Lactic acid

Identification

Summary

Lactic acid is an emollient and keratolytic used agent in various cosmetic products and used as an additive in various pharmaceutical products for its antibacterial properties.

Brand Names

Dextrose and Electrolyte No. 75, Dianeal, Dianeal Low Calcium 1.5, Dianeal Pd-2/1.5, Extraneal, Glycerolyte 57, Ionosol-MB, Lactate 1-2-3, Lactated Ringers, Nxstage Pureflow, Physioneal 40, Plasma-lyte R, Prismasol, Ringers

Generic Name

Lactic acid

DrugBank Accession Number

DB04398

Background

A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed) Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, and has a mild saline taste. It is produced by fermentation of a sugar source, such as corn or beets, and then, by neutralizing the resulting lactic acid to create a compound having the formula NaC3H5O3.

Lactic acid was one of active ingredients in Phexxi, a non-hormonal contraceptive agent that was approved by the FDA on May 2020.¹

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved, Vet approved

Structure

Similar Structures

Weight: Average: 90.0779
Monoisotopic: 90.031694058
Chemical Formula: C₃H₆O₃

Synonyms

(±)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid
2-Hydroxypropanoic acid
2-Hydroxypropionic acid
ácido láctico
Acidum lacticum
DL- lactic acid
DL-Lactic Acid
DL-Milchsäure
Lactic acid
Lacticum acidum
Milchsäure
Milk acid
rac-lactic acid
α-hydroxypropanoic acid
α-hydroxypropionic acid

External IDs

BRN 5238667
CCRIS 2951
E270
NSC 367919
SY-83

Pharmacology

Indication

For use as an alkalinizing agent.

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Associated Conditions

Associated Therapies

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Lactic acid produces a metabolic alkalinizing effect.

Mechanism of action

Lactate ions are metabolized ultimately to carbon dioxide and water, which requires the consumption of hydrogen cations.

Target	Actions	Organism
UBifunctional protein PutA	Not Available	Escherichia coli (strain K12)
UNimA-related protein	Not Available	Deinococcus radiodurans (strain ATCC 13939 / DSM 20539 / JCM 16871 / LMG 4051 / NBRC 15346 / NCIMB 9279 / R1 / VKM B-1422)

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Not Available

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions: This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions: No interactions found.

Products

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Product Ingredients

Ingredient	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Sodium lactate	TU7HW0W0QT	72-17-3	NGSFWBMYFKHRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Active Moieties

Name	Kind	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Sodium cation	ionic	LYR4M0NH37	17341-25-2	FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Brand Name Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Lactic Acid	Cream	100 mg/1g	Topical	River's Edge Pharmaceuticals, LLC	2006-06-01	2011-11-30
Lactic Acid	Cream	11.34 g/113.4g	Topical	Stratus Pharmaceuticals	2009-01-16	2017-05-03
Lactic Acid	Lotion	.1 mL/1mL	Topical	River's Edge Pharmaceuticals, LLC	2006-06-01	2010-02-28
Lactic Acid	Lotion	1 g/10mL	Topical	Stratus Pharmaceuticals	2009-01-08	2017-05-03
Lactinol	Lotion	35.484 mL/354.84mL	Topical	Pedinol Pharmacal, Inc.	1992-02-01	2009-10-26
Lactinol-E	Cream	11.34 g/113.4g	Topical	Pedinol Pharmacal, Inc.	1991-02-01	2009-11-10
Sodium Lactate	Injection, solution, concentrate	5.6 g/10mL	Intravenous	Hospira, Inc.	2006-06-28	2019-10-01
Sodium Lactate	Injection, solution	1.87 g/100mL	Intravenous	Baxter Laboratories	1971-03-22	2012-10-31

