Fluticasone propionate

Identification

Summary

Fluticasone propionate is a glucocorticoid used to treat asthma, inflammatory pruritic dermatoses, and nonallergic rhinitis.

Brand Names
Advair, Airduo, Airduo Respiclick, Aller-flo, Armonair, Beser, Cutivate, Dymista, Flonase, Flovent, Fluticare, Ticanase, Wixela, Xhance
Generic Name
Fluticasone propionate
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00588
Background

Fluticasone propionate is a synthetic glucocorticoid9,10Label. These drugs are available as inhalers, nasal, sprays, and topical treatments for various inflammatory indications9,10Label. Fluticasone propionate was first approved in 19907.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 500.571
Monoisotopic: 500.184429407
Chemical Formula
C25H31F3O5S
Synonyms
  • Fluticasone propionate
External IDs
  • CCI 18781
  • CCI-18781
  • PF-00241939

Pharmacology

Indication

Fluticasone propionate is indicated as an inhaler for the treatment and management of asthma by prophylaxisLabelas well as inflammatory and pruritic dermatoses9. Fluticasone propionate nasal spray is indicated for managing allergic and nonallergic rhinitis8,10.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Adjunct therapy in treatment ofAcute bacterial rhinosinusitis••• ••••••••••
Prophylaxis ofAllergic rhinitis••• ••••••••••
Treatment ofAllergic rhinitis•••••••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatAllergy to moldCombination Product in combination with: Azelastine (DB00972)•••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••
Used in combination to treatAllergy; danderCombination Product in combination with: Azelastine (DB00972)•••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Systemically, fluticasone propionate activates glucocorticoid receptors, and inhibits lung eosinophilia in rats10Label. Fluticasone propionate as a topical formulation is also associated with vasoconstriction in the skin9,3.

Mechanism of action

Fluticasone propionate works through an unknown mechanism to affect the action of various cell types and mediators of inflammation10. Fluticasone propionate activates glucocorticoid receptors and inhibits lung eosinophilia in rats10,9.

TargetActionsOrganism
AGlucocorticoid receptor
agonist
Humans
UProgesterone receptor
agonist
Humans
UCytosolic phospholipase A2
inhibitor
Humans
UMineralocorticoid receptor
antagonist
Humans
Absorption

Intranasal bioavailability of fluticasone propionate is <2%, and oral bioavailability is <1%10Label. Intranasal exposure results in the majority of the dose being swallowed3. Topical absorption of fluticasone propionate is very low but can change depending on a number of factors including integrity of the skin and the presence of inflammation or disease9. A study of 24 healthy Caucasian males showed an inhaled bioavailability of 9.0%1.

Volume of distribution

The volume of distribution of intravenous fluticasone propionate is 4.2L/kg10Label. A study of 24 healthy Caucasian males showed a volume of distribution at steady state of 577L following intravenous administration1.

Protein binding

Fluticasone propionate is 99% protein bound in serum10. Topical fluticasone propionate is only 91% protein bound in serum however9.

Metabolism

Fluticasone propionate is cleared from hepatic metabolism by cytochrome P450 3A410,4Label. Fluticasone propionate is hydrolysed at the FIVE-S-fluoromethyl carbothioate group, forming an inactive metabolite9,3Label.

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

Route of elimination

Fluticasone propionate is mainly eliminated in the feces with <5% eliminated in the urine10,5Label.

Half-life

7.8 hours for intravenous fluticasone propionate10Label. A study of 24 healthy Caucasian males shows a half life of 14.0 hours following intravenous administration and 10.8 hours following inhalation1.

Clearance

1093mL/min for fluticasone propionate10. A study of 24 healthy Caucasian males showed a clearance of 63.9L/h following intravenous administration1.

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Fluticasone propionate's use in specific populations has not been well studied10. Fluticasone propionate is not carcinogenic, mutagenic, or clastogenic, nor did it affect fertility in animal studies10Label. Subcutaneous fluticasone propionate has been shown to produce teratogenic effects in rats though oral administration does not9Label. Generally, there are no reported adverse effects with fluticasone in pregnancy6. Fluticasone propionate in human milk may cause growth suppression, effects on endogenous corticosteroid production, or other effects9,2. Pediatric patients treated with fluticasone propionate ointment experienced adrenal suppression9. Geriatric patients treated with fluticasone propionate did not show any difference in safety or efficacy compared to other patient groups, though older patients may be more sensitive to adverse effects9. There is no difference in the clearance of fluticasone propionate across genders or raceLabel. Patients with hepatic impairment should be closely monitored due to the elimination mechanismLabel5.

