Androgen receptor

Details

Name
Androgen receptor
Synonyms
  • DHTR
  • Dihydrotestosterone receptor
  • NR3C4
  • Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 4
Gene Name
AR
Organism
Humans
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0000263|Androgen receptor
MEVQLGLGRVYPRPPSKTYRGAFQNLFQSVREVIQNPGPRHPEAASAAPPGASLLLLQQQ
QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQETSPRQQQQQQGEDGSPQAHRRGPTGYLVLDEEQQPSQPQSA
LECHPERGCVPEPGAAVAASKGLPQQLPAPPDEDDSAAPSTLSLLGPTFPGLSSCSADLK
DILSEASTMQLLQQQQQEAVSEGSSSGRAREASGAPTSSKDNYLGGTSTISDNAKELCKA
VSVSMGLGVEALEHLSPGEQLRGDCMYAPLLGVPPAVRPTPCAPLAECKGSLLDDSAGKS
TEDTAEYSPFKGGYTKGLEGESLGCSGSAAAGSSGTLELPSTLSLYKSGALDEAAAYQSR
DYYNFPLALAGPPPPPPPPHPHARIKLENPLDYGSAWAAAAAQCRYGDLASLHGAGAAGP
GSGSPSAAASSSWHTLFTAEEGQLYGPCGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGEAGAVAPY
GYTRPPQGLAGQESDFTAPDVWYPGGMVSRVPYPSPTCVKSEMGPWMDSYSGPYGDMRLE
TARDHVLPIDYYFPPQKTCLICGDEASGCHYGALTCGSCKVFFKRAAEGKQKYLCASRND
CTIDKFRRKNCPSCRLRKCYEAGMTLGARKLKKLGNLKLQEEGEASSTTSPTEETTQKLT
VSHIEGYECQPIFLNVLEAIEPGVVCAGHDNNQPDSFAALLSSLNELGERQLVHVVKWAK
ALPGFRNLHVDDQMAVIQYSWMGLMVFAMGWRSFTNVNSRMLYFAPDLVFNEYRMHKSRM
YSQCVRMRHLSQEFGWLQITPQEFLCMKALLLFSIIPVDGLKNQKFFDELRMNYIKELDR
IIACKRKNPTSCSRRFYQLTKLLDSVQPIARELHQFTFDLLIKSHMVSVDFPEMMAEIIS
VQVPKILSGKVKPIYFHTQ
Number of residues
919
Molecular Weight
98987.9
Theoretical pI
6.38
GO Classification
Functions
androgen binding / androgen receptor activity / ATPase binding / beta-catenin binding / chromatin binding / DNA binding / enzyme binding / protein dimerization activity / receptor binding / RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, ligand-activated sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding / transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding / transcription factor binding / transcription regulatory region DNA binding / transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding / zinc ion binding
Processes
androgen receptor signaling pathway / cell growth / cell proliferation / cell-cell signaling / gene expression / intracellular receptor signaling pathway / negative regulation of cell proliferation / negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / negative regulation of integrin biosynthetic process / positive regulation of cell differentiation / positive regulation of cell proliferation / positive regulation of gene expression / positive regulation of integrin biosynthetic process / positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity / positive regulation of phosphorylation / positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter / positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter / positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated / prostate gland development / protein oligomerization / regulation of establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane / sex differentiation / signal transduction / small GTPase mediated signal transduction / transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter / transcription, DNA-templated / transport
Components
cytoplasm / cytosol / nuclear chromatin / nucleoplasm / nucleus / protein complex
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3 and ZIPK/DAPK3.