Over the Counter Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Cheongin Haejanghwan	Pellet	0.001 g/1g	Oral	Entechbio Co., Ltd	2011-02-18	Not applicable
Cheongin Haewoohwan	Pellet	0.001 g/1g	Oral	Entechbio Co., Ltd	2011-02-18	Not applicable
Cheongin Samrakhwan	Pellet	0.001 g/1g	Oral	Entechbio Co., Ltd	2011-02-17	Not applicable
Cluederm Aqua Solution Peel Plus	Liquid	45 mg/500mL	Topical	Classys Inc.	2018-07-19	2019-03-29
Fresh Morning Bifidus bifidus	Powder	0.0316 mg/1mg	Oral	Saimdang Cosmetics Co., Ltd	2010-08-21	Not applicable
Herbal Stemcell Aha Peel	Liquid	0.01 mg/1mL	Topical	Ami Cosmetic Co.,Ltd.	2013-08-01	2019-01-15
Keri Fast Absorbing - Aha - Lot 5%	Lotion	5 %	Topical	Bristol Myers Squibb	1996-06-27	2001-07-30
Keri Original - Aha - Lotion 5%	Lotion	5 %	Topical	Bristol Myers Squibb	1996-06-27	2002-07-04
Lactimol - Crm 10%	Cream	10 %	Topical	Ucb Inc	1996-12-06	1998-04-21
Penederm Lotion	Lotion	5 %	Topical	Penederm Inc.	1995-12-31	2001-08-17

Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
(40 Mmols/l) Potassium Chloride In Lactated Ringer's Injection USP	Sodium lactate (310 mg / 100 mL) + Calcium chloride (20 mg / 100 mL) + Potassium chloride (328 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium chloride (600 mg / 100 mL)	Solution	Intravenous	Baxter Laboratories	2002-12-11	2016-07-15
5% Dextrose In Lactated Ringer's Injection	Sodium lactate (310 mg / 100 mL) + Calcium chloride (20 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g / 100 mL) + Potassium chloride (30 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium chloride (600 mg / 100 mL)	Solution	Intravenous	B. Braun Medical Inc.	1993-12-31	2012-04-10
AnubisMed	Lactic acid (5 g/50mL) + Ammonia (2.75 g/50mL) + Ascorbyl glucoside (0.25 g/50mL) + Ethanol (6.3 mL/50mL) + Ethylhexylglycerin (0.025 g/50mL) + Glycolic acid (17 g/50mL) + Hexylresorcinol (1 g/50mL) + Hydroxyethyl cellulose (0.34875 g/50mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (0.75 g/50mL) + Kojic acid (2.5 g/50mL) + Phenoxyethanol (0.225 g/50mL) + Propylene glycol (0.5 g/50mL) + Salicylic acid (1 g/50mL) + Water (7.333 mL/50mL)	Liquid	Topical	ANUBIS COSMETICS SL	2022-11-04	2027-07-01
AZONEFROL-PD PERİTON DİYALİZ ÇÖZELTİSİ, 2000 ML ÇİFTLİ TORBA	Sodium lactate (4480 mg/L) + Alanine (951 mg/L) + Arginine (1071 mg/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (184 mg/L) + Glycine (510 mg/L) + Histidine (714 mg/L) + Isoleucine (850 mg/L) + Leucine (1020 mg/L) + Lysine hydrochloride (955 mg/L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (51 mg/L) + N-Acetylmethionine (850 mg/L) + Phenylalanine (570 mg/L) + Proline (595 mg/L) + Serine (510 mg/L) + Sodium chloride (5380 mg/L) + Threonine (646 mg/L) + Tryptophan (270 mg/L) + Tyrosine (300 mg/L) + Valine (1393 mg/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	POLİFARMA İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
AZONEFROL-PD PERİTON DİYALİZ ÇÖZELTİSİ, 2000 ML TEKLİ TORBA	Sodium lactate (4480 mg/L) + Alanine (951 mg/L) + Arginine (1071 mg/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (184 mg/L) + Glycine (510 mg/L) + Histidine (714 mg/L) + Isoleucine (850 mg/L) + Leucine (1020 mg/L) + Lysine hydrochloride (955 mg/L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (51 mg/L) + N-Acetylmethionine (850 mg/L) + Phenylalanine (570 mg/L) + Proline (595 mg/L) + Serine (510 mg/L) + Sodium chloride (5380 mg/L) + Threonine (646 mg/L) + Tryptophan (270 mg/L) + Tyrosine (300 mg/L) + Valine (1393 mg/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	POLİFARMA İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
AZONEFROL-PD PERİTON DİYALİZ ÇÖZELTİSİ, 2500 ML ÇİFTLİ TORBA	Sodium lactate (4480 mg/L) + Alanine (951 mg/L) + Arginine (1071 mg/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (184 mg/L) + Glycine (510 mg/L) + Histidine (714 mg/L) + Isoleucine (850 mg/L) + Leucine (1020 mg/L) + Lysine hydrochloride (955 mg/L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (51 mg/L) + N-Acetylmethionine (850 mg/L) + Phenylalanine (570 mg/L) + Proline (595 mg/L) + Serine (510 mg/L) + Sodium chloride (5380 mg/L) + Threonine (646 mg/L) + Tryptophan (270 mg/L) + Tyrosine (300 mg/L) + Valine (1393 mg/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	POLİFARMA İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
AZONEFROL-PD PERİTON DİYALİZ ÇÖZELTİSİ, 2500 ML TEKLİ TORBA	Sodium lactate (4480 mg/L) + Alanine (951 mg/L) + Arginine (1071 mg/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (184 mg/L) + Glycine (510 mg/L) + Histidine (714 mg/L) + Isoleucine (850 mg/L) + Leucine (1020 mg/L) + Lysine hydrochloride (955 mg/L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (51 mg/L) + N-Acetylmethionine (850 mg/L) + Phenylalanine (570 mg/L) + Proline (595 mg/L) + Serine (510 mg/L) + Sodium chloride (5380 mg/L) + Threonine (646 mg/L) + Tryptophan (270 mg/L) + Tyrosine (300 mg/L) + Valine (1393 mg/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	POLİFARMA İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
balance 1,5% Glucose, 1,25 mmol/l Calcium, Peritonealdialyselösung	Sodium lactate (7.85 g/l) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.3675 g/l) + Dextrose, unspecified form (30 g/l) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.2033 g/l) + Sodium chloride (11.279 g/l)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	Fresenius Medical Care Deutchland Gmbh	2003-10-13	Not applicable
balance 1,5% Glucose, 1,75 mmol/l Calcium, Peritonealdialyselösung	Sodium lactate (7.85 g/l) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.5145 g/l) + Dextrose, unspecified form (30 g/l) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.2033 g/l) + Sodium chloride (11.279 g/l)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	Fresenius Medical Care Deutchland Gmbh	2003-10-13	Not applicable
BALANCE 1.5% GLUCOSE 1.25 MMOL/L CALCIUM PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SOLUTION (CAPD 17 FORMULATION)	Sodium lactate (3.925 G/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.1838 G/L) + D-glucose monohydrate (16.5 G/L) + Magnesium chloride (0.1017 G/L) + Sodium chloride (5.64 G/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	FRESENIUS MEDICAL CARE SINGAPORE PTE. LTD.	2007-02-05	Not applicable