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
1,2-BenzodiazepineThe risk or severity of CNS depression can be increased when Fluticasone propionate is combined with 1,2-Benzodiazepine.
AbametapirThe serum concentration of Fluticasone propionate can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
AbataceptThe metabolism of Fluticasone propionate can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
AbemaciclibThe serum concentration of Abemaciclib can be increased when it is combined with Fluticasone propionate.
AcalabrutinibThe serum concentration of Acalabrutinib can be increased when it is combined with Fluticasone propionate.
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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International/Other Brands
Ezicas (Intas) / Flixonase (GlaxoSmithKline) / Flixotide (GlaxoSmithKline) / FLOVENTHFA / Flunase (GlaxoSmithKline) / Nasofan (Teva) / Pirinase (GlaxoSmithKline) / Seretide (GlaxoSmithKline)
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Aermony RespiclickPowder, metered113 mcg / actRespiratory (inhalation)Teva Italia S.R.L.2020-09-30Not applicableCanada flag
Aermony RespiclickPowder, metered55 mcg / actRespiratory (inhalation)Teva Italia S.R.L.2020-09-30Not applicableCanada flag
Aermony RespiclickPowder, metered232 mcg / actRespiratory (inhalation)Teva Italia S.R.L.2020-09-30Not applicableCanada flag
ArmonAir DigihalerPowder, metered232 ug/1Respiratory (inhalation)Teva Respiratory, LLC2020-09-152025-09-30US flag
ArmonAir DigihalerPowder, metered232 ug/1Respiratory (inhalation)Teva Respiratory, LLC2020-09-152025-09-30US flag
Generic Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Apo-fluticasoneSpray, metered50 mcg / actNasalApotex Corporation2007-07-05Not applicableCanada flag
Apo-fluticasone HFAAerosol, metered250 mcg / actRespiratory (inhalation)Apotex Corporation2021-04-26Not applicableCanada flag
Apo-fluticasone HFAAerosol, metered125 mcg / actRespiratory (inhalation)Apotex Corporation2022-11-22Not applicableCanada flag
Apo-fluticasone HFAAerosol, metered50 mcg / actRespiratory (inhalation)Apotex CorporationNot applicableNot applicableCanada flag
BeserKit0.5 mg/1mLTopicalMedimetriks Pharmaceuticals, Inc.2019-04-01Not applicableUS flag
Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
24 Hour Allergy NasalSpray, metered50 ug/1NasalShopko Stores Operating Co., LLC2016-08-23Not applicableUS flag
24 Hour Allergy NasalSpray, metered50 ug/1NasalWalgreen Company2016-05-27Not applicableUS flag
24 Hour Allergy NasalSpray, metered50 ug/1NasalHYVEE INC2016-08-082019-05-01US flag
24 Hour Allergy Relief NasalSpray, metered50 ug/1NasalMeijer Distribution Inc2016-11-172023-02-01US flag
24 Hour Allergy Relief nasalSpray, metered50 ug/1NasalKroger Company2016-05-27Not applicableUS flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
\-Fluticasone propionate (250 mcg) + Salmeterol xinafoate (50 mcg)บริษัท แกล็กโซสมิทไคล์น (ประเทศไทย)2019-07-23Not applicableThailand flag
ABRIFFFluticasone propionate (125 mcg) + Formoterol fumarate (5 mcg)Aerosol; SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)Mundipharma Pharmaceuticals S.R.L.2018-09-182021-02-01Italy flag
ABRIFFFluticasone propionate (250 mcg) + Formoterol fumarate (10 mcg)Aerosol; SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)Mundipharma Pharmaceuticals S.R.L.2014-07-08Not applicableItaly flag
ABRIFFFluticasone propionate (50 mcg) + Formoterol fumarate (5 mcg)Aerosol; SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)Mundipharma Pharmaceuticals S.R.L.2018-09-182021-02-01Italy flag
ABRIFFFluticasone propionate (125 mcg) + Formoterol fumarate (5 mcg)Aerosol; SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)Mundipharma Pharmaceuticals S.R.L.2018-09-182021-02-01Italy flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
AIRPLUS 25/125 MCG INHALASYON ICIN OLCULU DOZLU AEROSOL 120 DOZFluticasone propionate (125 mcg) + Salmeterol (25 mcg)Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)Takeda Pharma A/S2018-02-20Not applicableTurkey flag
CenoviaFluticasone propionate (0.025 g/0.025g) + Hydroquinone (2 g/2g) + Tretinoin (0.025 g/0.025g)KitTopicalAccumix Pharmaceuticals2014-12-152015-07-17US flag
Fluticasone Propionate 0.05% / Niacinamide 4%Fluticasone propionate (0.05 g/100g) + Nicotinamide (4 g/100g)CreamTopicalSincerus Florida, LLC2019-05-14Not applicableUS flag
TicanaseFluticasone propionate (50 ug/1)KitNasalPureTek Corporation2016-01-11Not applicableUS flag
ValidermFluticasone propionate (0.05 g/0.05g) + Calcitriol (0.2 mg/0.2mg) + Tacrolimus hydrate (0.05 g/0.05g)KitTopicalAccumix Pharmaceuticals2014-12-152015-07-17US flag

Categories

Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as steroid esters. These are compounds containing a steroid moiety which bears a carboxylic acid ester group.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Class
Steroids and steroid derivatives
Sub Class
Steroid esters
Direct Parent
Steroid esters
Alternative Parents
Androgens and derivatives / 11-beta-hydroxysteroids / 3-oxo delta-1,4-steroids / Halogenated steroids / Delta-1,4-steroids / Thioesters / Secondary alcohols / Carbothioic S-esters / Carboxylic acid esters / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives
show 8 more
Substituents
11-beta-hydroxysteroid / 11-hydroxysteroid / 3-oxo-delta-1,4-steroid / 3-oxosteroid / 6-halo-steroid / 9-halo-steroid / Alcohol / Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound / Alkyl fluoride / Alkyl halide
show 28 more
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
thioester, propanoate ester, 11beta-hydroxy steroid, steroid ester, fluorinated steroid, 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid, corticosteroid (CHEBI:31441)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
O2GMZ0LF5W
CAS number
80474-14-2
InChI Key
WMWTYOKRWGGJOA-CENSZEJFSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C25H31F3O5S/c1-5-20(31)33-25(21(32)34-12-26)13(2)8-15-16-10-18(27)17-9-14(29)6-7-22(17,3)24(16,28)19(30)11-23(15,25)4/h6-7,9,13,15-16,18-19,30H,5,8,10-12H2,1-4H3/t13-,15+,16+,18+,19+,22+,23+,24+,25+/m1/s1
IUPAC Name
(1R,2R,3aS,3bS,5S,9aS,9bR,10S,11aS)-5,9b-difluoro-1-{[(fluoromethyl)sulfanyl]carbonyl}-10-hydroxy-2,9a,11a-trimethyl-7-oxo-1H,2H,3H,3aH,3bH,4H,5H,7H,9aH,9bH,10H,11H,11aH-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl propanoate
SMILES
[H][C@@]12C[C@@H](C)[C@](OC(=O)CC)(C(=O)SCF)[C@@]1(C)C[C@H](O)[C@@]1(F)[C@@]2([H])C[C@H](F)C2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]12C

References

Synthesis Reference

Joseph Kaspi, Oded Arad, Michael Brand, Moty Shookrun, Simona Malka, Mohammed Alnabari, Shalom Hazan, Vlado Malesevic, "Synthesis and powder preparation of fluticasone propionate." U.S. Patent US20060009435, issued January 12, 2006.

