapy consisting of tegafur, gimeracil and oteracil showed longer survival times and well tolerance in patients with advanced gastric cancer 2. Tegafur and its active metabolites are potent myleosuppressive agents 5.
- Mechanism of action
The transformation of 2'-deoxyurindylate (dUMP) to 2'-deoxythymidylate (dTMP) is essential in driving the synthesis of DNA and purines in cells 4. Thymidylate synthase catalyzes the conversion of dUMP to dTMP, which is a precursor of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), one of the four deoxyribonucleotides required for DNA synthesis 3. After administration into the body, tegafur is converted into the active antineoplastic metabolite, fluorouracil (5-FU). In tumour cells, 5-FU undergoes phosphorylation to form the active anabolites, including 5-fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) 5. FdUMP and reduced folate are bound to thymidylate synthase leading to formation of a ternary complex which inhibits DNA synthesis 5. In addition, 5-fluorouridine-triphosphate (FUTP) is incorporated into RNA causing disruption of RNA functions 5.
Target Actions Organism AThymidylate synthase inhibitorHumans - Absorption
Tegafur displays a dose-proportional pharmacokinetic properties. Tegafur is rapidly and well absorbed into the systemic circulation, reaching the peak plasma concentration within 1 to 2 hours of administration 6.
- Volume of distribution
The volume of distribution based on apparent volume of distribution and urinary excretion data of tegafur is 16 L/m^2 5.
- Protein binding
Tegafur is 52.3% bound to serum proteins and 5-FU is 18.4% protein bound 5,6.
- Metabolism
Hepatic CYP2A6 is the predominant enzyme that mediates 5-hydroxylation of tegafur to generate 5'-hydroxytegafur. This metabolite is unstable and undergoes spontaneous degradation to form 5-FU, which is an active antineoplastic agent that exerts a pharmacological action on tumours. 5-FU is rapidly metabolised by the liver enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) 3.
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
Following oral administration, about less 20% of total tegafur is excreted unchanged in the urine 6.
- Half-life
The elimination half life of tegafur is approximately 11 hours 6.
- Clearance
No pharmacokinetic data available.
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Oral LD50 value in rat, mouse and dog are 930mg/kg, 775mg/kg, and 34mg/kg, respectively MSDS. Continuous exposure to tegafur may cause physical defects in the developing embryo (teratogenesis).
Acute toxicity from the combination use of tegafur was associated with nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, mucositis, gastrointestinal irritation, bleeding, bone marrow depression, and respiratory failure 5. Overdose may lead to fatal complications 6. In case of overdose, appropriate therapeutic and supportive medical interventions should be implemented.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Interacting Gene/Enzyme Allele name Genotype(s) Defining Change(s) Type(s) Description Details Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)] DPYD*2A (A;A) / (A;G) G > A ADR Directly Studied The presence of this genotype in DPYD is associated with an increased risk of drug-related toxicity from tegafur therapy. Details Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)] DPYD*13 (C;C) / (A;C) A > C ADR Directly Studied The presence of this genotype in DPYD is associated with an increased risk of drug-related toxicity from tegafur therapy. Details Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)] --- (A;A) / (A;T) T > A ADR Directly Studied The presence of this genotype in DPYD may be associated with an increased risk of drug-related toxicity from tegafur therapy. Details Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)] DPYD*4 (G;G) / (A:G) G > A ADR Directly Studied The presence of this genotype in DPYD may be associated with an increased risk of drug-related toxicity from tegafur therapy. Details Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)] DPYD*5 (G;G) / (A;G) A > G ADR Directly Studied The presence of this genotype in DPYD may be associated with an increased risk of drug-related toxicity from tegafur therapy. Details Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)] DPYD*6 (A;A) / (A;G) G > A ADR Directly Studied The presence of this genotype in DPYD may be associated with an increased risk of drug-related toxicity from tegafur therapy. Details Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP(+)] DPYD*9A (C;C) / (C;T) T > C ADR Directly Studied The presence of this genotype in DPYD may be associated with an increased risk of drug-related toxicity from tegafur therapy. Details
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Abacavir may decrease the excretion rate of Tegafur which could result in a higher serum level. Abametapir The serum concentration of Tegafur can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Abatacept The metabolism of Tegafur can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abiraterone The metabolism of Tegafur can be decreased when combined with Abiraterone. Acalabrutinib The metabolism of Tegafur can be decreased when combined with Acalabrutinib. - Food Interactions
- Drink plenty of fluids. Drinking water is important to prevent dehydration when taking Teysuno.