Unapproved/Other Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
1/6 MOLAR SODYUM LAKTAT 1000 ML SOLUSYON SETLI SISE	Sodium lactate (1.87 g/100mL)	Solution	Intravenous	OSEL İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
1/6 MOLAR SODYUM LAKTAT 1000 ML SOLUSYON SETSIZ SISE	Sodium lactate (1.87 g/100mL)	Solution	Intravenous	OSEL İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
1/6 MOLAR SODYUM LAKTAT 500 ML SOLUSYON SETLI SISE	Sodium lactate (1.87 g/100mL)	Solution	Intravenous	OSEL İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
1/6 MOLAR SODYUM LAKTAT 500 ML SOLUSYON SETSIZ SISE	Sodium lactate (1.87 g/100mL)	Solution	Intravenous	OSEL İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
BALANCE %1,5 GLIKOZ 1,25 MMOL / 1 KALSIYUM 2000 ML BIOFIN TORBA	Sodium lactate (3.925 g/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.1838 g/L) + D-glucose monohydrate (16.5 g/L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.1017 g/L) + Sodium chloride (5.64 g/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	FRESENIUS MEDİKAL HİZMETLER A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
BALANCE %1,5 GLIKOZ 1,25 MMOL / 1 KALSIYUM 2500 ML BIOFIN TORBA	Sodium lactate (3.925 g/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.1838 g/L) + D-glucose monohydrate (16.5 g/L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.1017 g/L) + Sodium chloride (5.64 g/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	FRESENIUS MEDİKAL HİZMETLER A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
BALANCE %1,5 GLIKOZ 1,75 MMOL / 1 KALSIYUM 2000 ML BIOFIN TORBA	Sodium lactate (3.925 g/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.2573 g/L) + D-glucose monohydrate (16.5 g/L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.1017 g/L) + Sodium chloride (5.64 g/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	FRESENIUS MEDİKAL HİZMETLER A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
BALANCE %1,5 GLIKOZ 1,75 MMOL / 1 KALSIYUM 2500 ML BIOFIN TORBA	Sodium lactate (3.925 g/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.2573 g/L) + D-glucose monohydrate (16.5 g/L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.1017 g/L) + Sodium chloride (5.64 g/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	FRESENIUS MEDİKAL HİZMETLER A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
BALANCE %2,3 GLIKOZ 1,25 MMOL / 1 KALSIYUM 2000 ML BIOFIN TORBA	Sodium lactate (3.925 g/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.1838 g/L) + D-glucose monohydrate (25 g/L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.1017 g/L) + Sodium chloride (5.64 g/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	FRESENIUS MEDİKAL HİZMETLER A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable
BALANCE %2,3 GLIKOZ 1,25 MMOL / 1 KALSIYUM 2500 ML BIOFIN TORBA	Sodium lactate (3.925 g/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.1838 g/L) + D-glucose monohydrate (25 g/L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.1017 g/L) + Sodium chloride (5.64 g/L)	Solution	Intraperitoneal	FRESENIUS MEDİKAL HİZMETLER A.Ş.	2020-08-14	Not applicable