US20060009435
General References
  1. Allen A, Bareille PJ, Rousell VM: Fluticasone furoate, a novel inhaled corticosteroid, demonstrates prolonged lung absorption kinetics in man compared with inhaled fluticasone propionate. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2013 Jan;52(1):37-42. doi: 10.1007/s40262-012-0021-x. [Article]
  2. Allen A, Schenkenberger I, Trivedi R, Cole J, Hicks W, Gul N, Jacques L: Inhaled fluticasone furoate/vilanterol does not affect hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in adolescent and adult asthma: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin Respir J. 2013 Oct;7(4):397-406. doi: 10.1111/crj.12026. Epub 2013 Jun 5. [Article]
  3. Phillipps GH: Structure-activity relationships of topically active steroids: the selection of fluticasone propionate. Respir Med. 1990 Nov;84 Suppl A:19-23. [Article]
  4. Harding SM: The human pharmacology of fluticasone propionate. Respir Med. 1990 Nov;84 Suppl A:25-9. [Article]
  5. Crim C, Pierre LN, Daley-Yates PT: A review of the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of inhaled fluticasone propionate and mometasone furoate. Clin Ther. 2001 Sep;23(9):1339-54. [Article]
  6. Choi JS, Han JY, Kim MY, Velazquez-Armenta EY, Nava-Ocampo AA: Pregnancy outcomes in women using inhaled fluticasone during pregnancy: a case series. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2007 Nov-Dec;35(6):239-42. [Article]
  7. FDA Approved Drug Products December 1990 [Link]
  8. FDA Approved Drugs: Dymista nasal spray [Link]
  9. Fluticasone Propionate (Cutivate) Ointment FDA Label [File]
  10. Fluticasone Propionate (Flonase) Nasal Spray FDA Label [File]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0005036
KEGG Drug
D01708
PubChem Compound
444036
PubChem Substance
46506140
ChemSpider
392059
BindingDB
50354849
RxNav
50121
ChEBI
31441
ChEMBL
CHEMBL1473
ZINC
ZINC000003920027
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP001039
PharmGKB
PA449686
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Fluticasone_propionate
FDA label
Download (651 KB)
MSDS
Download (53.4 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial & Rare Diseases Add-on Data Package
Explore 4,000+ rare diseases, orphan drugs & condition pairs, clinical trial why stopped data, & more. Preview package
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCountStart DateWhy Stopped100+ additional columns
Not AvailableActive Not RecruitingDiagnosticChronic Sinusitis1somestatusstop reasonjust information to hide
Not AvailableAvailableNot AvailableEosinophilic Esophagitis1somestatusstop reasonjust information to hide
Not AvailableCompletedNot AvailableAllergic Rhinitis (AR)1somestatusstop reasonjust information to hide
Not AvailableCompletedNot AvailableAsthma14somestatusstop reasonjust information to hide
Not AvailableCompletedNot AvailableAsthma / Atopy1somestatusstop reasonjust information to hide