Pfam Domain Function
Transmembrane Regions
Not Available
Cellular Location
Nucleus
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0020451|Androgen receptor (AR)
ATGGAAGTGCAGTTAGGGCTGGGAAGGGTCTACCCTCGGCCGCCGTCCAAGACCTACCGA
GGAGCTTTCCAGAATCTGTTCCAGAGCGTGCGCGAAGTGATCCAGAACCCGGGCCCCAGG
CACCCAGAGGCCGCGAGCGCAGCACCTCCCGGCGCCAGTTTGCTGCTGCTGCAGCAGCAG
CAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAA
GAGACTAGCCCCAGGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGGGTGAGGATGGTTCTCCCCAAGCCCAT
CGTAGAGGCCCCACAGGCTACCTGGTCCTGGATGAGGAACAGCAACCTTCACAGCCGCAG
TCGGCCCTGGAGTGCCACCCCGAGAGAGGTTGCGTCCCAGAGCCTGGAGCCGCCGTGGCC
GCCAGCAAGGGGCTGCCGCAGCAGCTGCCAGCACCTCCGGACGAGGATGACTCAGCTGCC
CCATCCACGTTGTCCCTGCTGGGCCCCACTTTCCCCGGCTTAAGCAGCTGCTCCGCTGAC
CTTAAAGACATCCTGAGCGAGGCCAGCACCATGCAACTCCTTCAGCAACAGCAGCAGGAA
GCAGTATCCGAAGGCAGCAGCAGCGGGAGAGCGAGGGAGGCCTCGGGGGCTCCCACTTCC
TCCAAGGACAATTACTTAGGGGGCACTTCGACCATTTCTGACAACGCCAAGGAGTTGTGT
AAGGCAGTGTCGGTGTCCATGGGCCTGGGTGTGGAGGCGTTGGAGCATCTGAGTCCAGGG
GAACAGCTTCGGGGGGATTGCATGTACGCCCCACTTTTGGGAGTTCCACCCGCTGTGCGT
CCCACTCCTTGTGCCCCATTGGCCGAATGCAAAGGTTCTCTGCTAGACGACAGCGCAGGC
AAGAGCACTGAAGATACTGCTGAGTATTCCCCTTTCAAGGGAGGTTACACCAAAGGGCTA
GAAGGCGAGAGCCTAGGCTGCTCTGGCAGCGCTGCAGCAGGGAGCTCCGGGACACTTGAA
CTGCCGTCTACCCTGTCTCTCTACAAGTCCGGAGCACTGGACGAGGCAGCTGCGTACCAG
AGTCGCGACTACTACAACTTTCCACTGGCTCTGGCCGGACCGCCGCCCCCTCCGCCGCCT
CCCCATCCCCACGCTCGCATCAAGCTGGAGAACCCGCTGGACTACGGCAGCGCCTGGGCG
GCTGCGGCGGCGCAGTGCCGCTATGGGGACCTGGCGAGCCTGCATGGCGCGGGTGCAGCG
GGACCCGGTTCTGGGTCACCCTCAGCCGCCGCTTCCTCATCCTGGCACACTCTCTTCACA
GCCGAAGAAGGCCAGTTGTATGGACCGTGTGGTGGTGGTGGGGGTGGTGGCGGCGGCGGC
GGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGAGGCGGGAGCTGTAGCCCCC
TACGGCTACACTCGGCCCCCTCAGGGGCTGGCGGGCCAGGAAAGCGACTTCACCGCACCT
GATGTGTGGTACCCTGGCGGCATGGTGAGCAGAGTGCCCTATCCCAGTCCCACTTGTGTC
AAAAGCGAAATGGGCCCCTGGATGGATAGCTACTCCGGACCTTACGGGGACATGCGTTTG
GAGACTGCCAGGGACCATGTTTTGCCCATTGACTATTACTTTCCACCCCAGAAGACCTGC
CTGATCTGTGGAGATGAAGCTTCTGGGTGTCACTATGGAGCTCTCACATGTGGAAGCTGC
AAGGTCTTCTTCAAAAGAGCCGCTGAAGGGAAACAGAAGTACCTGTGCGCCAGCAGAAAT
GATTGCACTATTGATAAATTCCGAAGGAAAAATTGTCCATCTTGTCGTCTTCGGAAATGT
TATGAAGCAGGGATGACTCTGGGAGCCCGGAAGCTGAAGAAACTTGGTAATCTGAAACTA
CAGGAGGAAGGAGAGGCTTCCAGCACCACCAGCCCCACTGAGGAGACAACCCAGAAGCTG
ACAGTGTCACACATTGAAGGCTATGAATGTCAGCCCATCTTTCTGAATGTCCTGGAAGCC
ATTGAGCCAGGTGTAGTGTGTGCTGGACACGACAACAACCAGCCCGACTCCTTTGCAGCC
TTGCTCTCTAGCCTCAATGAACTGGGAGAGAGACAGCTTGTACACGTGGTCAAGTGGGCC
AAGGCCTTGCCTGGCTTCCGCAACTTACACGTGGACGACCAGATGGCTGTCATTCAGTAC
TCCTGGATGGGGCTCATGGTGTTTGCCATGGGCTGGCGATCCTTCACCAATGTCAACTCC
AGGATGCTCTACTTCGCCCCTGATCTGGTTTTCAATGAGTACCGCATGCACAAGTCCCGG
ATGTACAGCCAGTGTGTCCGAATGAGGCACCTCTCTCAAGAGTTTGGATGGCTCCAAATC
ACCCCCCAGGAATTCCTGTGCATGAAAGCACTGCTACTCTTCAGCATTATTCCAGTGGAT
GGGCTGAAAAATCAAAAATTCTTTGATGAACTTCGAATGAACTACATCAAGGAACTCGAT
CGTATCATTGCATGCAAAAGAAAAAATCCCACATCCTGCTCAAGACGCTTCTACCAGCTC
ACCAAGCTCCTGGACTCCGTGCAGCCTATTGCGAGAGAGCTGCATCAGTTCACTTTTGAC
CTGCTAATCAAGTCACACATGGTGAGCGTGGACTTTCCGGAAATGATGGCAGAGATCATC
TCTGTGCAAGTGCCCAAGATCCTTTCTGGGAAAGTCAAGCCCATCTATTTCCACACCCAG
TGA
Chromosome Location
X
Locus
Xq11.2-q12
External Identifiers
ResourceLink
UniProtKB IDP10275
UniProtKB Entry NameANDR_HUMAN
GenBank Protein ID178628
GenBank Gene IDM20132
GenAtlas IDAR
HGNC IDHGNC:644
General References
  1. Lubahn DB, Joseph DR, Sar M, Tan J, Higgs HN, Larson RE, French FS, Wilson EM: The human androgen receptor: complementary deoxyribonucleic acid cloning, sequence analysis and gene expression in prostate. Mol Endocrinol. 1988 Dec;2(12):1265-75. [Article]
  2. Chang CS, Kokontis J, Liao ST: Structural analysis of complementary DNA and amino acid sequences of human and rat androgen receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(19):7211-5. [Article]