Chemical Identifiers

UNII: 3B8D35Y7S4
CAS number: 50-21-5
InChI Key: JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: InChI=1S/C3H6O3/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6)
IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxypropanoic acid
SMILES: CC(O)C(O)=O

References

Synthesis Reference

Yoshihide Hagiwara, Miyauchi Tetsuji, Yuki Morimasa, "Process for preparing food products containing a lactic acid bacteria-fermented product of a cereal germ." U.S. Patent US4056637, issued February, 1933.

US4056637

General References

Drugs.com: Phexxi Approval History [Link]
FDA Approved Drug Products: PHEXXI (lactic acid, citric acid, and potassium bitartrate) vaginal gel [Link]

External Links

Human Metabolome Database: HMDB0144295
KEGG Drug: D00111
KEGG Compound: C01432
PubChem Compound: 612
PubChem Substance: 46505582
ChemSpider: 592
BindingDB: 23233
RxNav: 1314409
ChEBI: 78320
ChEMBL: CHEMBL1200559
Guide to Pharmacology: GtP Drug Page
Drugs.com: Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia: Lactic_acid

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
4	Completed	Supportive Care	Cesarean Sections / Parturition / Spinal Anesthesia therapy	1
4	Completed	Supportive Care	Hygiene	3
4	Completed	Treatment	APD / Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis therapy / Diabetes / End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Blood Loss During Surgery / Body Fluid Retention	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Cesarean Sections / Hypotension / Pregnancy / Spinal Anesthesia therapy	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) / Peritoneal dialysis therapy	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) / Valve Surgery	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) / Valvular Heart Disease	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Dehydration	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Contract Pharm
Groupe Parima Inc.
Paddock Labs
PEDiNOL
Philipp Thomas Usa LLC
Rising Pharmaceuticals
River's Edge Pharmaceuticals
Sheffield Laboratories Div Faria Limited LLC
Sonar Products Inc.
Stratus Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Synthera Dr Friedrichs Gmgh Co. KG