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Glaxosmithkline
  • Glaxo group ltd dba glaxosmithkline
  • Altana inc
  • G and w laboratories inc
  • Kv pharmaceutical co
  • Perrigo new york inc
  • Tolmar inc
  • Nycomed us inc
  • Taro pharmaceutical industries ltd
  • Apotex inc richmond hill
  • Hi tech pharmacal co inc
  • Roxane laboratories inc
Packagers
  • Apotex Inc.
  • A-S Medication Solutions LLC
  • Dispensing Solutions
  • Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
  • E. Fougera and Co.
  • G & W Labs
  • GlaxoSmithKline Inc.
  • Hi Tech Pharmacal Co. Inc.
  • Letco Medical Inc.
  • Nycomed Inc.
  • Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Penn Labs
  • Perrigo Co.
  • Pharmaderm
  • Physicians Total Care Inc.
  • Professional Co.
  • Promex Medical Inc.
  • Rebel Distributors Corp.
  • Redpharm Drug
  • Roxane Labs
  • Sandoz
  • Stat Scripts LLC
  • Taro Pharmaceuticals USA
  • Tolmar Inc.
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
PowderOral; Respiratory (inhalation)
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)113 mcg / act
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)232 mcg / act
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)55 mcg / act
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)100 cg
GasRespiratory (inhalation)
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)0.500 mg
Aerosol; suspensionRespiratory (inhalation)
SuspensionIntrasinal; Nasal
Spray, meteredNasal50 mcg / act
Spray, meteredNasal0.05 G/100G
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)113 ug/1
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)232 ug/1
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)55 ug/1
SuspensionNasal50.000 mcg
KitTopical0.5 mg/1mL
LotionTopical0.5 mg/1mL
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)0.5 mg/2ml
PowderBuccal0.012 mg
CreamCutaneous0.050 g
CreamTopical0.05 %
CreamTopical0.05 % w/w
SprayNasal50 mcg/100mg
Spray, meteredNasal
Spray, suspensionRespiratory (inhalation)
Spray, suspensionRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg
SuspensionNasal
AerosolBuccal2.9410 mg
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)2 mg/2ml
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)0.208 % w/w
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)0.417 % w/w
SolutionRespiratory (inhalation)125 mcg
SolutionRespiratory (inhalation)
SolutionRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)0.05 g
SprayNasal0.05 %
SprayNasal0.05 %w/w
SprayNasal0.05 % w/w
Solution / dropsNasal400 mcg
SuspensionNasal; Respiratory (inhalation)400 cg
AerosolBuccal0.830 mg
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)0.5 mg
Aerosol; solutionRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)0.8 g
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)2 g
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)500 Mikrogramm
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)100 Mikrogramm
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)250 Mikrogramm
Aerosol, sprayRespiratory (inhalation)125 mcg
Aerosol, sprayRespiratory (inhalation)250 mcg
Aerosol, sprayRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)250 Mikrogramm
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)0.2941 g
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)0.0588 g
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)25 mcg
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)50 mg
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)50 Mikrogramm
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)2.000 mg
SolutionRespiratory (inhalation)0.5 mg/2ml
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)125 Mikrogramm
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)0.17 % w/v
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)0.5 mg
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)0.083 % w/w
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)0.25 mg
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)
SuspensionBuccal
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)125 mcg
Spray, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)125 mcg
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg
Spray, meteredNasal50 mcg
Aerosol, metered; suspensionNasal50 mcg / act
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)110 ug/1
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)220 ug/1
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)44 ug/1
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)100 ug/1
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)250 ug/1
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)50 ug/1
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)100 mcg / act
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)250 mcg / act
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg / blister
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)500 mcg / act
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)100 ug/1
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)250 ug/1
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)50 ug/1
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)125 mcg / act
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)250 mcg / act
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg / act
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)25 mcg / act
SuspensionBuccal; Respiratory (inhalation)
SolutionOral; Respiratory (inhalation)20 mg
SolutionRespiratory (inhalation)0.062 % w/w
CreamTopical0.05 g
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)5 mg
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)14.175 mg
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)125 mcg
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)250 mcg
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg
Aerosol; suspensionRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg
Aerosol, powderRespiratory (inhalation)
Aerosol; suspensionRespiratory (inhalation)125 mcg
Aerosol; suspensionRespiratory (inhalation)250 mcg
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)100 mcg
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)250 mcg
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)500 mcg
CapsuleRespiratory (inhalation)
Aerosol; aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)
SprayNasal50 UG
GasRespiratory (inhalation)125 UG
GasRespiratory (inhalation)250 UG
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)0.05 mg
Spray, suspensionNasal50 mcg
CreamTopical0.5 mg/1
CreamTopical0.5 mg/1g
OintmentTopical0.05 mg/1g
Spray, meteredNasal50 ug/0.1g
Spray, meteredNasal50 ug/1
CreamTopical
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)
Aerosol, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)250 UG
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)500 UG
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)0.07 g
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)50 ug
PowderRespiratory (inhalation)100 µg