  3. Tilley WD, Marcelli M, Wilson JD, McPhaul MJ: Characterization and expression of a cDNA encoding the human androgen receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jan;86(1):327-31. [Article]
  4. Lubahn DB, Brown TR, Simental JA, Higgs HN, Migeon CJ, Wilson EM, French FS: Sequence of the intron/exon junctions of the coding region of the human androgen receptor gene and identification of a point mutation in a family with complete androgen insensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Dec;86(23):9534-8. [Article]
  5. Govindan MV: Specific region in hormone binding domain is essential for hormone binding and trans-activation by human androgen receptor. Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Mar;4(3):417-27. [Article]
  6. Marcelli M, Tilley WD, Wilson CM, Griffin JE, Wilson JD, McPhaul MJ: Definition of the human androgen receptor gene structure permits the identification of mutations that cause androgen resistance: premature termination of the receptor protein at amino acid residue 588 causes complete androgen resistance. Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Aug;4(8):1105-16. [Article]
  7. Ahrens-Fath I, Politz O, Geserick C, Haendler B: Androgen receptor function is modulated by the tissue-specific AR45 variant. FEBS J. 2005 Jan;272(1):74-84. [Article]
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Drug Relations

Drug Relations
DrugBank IDNameDrug groupPharmacological action?ActionsDetails
DB00499Flutamideapproved, investigationalyesantagonistDetails
DB00621Oxandroloneapproved, investigationalyesagonistDetails
DB00624Testosteroneapproved, investigationalyesagonistDetails
DB00984Nandrolone phenpropionateapproved, illicit, investigationalyesagonistDetails
DB01128BicalutamideapprovedyesantagonistDetails
DB00858DrostanoloneillicityesagonistDetails
DB01185Fluoxymesteroneapproved, illicityesagonistDetails
DB00665Nilutamideapproved, investigationalyesantagonistDetails
DB014811-Testosteroneexperimental, illicit, investigationalyesagonistDetails
DB01541Boldenoneillicit, vet_approvedyesagonistDetails
DB04839Cyproterone acetateapproved, investigationalyesantagonistDetails
DB01564Calusteroneexperimental, illicityesDetails
DB05234LGD2941investigationalunknownDetails
DB02901Stanoloneillicit, investigationalunknownDetails
DB06412Oxymetholoneapproved, illicityesagonistactivatorDetails
DB01395DrospirenoneapprovedyesantagonistDetails
DB01406DanazolapprovedyesagonistDetails
DB06870TetrahydrogestrinoneexperimentalunknownDetails
DB02932(R)-BicalutamideexperimentalunknownDetails
DB07039(2S)-N-(4-cyano-3-iodophenyl)-3-(4-cyanophenoxy)-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamideexperimentalunknownDetails
DB07286BMS-564929experimentalunknownDetails
DB07419S-23experimentalunknownDetails
DB074214-{[(1R,2S)-1,2-dihydroxy-2-methyl-3-(4-nitrophenoxy)propyl]amino}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrileexperimentalunknownDetails
DB07422(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-(pentafluorophenoxy)propanamideexperimentalunknownDetails
DB07423AndarineexperimentalunknownDetails
DB07454(R)-3-BROMO-2-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-N-[4-NITRO-3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYL]PROPANAMIDEexperimentalunknownDetails
DB07717(5S,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17S)-13-{2-[(3,5-DIFLUOROBENZYL)OXY]ETHYL}-17-HYDROXY-10-METHYLHEXADECAHYDRO-3H-CYCLOPENTA[A]PHENANTHREN-3-ONEexperimentalunknownDetails
DB07769S-3-(4-FLUOROPHENOXY)-2-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-N-[4-NITRO-3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYL]PROPANAMIDEexperimentalunknownDetails