- Take on an empty stomach. Food does not impact the bioavailability of tegafur. Food does affect other ingredients in the combination product Teysuno. Take Teysuno at least 1 hour before or after eating.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- International/Other Brands
- Ai Yi (Hengrui) / ESUEEW AN T (Sawai Seiyaku) / Fimer (LKM) / Ftorafur (Grindeks) / Furil (Lotus Pharmaceuticals) / Futraful (Taiho) / Icarus (Koa Isei) / Lunacin (Sawai Seiyaku) / NKS-1 T (Nippon Kayaku) / Qi Xing (Hualu Pharmaceutical) / S-1 (Taiho) / Sterozine (Kotobuki Seiyaku) / Tefudex (Korea United Pharma) / Tegacin (Patron) / Tegracil (Shin Poong) / Teroful (Kwang Dong) / TS-1 (Toho Yakuhin) / TS-ONE (Taiho) / UFT (Merck) / Ufur (TTY) / Unitoral (Korea United Pharm) / Utefos (Mylan)
- Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image TEYSUNO Tegafur (20 mg) + Gimeracil (5.8 mg) + Oteracil (15.8 mg) Capsule Oral Nordic Group Bv 2014-07-08 Not applicable Italy 
TEYSUNO Tegafur (15 mg) + Gimeracil (4.35 mg) + Oteracil (11.8 mg) Capsule Oral Nordic Group Bv 2014-07-08 Not applicable Italy Teysuno Tegafur (20 mg) + Gimeracil (5.8 mg) + Oteracil (15.8 mg) Capsule Oral Nordic Group Bv 2016-09-08 Not applicable EU 
Teysuno Tegafur (15 mg) + Gimeracil (4.35 mg) + Oteracil (11.8 mg) Capsule Oral Nordic Group Bv 2016-09-08 Not applicable EU Teysuno Tegafur (20 mg) + Gimeracil (5.8 mg) + Oteracil (15.8 mg) Capsule Oral Nordic Group Bv 2016-09-08 Not applicable EU
Categories
- ATC Codes
- L01BC03 — Tegafur
- L01BC — Pyrimidine analogues
- L01B — ANTIMETABOLITES
- L01 — ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS
- L — ANTINEOPLASTIC AND IMMUNOMODULATING AGENTS
- Drug Categories
- Antimetabolites
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Antineoplastic and Immunomodulating Agents
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Substrates with a Narrow Therapeutic Index
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6 Substrates with a Narrow Therapeutic Index
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Substrates with a Narrow Therapeutic Index
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Substrates with a Narrow Therapeutic Index
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Substrates with a Narrow Therapeutic Index
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
- Fluoropyrimidines
- Fluorouracil and prodrugs
- Narrow Therapeutic Index Drugs
- Noxae
- Pyrimidine Analogues
- Pyrimidines
- Pyrimidinones
- Thyroxine-binding globulin inducers
- Toxic Actions
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as halopyrimidines. These are aromatic compounds containing a halogen atom linked to a pyrimidine ring. Pyrimidine is a 6-membered ring consisting of four carbon atoms and two nitrogen centers at the 1- and 3- ring positions.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Diazines
- Sub Class
- Pyrimidines and pyrimidine derivatives
- Direct Parent
- Halopyrimidines
- Alternative Parents
- Pyrimidones / Aryl fluorides / Hydropyrimidines / Vinylogous amides / Heteroaromatic compounds / Tetrahydrofurans / Lactams / Ureas / Oxacyclic compounds / Azacyclic compounds show 6 more
- Substituents
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound / Aryl fluoride / Aryl halide / Azacycle / Halopyrimidine / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Hydropyrimidine / Lactam / Organic nitrogen compound show 12 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- pyrimidines, organohalogen compound (CHEBI:32188)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 1548R74NSZ
- CAS number
- 17902-23-7
- InChI Key
- WFWLQNSHRPWKFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C8H9FN2O3/c9-5-4-11(6-2-1-3-14-6)8(13)10-7(5)12/h4,6H,1-3H2,(H,10,12,13)
- IUPAC Name