GasRespiratory (inhalation)50 µg
SprayNasal50 µg
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)
Aerosol, sprayRespiratory (inhalation)
SuspensionOral; Respiratory (inhalation)
AerosolBuccal0.062 g
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)0.05 % w/v
SprayNasal50 mcg
SprayNasal
SolutionRespiratory (inhalation)0.125 mg
SuspensionNasal0.500 mg
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)125 cg
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)0.4167 g
SuspensionRespiratory (inhalation)50 cg
Cream0.05 %
Solution / dropsNasal0.1 %
SuspensionIntrasinal; Nasal0.05 g
SolutionIntrasinal; Nasal50 mg
SuspensionIntrasinal; Nasal50 mg
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)100 mcg
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)250 mcg
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)500 mcg
OintmentCutaneous
AerosolRespiratory (inhalation)250 mcg
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)100 mcg/inhalation
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)250 mcg/inhalation
Powder, meteredRespiratory (inhalation)500 mcg/inhalation
AerosolBuccal
Aerosol, sprayRespiratory (inhalation)125 mcg
Aerosol, sprayRespiratory (inhalation)250 mcg
Aerosol, sprayRespiratory (inhalation)50 mcg
PowderBuccal0.0725 mg
SprayNasal
KitNasal50 ug/1
SprayNasal50 ug/1
PowderBuccal
KitTopical
Spray, meteredNasal93 ug/1
Spray, suspensionNasal50 mcg/1dose
Spray, suspensionNasal
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Fluticasone propionate powder1500.0USD g
Cutivate 0.05% Lotion 120ml Bottle454.6USD bottle
Advair Diskus 60 500-50 mcg/dose Aerosol Disp Pack328.14USD disp
Advair Diskus 60 250-50 mcg/dose Aerosol Disp Pack249.48USD disp
Flovent HFA 220 mcg/act Aerosol 12 gm Inhaler237.67USD inhaler
Cutivate 0.05% Cream 60 gm Tube217.11USD tube
Advair Diskus 60 100-50 mcg/dose Aerosol Disp Pack200.79USD disp
Advair Diskus 14 500-50 mcg/dose Aerosol Disp Pack156.64USD disp
Flovent HFA 110 mcg/act Aerosol 12 gm Inhaler153.01USD inhaler
Cutivate 0.005% Ointment 60 gm Tube128.28USD tube
Flovent HFA 44 mcg/act Aerosol 10.6 gm Inhaler114.27USD inhaler
Flovent Diskus 60 50 mcg/blist Aerosol Inhaler104.74USD inhaler
Flonase 50 mcg/act Suspension 16 gm Bottle94.59USD bottle
Fluticasone Propionate 50 mcg/act Suspension 16 gm Bottle78.28USD bottle
Cutivate 0.05% Cream 30 gm Tube62.99USD tube
Fluticasone Propionate 0.005% Ointment 60 gm Tube56.27USD tube
Fluticasone Propionate 0.05% Cream 60 gm Tube56.27USD tube
Cutivate 0.005% Ointment 30 gm Tube44.99USD tube
Fluticasone Propionate 0.005% Ointment 30 gm Tube35.67USD tube
Fluticasone Propionate 0.05% Cream 30 gm Tube35.67USD tube
Cutivate 0.005% Ointment 15 gm Tube32.99USD tube
Cutivate 0.05% Cream 15 gm Tube32.99USD tube
Advair hfa 230-21 mcg inhaler25.04USD g
Fluticasone Propionate 0.005% Ointment 15 gm Tube23.14USD tube
Fluticasone Propionate 0.05% Cream 15 gm Tube23.14USD tube
Advair hfa 115-21 mcg inhaler18.13USD g
Flovent hfa 220 mcg inhaler15.54USD g
Advair hfa 45-21 mcg inhaler14.59USD g
Flovent hfa 110 mcg inhaler12.26USD g
Flovent hfa 44 mcg inhaler10.99USD g
Flonase 0.05% nasal spray5.68USD g
Advair 500-50 diskus5.26USD each
Advair 250-50 diskus4.0USD each
Cutivate 0.05% cream3.48USD g
Advair 100-50 diskus3.22USD each
Flovent 250 mcg diskus2.45USD each
Flovent 100 mcg diskus1.83USD each
Flovent 50 mcg diskus1.74USD each
Flovent Diskus 500 mcg/dose Metered Inhalation Powder1.55USD dose
Flovent Diskus 250 mcg/dose Metered Inhalation Powder0.77USD dose
Flovent Hfa 250 mcg/dose Metered Dose Aerosol0.77USD dose
Flovent Hfa 125 mcg/dose Metered Dose Aerosol0.39USD dose
Flovent Hfa 50 mcg/dose Metered Dose Aerosol0.22USD dose
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Patents
Patent NumberPediatric ExtensionApprovedExpires (estimated)Region
USRE40045No2008-02-052010-09-07US flag
CA2317999No2004-11-092020-09-11Canada flag
CA2125667No2000-03-132012-12-04Canada flag
US5873360Yes1999-02-232016-08-23US flag
US6446627No2002-09-102017-12-18US flag
US6743413Yes2004-06-012021-12-01US flag
US6938796Yes2005-09-062018-07-16US flag
US6997349Yes2006-02-142018-07-16US flag
US6431168Yes2002-08-132018-12-08US flag
US7107986Yes2006-09-192018-12-06US flag
US7500444Yes2009-03-102026-08-26US flag
US6315173Yes2001-11-132018-06-23US flag
US7143908Yes2006-12-052018-07-16US flag
US6170717Yes2001-01-092018-06-23US flag
US7350676Yes2008-04-012019-02-24US flag
US7832351Yes2010-11-162023-12-19US flag
US6161724Yes2000-12-192018-07-16US flag
US6510969Yes2003-01-282018-06-23US flag
US6966467Yes2005-11-222018-06-23US flag
US6435372Yes2002-08-202018-07-16US flag
US7300669No2007-11-272019-10-20US flag
US8163723Yes2012-04-242024-02-29US flag
US9259428Yes2016-02-162023-12-13US flag
US8168620Yes2012-05-012026-08-24US flag
US6871646No2005-03-292021-06-23US flag
US8978966Yes2015-03-172032-07-13US flag
US6701917No2004-03-092021-06-23US flag
US7540282Yes2009-06-022023-11-06US flag
US6748947No2004-06-152021-06-23US flag
US8006690No2011-08-302021-06-23US flag
US6718972No2004-04-132021-06-23US flag
US9216260Yes2015-12-222031-12-28US flag
US8651103Yes2014-02-182028-09-26US flag
US8327844No2012-12-112023-10-03US flag
US7975690No2011-07-122025-08-18US flag
US6715485No2004-04-062020-03-03US flag
US8550073No2013-10-082029-10-22US flag
US8978647No2015-03-172030-12-06US flag
US9463288Yes2016-10-112025-11-19US flag
US8714149Yes2014-05-062032-08-25US flag
US9616024Yes2017-04-112025-03-01US flag
US9066957Yes2015-06-302035-04-06US flag
US9415008Yes2016-08-162035-04-06US flag
US9731087Yes2017-08-152031-11-18US flag
US9072857No2015-07-072021-04-10US flag
US9468727No2016-10-182020-07-30US flag
US8522778No2013-09-032022-05-11US flag
US8555878No2013-10-152020-03-20US flag
US9901585No2018-02-272023-06-13US flag
US9861771No2018-01-092020-10-11US flag
US9987229Yes2018-06-052025-03-01US flag
US10022510Yes2018-07-172031-11-18US flag
US10076615No2018-09-182029-07-30US flag
US10076614No2018-09-182034-10-20US flag
US10124132No2018-11-132027-03-06US flag
US10124131Yes2018-11-132031-11-18US flag
US9782550Yes2017-10-102036-02-28US flag
US9782551Yes2017-10-102036-02-28US flag
US10179216No2019-01-152033-07-08US flag
US10195375Yes2019-02-052031-08-14US flag
US10252010No2019-04-092031-02-07US flag
US10300229No2019-05-282035-07-07US flag
US10478574No2019-11-192033-11-04US flag
US10569034Yes2020-02-252037-02-16US flag
US10561808Yes2020-02-182032-07-01US flag
US10765820Yes2020-09-082025-11-19US flag
US10918816Yes2021-02-162036-06-14US flag
US11000653Yes2021-05-112039-06-18US flag
US11033696No2021-06-152033-05-20US flag
US11173259Yes2021-11-162041-01-06US flag
US11266796Yes2021-08-222041-08-22US flag
US11344685Yes2020-03-262040-03-26US flag
US11351317Yes2018-08-102038-08-10US flag
US11357935Yes2019-03-242039-03-24US flag
US11439777Yes2020-11-242040-11-24US flag
US11464923Yes2020-12-192040-12-19US flag
US11554229No2016-02-232036-02-23US flag
US11602603No2008-10-272028-10-27US flag
US11969544Yes2020-02-202040-02-20US flag