DB02266Flufenamic acidapprovedunknownDetails
DB04709(3AALPHA,4ALPHA,7ALPHA,7AALPHA)- 3A,4,7,7A-TETRAHYDRO-2-(4-NITRO-1-NAPHTHALENYL)-4,7-ETHANO-1H-ISOINDOLE-1,3(2H)-DIONEexperimentalunknownDetails
DB080351-TERT-BUTYL-3-(2,5-DIMETHYLBENZYL)-1H-PYRAZOLO[3,4-D]PYRIMIDIN-4-AMINEexperimentalunknownDetails
DB080874-[(7R,7AS)-7-HYDROXY-1,3-DIOXOTETRAHYDRO-1H-PYRROLO[1,2-C]IMIDAZOL-2(3H)-YL]-1-NAPHTHONITRILEexperimentalunknownDetails
DB080882-chloro-4-{[(1R,3Z,7S,7aS)-7-hydroxy-1-(trifluoromethyl)tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-c][1,3]oxazol-3-ylidene]amino}-3-methylbenzonitrileexperimentalunknownDetails
DB08089LGD-2226experimentalunknownDetails
DB02998MetriboloneexperimentalunknownactivatorDetails
DB084613-[(4-AMINO-1-TERT-BUTYL-1H-PYRAZOLO[3,4-D]PYRIMIDIN-3-YL)METHYL]PHENOLexperimentalunknownDetails
DB08804Nandrolone decanoateapproved, illicityesagonistDetails
DB01420Testosterone propionateapproved, investigational, vet_approved, withdrawnyesagonistDetails
DB06710MethyltestosteroneapprovedyesagonistDetails
DB00367Levonorgestrelapproved, investigationalunknownbinderDetails
DB00421SpironolactoneapprovedunknownantagonistDetails
DB08867UlipristalapprovedunknownDetails
DB08899EnzalutamideapprovedyesinhibitorDetails
DB01026Ketoconazoleapproved, investigationalunknownbinderDetails
DB09389NorgestrelapprovedunknownagonistDetails
DB01708Prasteroneapproved, investigational, nutraceuticalunknownagonistDetails
DB13155EsculinapprovedunknownagonistDetails
DB00655EstroneapprovedunknownDetails
DB11429Miboleronevet_approvedunknownDetails
DB00675TamoxifenapprovedunknownDetails
DB01428Oxybenzoneapproved, investigationalunknownantagonistDetails
DB11219EnzacameneapprovedunknownantagonistDetails
DB11064Homosalateapproved, investigationalunknownantagonistDetails
DB00255Diethylstilbestrolapproved, investigational, withdrawnunknownantagonistDetails
DB06713Norelgestrominapproved, investigationalunknownpartial agonistDetails
DB00957Norgestimateapproved, investigationalunknownpartial agonistDetails
DB01063AcetophenazineapprovedunknownDetails
DB00623FluphenazineapprovedunknownDetails
DB01608Periciazineapproved, investigationalunknownDetails
DB11447Phenothiazineexperimental, vet_approvedunknownDetails
DB09086EugenolapprovedunknownantagonistDetails
DB09371NorethynodrelapprovedunknownDetails
DB00396Progesteroneapproved, vet_approvedunknownagonistpotentiatorDetails
DB08604Triclosanapproved, investigationalunknownDetails
DB00648MitotaneapprovedunknownantagonistDetails
DB09123DienogestapprovedyesantagonistDetails
DB13934LigandrolinvestigationalunknownantagonistagonistDetails
DB13943Testosterone cypionateapprovedyesagonistDetails
DB13944Testosterone enanthateapprovedyesagonistDetails
DB13946Testosterone undecanoateapproved, investigationalyesagonistDetails
DB13951Stanolone acetateexperimentalunknownDetails
DB11901Apalutamideapproved, investigationalyesantagonistDetails
DB11619GestrinoneapprovedunknownantagonistDetails
DB06133DimethylcurcumininvestigationalyesinhibitorDetails
DB14583Segesterone acetateapproved, experimental, investigationalnoagonistDetails
DB14639Boldenone undecylenateillicit, vet_approvedyesDetails
DB06718Stanozololapproved, vet_approvedyesagonistDetails
DB15488EchinacosideexperimentalunknownagonistDetails
DB00717NorethisteroneapprovedunknownagonistDetails
DB12941Darolutamideapproved, investigationalyesantagonistDetails
DB15647KetodarolutamideexperimentalunknownantagonistDetails
DB12499Clascoteroneapproved, investigationalyesantagonistDetails
DB11425Luprostiolexperimental, vet_approvedyesinhibitorDetails