- 5-fluoro-1-(oxolan-2-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione
- SMILES
- FC1=CN(C2CCCO2)C(=O)NC1=O
References
- General References
- Tsuburaya A, Morita S, Kodera Y, Kobayashi M, Shitara K, Yamaguchi K, Yoshikawa T, Yoshida K, Yoshino S, Sakamoto J: A randomized phase II trial to elucidate the efficacy of capecitabine plus cisplatin (XP) and S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) as a first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer: XP ascertainment vs. SP randomized PII trial (XParTS II). BMC Cancer. 2012 Jul 23;12:307. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-307. [Article]
- Yang J, Zhou Y, Min K, Yao Q, Xu CN: S-1-based vs non-S-1-based chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Sep 7;20(33):11886-93. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i33.11886. [Article]
- Kohne CH, Peters GJ: UFT: mechanism of drug action. Oncology (Williston Park). 2000 Oct;14(10 Suppl 9):13-8. [Article]
- 55. (2012). In Rang and Dale's Pharmacology (7th ed., pp. 680-681). Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. [ISBN:978-0-7020-3471-8]
- European Medicines Agency (EMA): TEYSUNO (tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil) Summary of Product Characteristics [Link]
- UFT (uracil/tegafur) capsules_Product information [Link]
- External Links
- MSDS
- Download (242 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count Start Date Why Stopped 100+ additional columns Unlock 175K+ rows when you subscribe.View sample data4 Not Yet Recruiting Treatment Gastric Cancer 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 4 Unknown Status Treatment Breast Neoplasms / Neoadjuvant Therapies 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 4 Unknown Status Treatment Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 3 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Gastric Cancer 1 somestatus stop reason just information to hide 3 Completed Treatment Breast Cancer 2 somestatus stop reason just information to hide
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Capsule Tablet, orally disintegrating; tablet, soluble Oral Capsule Oral Tablet Oral Capsule Oral 100 mg - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 339.8-343.4 MSDS water solubility Partly miscible MSDS - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 14.0 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -0.09 ALOGPS logP 0.024 Chemaxon logS -1.2 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 8.08 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) -4.3 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 1 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 58.64 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 1 Chemaxon Refractivity 44.5 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 17.52 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 2 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 133.74132 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 137.5726 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 146.95747 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
Build, predict & validate machine-learning models
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Catalyzes the reductive methylation of 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (dUMP) to thymidine 5'-monophosphate (dTMP), using the cosubstrate, 5,10- methylenetetrahydrofolate (CH2H4folate) as a 1-carbon donor and reductant and contributes to the de novo mitochondrial thymidylate biosynthesis pathway
- Specific Function
- Folic acid binding
- Gene Name
- TYMS
- Uniprot ID
- P04818
- Uniprot Name
- Thymidylate synthase
- Molecular Weight
- 35715.65 Da
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- Curator comments
- Data supporting this enzyme action are limited to in vitro studies.