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)261-273 °C[MSDS]
water solubilityInsoluble[MSDS]
logP2.78[MSDS]
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0114 mg/mLALOGPS
logP3.69ALOGPS
logP3.72Chemaxon
logS-4.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)13.61Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.4Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area80.67 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count6Chemaxon
Refractivity121.65 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability49.29 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings4Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveNoChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9964
Blood Brain Barrier+0.9701
Caco-2 permeable+0.5417
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.7099
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IInhibitor0.7192
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.8636
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.8689
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.868
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.9116
CYP450 3A4 substrateSubstrate0.7407
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.9045
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9071
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9231
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9026
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorInhibitor0.8988
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.8682
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.798
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.8901
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable1.0
Rat acute toxicity2.3753 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.99
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.6125
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-005i-8973700000-7ae41b4f0c6c91175556
MS/MS Spectrum - , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-03dl-0497100000-b64248896abdef386eaf
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0pe9-0000920000-26535501771e01bf9f85
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00di-9000300000-34462c02974acb33120c
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-b051755a049ba0ae2fb7
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0zfr-1112930000-ee6f5857da8657e11d17
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00dl-9104200000-7190b04f1f3063f51d63
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0ugl-7789440000-6882c561d5c2bc5921ee
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-219.2258571
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-209.7664
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+218.9559571
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+211.66183
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+218.9665571
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+218.35823
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Details
1. Glucocorticoid receptor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC) (PubMed:27120390, PubMed:37478846). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors (PubMed:28139699). Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Involved in chromatin remodeling (PubMed:9590696). Plays a role in rapid mRNA degradation by binding to the 5' UTR of target mRNAs and interacting with PNRC2 in a ligand-dependent manner which recruits the RNA helicase UPF1 and the mRNA-decapping enzyme DCP1A, leading to RNA decay (PubMed:25775514). Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth (By similarity)
Specific Function
core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
Gene Name
NR3C1
Uniprot ID
P04150
Uniprot Name
Glucocorticoid receptor
Molecular Weight
85658.57 Da
References
  1. Andersson O, Cassel TN, Gronneberg R, Bronnegard M, Stierna P, Nord M: In vivo modulation of glucocorticoid receptor mRNA by inhaled fluticasone propionate in bronchial mucosa and blood lymphocytes in subjects with mild asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Apr;103(4):595-600. [Article]
  2. Lumry WR: A review of the preclinical and clinical data of newer intranasal steroids used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Oct;104(4 Pt 1):S150-8. [Article]
  3. Zhang X, Moilanen E, Kankaanranta H: Beclomethasone, budesonide and fluticasone propionate inhibit human neutrophil apoptosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 Nov 23;431(3):365-71. [Article]
  4. Hogger P, Rohdewald P: Binding kinetics of fluticasone propionate to the human glucocorticoid receptor. Steroids. 1994 Oct;59(10):597-602. [Article]
  5. Johnson M: Fluticasone propionate: safety profile. Cutis. 1996 Feb;57(2 Suppl):10-2. [Article]
  6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Depending on the isoform, progesterone receptor functions as a transcriptional activator or repressor
Specific Function
ATPase binding
Gene Name
PGR
Uniprot ID
P06401
Uniprot Name
Progesterone receptor
Molecular Weight
98979.96 Da
References
  1. Issar M, Sahasranaman S, Buchwald P, Hochhaus G: Differences in the glucocorticoid to progesterone receptor selectivity of inhaled glucocorticoids. Eur Respir J. 2006 Mar;27(3):511-6. [Article]
  2. Austin RJ, Maschera B, Walker A, Fairbairn L, Meldrum E, Farrow SN, Uings IJ: Mometasone furoate is a less specific glucocorticoid than fluticasone propionate. Eur Respir J. 2002 Dec;20(6):1386-92. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Has primarily calcium-dependent phospholipase and lysophospholipase activities, with a major role in membrane lipid remodeling and biosynthesis of lipid mediators of the inflammatory response (PubMed:10358058, PubMed:14709560, PubMed:16617059, PubMed:17472963, PubMed:18451993, PubMed:27642067, PubMed:7794891, PubMed:8619991, PubMed:8702602, PubMed:9425121). Plays an important role in embryo implantation and parturition through its ability to trigger prostanoid production (By similarity). Preferentially hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity) (PubMed:10358058, PubMed:17472963, PubMed:18451993, PubMed:7794891, PubMed:8619991, PubMed:9425121). Selectively hydrolyzes sn-2 arachidonoyl group from membrane phospholipids, providing the precursor for eicosanoid biosynthesis via the cyclooxygenase pathway (PubMed:10358058, PubMed:17472963, PubMed:18451993, PubMed:7794891, PubMed:9425121). In an alternative pathway of eicosanoid biosynthesis, hydrolyzes sn-2 fatty acyl chain of eicosanoid lysophopholipids to release free bioactive eicosanoids (PubMed:27642067). Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-1 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A1 activity) only if an ether linkage rather than an ester linkage is present at the sn-2 position. This hydrolysis is not stereospecific (PubMed:7794891). Has calcium-independent phospholipase A2 and lysophospholipase activities in the presence of phosphoinositides (PubMed:12672805). Has O-acyltransferase activity. Catalyzes the transfer of fatty acyl chains from phospholipids to a primary hydroxyl group of glycerol (sn-1 or sn-3), potentially contributing to monoacylglycerol synthesis (PubMed:7794891)
Specific Function
calcium ion binding
Gene Name
PLA2G4A
Uniprot ID
P47712
Uniprot Name
Cytosolic phospholipase A2
Molecular Weight
85238.2 Da
References
  1. Sano A, Munoz NM, Sano H, Choi J, Zhu X, Jacobs B, Leff AR: Inhibition of cPLA2 translocation and leukotriene C4 secretion by fluticasone propionate in exogenously activated human eosinophils. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Jun;159(6):1903-9. [Article]
  2. Myo S, Zhu X, Myou S, Meliton AY, Liu J, Boetticher E, Lambertino AT, Xu C, Munoz NM, Leff AR: Additive blockade of beta 2-integrin adhesion of eosinophils by salmeterol and fluticasone propionate. Eur Respir J. 2004 Apr;23(4):511-7. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Receptor for both mineralocorticoids (MC) such as aldosterone and glucocorticoids (GC) such as corticosterone or cortisol. Binds to mineralocorticoid response elements (MRE) and transactivates target genes. The effect of MC is to increase ion and water transport and thus raise extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure and lower potassium levels
Specific Function
DNA-binding transcription factor activity
Gene Name
NR3C2
Uniprot ID
P08235
Uniprot Name
Mineralocorticoid receptor
Molecular Weight
107080.615 Da
References
  1. Austin RJ, Maschera B, Walker A, Fairbairn L, Meldrum E, Farrow SN, Uings IJ: Mometasone furoate is a less specific glucocorticoid than fluticasone propionate. Eur Respir J. 2002 Dec;20(6):1386-92. [Article]
  2. Issar M, Sahasranaman S, Buchwald P, Hochhaus G: Differences in the glucocorticoid to progesterone receptor selectivity of inhaled glucocorticoids. Eur Respir J. 2006 Mar;27(3):511-6. [Article]

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
General Function
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and vitamins (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:2732228). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of catechol estrogens from 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2 (PubMed:12865317). Catalyzes 6beta-hydroxylation of the steroid hormones testosterone, progesterone, and androstenedione (PubMed:2732228). Catalyzes the oxidative conversion of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes all trans-retinoic acid (atRA) to 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics, including calcium channel blocking drug nifedipine and immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine (PubMed:2732228)
Specific Function
aromatase activity
Gene Name
CYP3A5
Uniprot ID
P20815
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A5
Molecular Weight
57108.065 Da
References
  1. Pearce RE, Leeder JS, Kearns GL: Biotransformation of fluticasone: in vitro characterization. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Jun;34(6):1035-40. Epub 2006 Mar 24. [Article]
  2. Murai T, Reilly CA, Ward RM, Yost GS: The inhaled glucocorticoid fluticasone propionate efficiently inactivates cytochrome P450 3A5, a predominant lung P450 enzyme. Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 Aug 16;23(8):1356-64. doi: 10.1021/tx100124k. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and vitamins during embryogenesis (PubMed:11093772, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:17178770, PubMed:9555064). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:11093772, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:17178770, PubMed:9555064). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA), a precursor in the biosynthesis of androgen and estrogen steroid hormones (PubMed:17178770, PubMed:9555064). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1), particularly D-ring hydroxylated estrone at the C16-alpha position (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847). Mainly hydroxylates all trans-retinoic acid (atRA) to 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in atRA clearance during fetal development (PubMed:11093772). Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics including anticonvulsants (PubMed:9555064)
Specific Function
all-trans retinoic acid 18-hydroxylase activity
Gene Name
CYP3A7
Uniprot ID
P24462
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A7
Molecular Weight
57469.95 Da
References
  1. Pearce RE, Leeder JS, Kearns GL: Biotransformation of fluticasone: in vitro characterization. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Jun;34(6):1035-40. Epub 2006 Mar 24. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins (PubMed:11093772, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:11093772, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697). Primarily catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:15766564, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:7574697). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes all trans-retinoic acid toward its 4-hydroxylated form (PubMed:11093772). Displays 16-alpha hydroxylase activity toward estrogen steroid hormones, 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) (PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism of the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol) (PubMed:26427316)
Specific Function
arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity
Gene Name
CYP2C8
Uniprot ID
P10632
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2C8
Molecular Weight
55824.275 Da
References
  1. Backman JT, Filppula AM, Niemi M, Neuvonen PJ: Role of Cytochrome P450 2C8 in Drug Metabolism and Interactions. Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Jan;68(1):168-241. doi: 10.1124/pr.115.011411. [Article]
  2. FDA reports [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
General Function
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of sterols, steroid hormones, retinoids and fatty acids (PubMed:10681376, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:19965576, PubMed:20702771, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds (PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:21490593, PubMed:21576599, PubMed:2732228). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2, as well as D-ring hydroxylated E1 and E2 at the C-16 position (PubMed:11555828, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:14559847). Plays a role in the metabolism of androgens, particularly in oxidative deactivation of testosterone (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:22773874, PubMed:2732228). Metabolizes testosterone to less biologically active 2beta- and 6beta-hydroxytestosterones (PubMed:15373842, PubMed:15764715, PubMed:2732228). Contributes to the formation of hydroxycholesterols (oxysterols), particularly A-ring hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-4beta position, and side chain hydroxylated cholesterol at the C-25 position, likely contributing to cholesterol degradation and bile acid biosynthesis (PubMed:21576599). Catalyzes bisallylic hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (PubMed:9435160). Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of PUFA with a preference for the last double bond (PubMed:19965576). Metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs), potentially modulating endocannabinoid system signaling (PubMed:20702771). Plays a role in the metabolism of retinoids. Displays high catalytic activity for oxidation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal, a rate-limiting step for the biosynthesis of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) (PubMed:10681376). Further metabolizes atRA toward 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in hepatic atRA clearance (PubMed:11093772). Responsible for oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. Acts as a 2-exo-monooxygenase for plant lipid 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) (PubMed:11159812). Metabolizes the majority of the administered drugs. Catalyzes sulfoxidation of the anthelmintics albendazole and fenbendazole (PubMed:10759686). Hydroxylates antimalarial drug quinine (PubMed:8968357). Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase (PubMed:11695850). Also involved in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Catalyzes the inactivation of the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)) (PubMed:29461981)
Specific Function
1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase activity
Gene Name
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID
P08684
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight
57342.67 Da
References
  1. Pearce RE, Leeder JS, Kearns GL: Biotransformation of fluticasone: in vitro characterization. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Jun;34(6):1035-40. Epub 2006 Mar 24. [Article]
  2. Murai T, Reilly CA, Ward RM, Yost GS: The inhaled glucocorticoid fluticasone propionate efficiently inactivates cytochrome P450 3A5, a predominant lung P450 enzyme. Chem Res Toxicol. 2010 Aug 16;23(8):1356-64. doi: 10.1021/tx100124k. [Article]