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:9435160). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2 (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317). Metabolizes cholesterol toward 25-hydroxycholesterol, a physiological regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis (PubMed:21576599). May act as a major enzyme for all-trans retinoic acid biosynthesis in the liver. Catalyzes two successive oxidative transformation of all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal and then to the active form all-trans retinoic acid (PubMed:10681376). Primarily catalyzes stereoselective epoxidation of the last double bond of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), displaying a strong preference for the (R,S) stereoisomer (PubMed:19965576). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation and omega-1 hydroxylation of PUFA (PubMed:9435160). May also participate in eicosanoids metabolism by converting hydroperoxide species into oxo metabolites (lipoxygenase-like reaction, NADPH-independent) (PubMed:21068195). Plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Catalyzes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin (PubMed:14725854). Metabolizes caffeine via N3-demethylation (Probable)
- Specific Function
- Aromatase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P05177
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 58406.915 Da
References
- Komatsu T, Yamazaki H, Shimada N, Nakajima M, Yokoi T: Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63. [Article]
- Yamazaki H, Komatsu T, Takemoto K, Shimada N, Nakajima M, Yokoi T: Rat cytochrome p450 1A and 3A enzymes involved in bioactivation of tegafur to 5-fluorouracil and autoinduced by tegafur in liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jun;29(6):794-7. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins (PubMed:11093772, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:11093772, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697). Primarily catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes all trans-retinoic acid toward its 4-hydroxylated form (PubMed:11093772). Displays 16-alpha hydroxylase activity toward estrogen steroid hormones, 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) (PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism of the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol) (PubMed:26427316)
- Specific Function
- Arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2C8
- Uniprot ID
- P10632
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C8
- Molecular Weight
- 55824.275 Da
References
- Komatsu T, Yamazaki H, Shimada N, Nakajima M, Yokoi T: Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63. [Article]
- Backman JT, Filppula AM, Niemi M, Neuvonen PJ: Role of Cytochrome P450 2C8 in Drug Metabolism and Interactions. Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Jan;68(1):168-241. doi: 10.1124/pr.115.011411. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Exhibits a high coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. Can act in the hydroxylation of the anti-cancer drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide. Competent in the metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1. Constitutes the major nicotine C-oxidase. Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. Possesses low phenacetin O-deethylation activity
- Specific Function
- Arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2A6
- Uniprot ID
- P11509
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2A6
- Molecular Weight
- 56517.005 Da
References
- Ikeda K, Yoshisue K, Matsushima E, Nagayama S, Kobayashi K, Tyson CA, Chiba K, Kawaguchi Y: Bioactivation of tegafur to 5-fluorouracil is catalyzed by cytochrome P-450 2A6 in human liver microsomes in vitro. Clin Cancer Res. 2000 Nov;6(11):4409-15. [Article]
- Komatsu T, Yamazaki H, Shimada N, Nakajima M, Yokoi T: Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63. [Article]
- Daigo S, Takahashi Y, Fujieda M, Ariyoshi N, Yamazaki H, Koizumi W, Tanabe S, Saigenji K, Nagayama S, Ikeda K, Nishioka Y, Kamataki T: A novel mutant allele of the CYP2A6 gene (CYP2A6*11 ) found in a cancer patient who showed poor metabolic phenotype towards tegafur. Pharmacogenetics. 2002 Jun;12(4):299-306. [Article]
- Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [Article]
- UFT (uracil/tegafur) capsules_Product information [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids (PubMed:10553002, PubMed:18577768). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:10553002, PubMed:18577768). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Hydroxylates fatty acids specifically at the omega-1 position displaying the highest catalytic activity for saturated fatty acids (PubMed:10553002, PubMed:18577768). May be involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics (Probable)
- Specific Function
- 4-nitrophenol 2-monooxygenase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP2E1
- Uniprot ID
- P05181
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2E1
- Molecular Weight
- 56848.42 Da
References
- Komatsu T, Yamazaki H, Shimada N, Nakajima M, Yokoi T: Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and vitamins (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:2732228). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of catechol estrogens from 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2 (PubMed:12865317). Catalyzes 6beta-hydroxylation of the steroid hormones testosterone, progesterone, and androstenedione (PubMed:2732228). Catalyzes the oxidative conversion of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes all trans-retinoic acid (atRA) to 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics, including calcium channel blocking drug nifedipine and immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine (PubMed:2732228)
- Specific Function
- Aromatase activity
- Gene Name
- CYP3A5
- Uniprot ID
- P20815
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A5
- Molecular Weight
- 57108.065 Da
References
- Komatsu T, Yamazaki H, Shimada N, Nakajima M, Yokoi T: Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63. [Article]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- Major thyroid hormone transport protein in serum
- Specific Function
- Serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
- Gene Name
- SERPINA7
- Uniprot ID
- P05543
- Uniprot Name
- Thyroxine-binding globulin
- Molecular Weight
- 46324.12 Da
References
- CYTOMEL (liothyronine) FDA label [File]
Drug created at October 26, 2015 16:26 / Updated at October 09, 2021 02:48