Carriers

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions (PubMed:10358072, PubMed:15159445, PubMed:17412826). Shows broad substrate specificity, can transport both organic anions such as bile acid taurocholate (cholyltaurine) and conjugated steroids (dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, and estrone 3-sulfate), as well as eicosanoids (prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2, leukotriene C4, and leukotriene E4), and thyroid hormones (T4/L-thyroxine, and T3/3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine) (PubMed:10358072, PubMed:10601278, PubMed:10873595, PubMed:11159893, PubMed:12196548, PubMed:12568656, PubMed:15159445, PubMed:15970799, PubMed:16627748, PubMed:17412826, PubMed:19129463, PubMed:26979622). Can take up bilirubin glucuronides from plasma into the liver, contributing to the detoxification-enhancing liver-blood shuttling loop (PubMed:22232210). Involved in the clearance of endogenous and exogenous substrates from the liver (PubMed:10358072, PubMed:10601278). Transports coproporphyrin I and III, by-products of heme synthesis, and may be involved in their hepatic disposition (PubMed:26383540). May contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Can transport HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (also known as statins), such as pravastatin and pitavastatin, a clinically important class of hypolipidemic drugs (PubMed:10601278, PubMed:15159445, PubMed:15970799). May play an important role in plasma and tissue distribution of the structurally diverse chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate (PubMed:23243220). May also transport antihypertension agents, such as the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor prodrug enalapril, and the highly selective angiotensin II AT1-receptor antagonist valsartan, in the liver (PubMed:16624871, PubMed:16627748). Shows a pH-sensitive substrate specificity towards prostaglandin E2 and T4 which may be ascribed to the protonation state of the binding site and leads to a stimulation of substrate transport in an acidic microenvironment (PubMed:19129463). Hydrogencarbonate/HCO3(-) acts as the probable counteranion that exchanges for organic anions (PubMed:19129463)
Specific Function
bile acid transmembrane transporter activity
Gene Name
SLCO1B1
Uniprot ID
Q9Y6L6
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1
Molecular Weight
76447.99 Da
References
  1. FDA reports [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Major transport protein for glucocorticoids and progestins in the blood of almost all vertebrate species
Specific Function
serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
Gene Name
SERPINA6
Uniprot ID
P08185
Uniprot Name
Corticosteroid-binding globulin
Molecular Weight
45140.49 Da
References
  1. Gardill BR, Vogl MR, Lin HY, Hammond GL, Muller YA: Corticosteroid-binding globulin: structure-function implications from species differences. PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e52759. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052759. Epub 2012 Dec 26. [Article]

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Translocates drugs and phospholipids across the membrane (PubMed:2897240, PubMed:35970996, PubMed:8898203, PubMed:9038218). Catalyzes the flop of phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exoplasmic leaflet of the apical membrane. Participates mainly to the flop of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, beta-D-glucosylceramides and sphingomyelins (PubMed:8898203). Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells (PubMed:2897240, PubMed:35970996, PubMed:9038218)
Specific Function
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activity
Gene Name
ABCB1
Uniprot ID
P08183
Uniprot Name
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1
Molecular Weight
141477.255 Da
References
  1. FDA reports [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions (PubMed:10358072, PubMed:15159445, PubMed:17412826). Shows broad substrate specificity, can transport both organic anions such as bile acid taurocholate (cholyltaurine) and conjugated steroids (dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, and estrone 3-sulfate), as well as eicosanoids (prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2, leukotriene C4, and leukotriene E4), and thyroid hormones (T4/L-thyroxine, and T3/3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine) (PubMed:10358072, PubMed:10601278, PubMed:10873595, PubMed:11159893, PubMed:12196548, PubMed:12568656, PubMed:15159445, PubMed:15970799, PubMed:16627748, PubMed:17412826, PubMed:19129463, PubMed:26979622). Can take up bilirubin glucuronides from plasma into the liver, contributing to the detoxification-enhancing liver-blood shuttling loop (PubMed:22232210). Involved in the clearance of endogenous and exogenous substrates from the liver (PubMed:10358072, PubMed:10601278). Transports coproporphyrin I and III, by-products of heme synthesis, and may be involved in their hepatic disposition (PubMed:26383540). May contribute to regulate the transport of organic compounds in testes across the blood-testis-barrier (Probable). Can transport HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (also known as statins), such as pravastatin and pitavastatin, a clinically important class of hypolipidemic drugs (PubMed:10601278, PubMed:15159445, PubMed:15970799). May play an important role in plasma and tissue distribution of the structurally diverse chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate (PubMed:23243220). May also transport antihypertension agents, such as the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor prodrug enalapril, and the highly selective angiotensin II AT1-receptor antagonist valsartan, in the liver (PubMed:16624871, PubMed:16627748). Shows a pH-sensitive substrate specificity towards prostaglandin E2 and T4 which may be ascribed to the protonation state of the binding site and leads to a stimulation of substrate transport in an acidic microenvironment (PubMed:19129463). Hydrogencarbonate/HCO3(-) acts as the probable counteranion that exchanges for organic anions (PubMed:19129463)
Specific Function
bile acid transmembrane transporter activity
Gene Name
SLCO1B1
Uniprot ID
Q9Y6L6
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1
Molecular Weight
76447.99 Da
References
  1. FDA reports [Link]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at October 21, 2024 12:36