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Solution	Intravenous	1.87 g/100mL
Gel	Vaginal	225 mg
Solution	Intraperitoneal	0.2573 g/l
Solution	Intraperitoneal	0.1838 g/L
Solution
Pellet	Oral	0.001 g/1g
Liquid	Topical	45 mg/500mL
Solution	Intravenous	0.27 g/1000ml
Solution	Intraperitoneal
Injection, solution	Intravenous
Solution	Intraperitoneal; Irrigation
Solution	Intraperitoneal	1.500 g
Solution	Intraperitoneal	18.3 mg
Injection, solution	Intraperitoneal
Liquid	Hemodialysis
Solution	Topical	16.7 %
Tincture	Topical
Solution	Intraperitoneal	25.7 mg/100ml
Powder	Oral	0.0316 mg/1mg
Solution	Other	57 g/100ml
Solution	Unknown
Solution	Extracorporeal
Solution	Intravenous	600.0 mg
Liquid	Topical	0.01 mg/1mL
Solution	Oral
Liquid	Intraperitoneal
Solution	Hemodialysis; Intraperitoneal
Patch	Topical
Tablet, chewable	Oral
Solution	Topical
Lotion	Topical	12 g
Solution	Oral	160 g/L
Injection	Intravenous	20 mg/100ml
Liquid	Irrigation
Irrigant	Irrigation
Solution, for slush	Irrigation
Solution	Irrigation
Cream	Topical	100 mg/1g
Lotion	Topical	.1 mL/1mL
Lotion	Topical	1 g/10mL
Cream	Topical
Gel	Topical
Lotion	Topical
Cream	Topical	10 %
Lotion	Topical	35.484 mL/354.84mL
Cream	Topical	11.34 g/113.4g
Injection	Intravenous	0.027 % w/v
Solution	Intraperitoneal	2.500 g
Solution	Intraperitoneal	0.184 g/l
Lotion	Topical	5 %
Injection	Intravenous
Liquid	Intravenous
Capsule, gelatin coated	Oral
Solution	Hemodialysis; Intravenous	0.27 g/l
Kit	Hemodialysis
Solution	Intravenous
Solution	Hemodialysis; Intravenous
Solution	Hemodialysis
Solution	Hemodialysis	0.257 g/l
Solution	Intravenous	0.1 g/500ml
Solution	Irrigation; Topical
Solution	Topical	8.85 % w/v
Solution	Intravenous	50.000 mL
Solution	Oral	11.700 mg
Injection, solution	Parenteral
Injection, solution, concentrate	Intravenous
Injection, solution	Parenteral	1.87 %
Injection, solution	Intravenous	1.87 g/100mL
Injection, solution, concentrate	Intravenous	5.6 g/10mL
Solution	Parenteral	1.500 g
Solution	Parenteral	2.500 g
Solution	Parenteral	25.700 mg
Solution	Oral	0.012 g
Injection, solution, concentrate	Intravenous
Solution	Parenteral
Solution	Intravenous; Irrigation
Gel	Vaginal	4.5 g
Syrup	Cutaneous
Liquid	Topical

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)	Region
US6077836	No	2000-06-20	2017-06-20
US6248726	No	2001-06-19	2018-06-19

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	16.8 °C	PhysProp
boiling point (°C)	122 °C at 1.50E+01 mm Hg	PhysProp
water solubility	1E+006 mg/L	MERCK INDEX (1996)
logP	-0.72	HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
pKa	3.86 (at 20 °C)	KORTUM,G ET AL (1961)

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	562.0 mg/mL	ALOGPS
logP	-0.79	ALOGPS
logP	-0.47	Chemaxon
logS	0.79	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	3.78	Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3.7	Chemaxon
Physiological Charge	-1	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	3	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area	57.53 Å²	Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	Chemaxon
Refractivity	18.84 m³·mol^-1	Chemaxon
Polarizability	8.05 Å³	Chemaxon
Number of Rings	0	Chemaxon
Bioavailability	1	Chemaxon
Rule of Five	Yes	Chemaxon
Ghose Filter	No	Chemaxon
Veber's Rule	No	Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	Chemaxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS)	GC-MS	splash10-014i-1900000000-e4b0458c1830f2273dbf
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B	GC-MS	splash10-00kb-9000000000-e9462d6d6eeac598b73b
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF	GC-MS	splash10-00kb-0900000000-31df199e59f138c8cc73
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	MS	splash10-0002-9000000000-6b805941ef8da414e517
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dl-9000000000-02a1cd4a8992ca170923
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dj-9000000000-aea7835dfa5a89c7ad72
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-05dj-9000000000-853c8ae85554cbf4f3aa
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dl-9000000000-02a1cd4a8992ca170923
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dj-9000000000-aea7835dfa5a89c7ad72
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-05dj-9000000000-853c8ae85554cbf4f3aa
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dl-9000000000-02a1cd4a8992ca170923
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dj-9000000000-aea7835dfa5a89c7ad72
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-05dj-9000000000-853c8ae85554cbf4f3aa
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dl-9000000000-02a1cd4a8992ca170923
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dj-9000000000-aea7835dfa5a89c7ad72
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-05dj-9000000000-853c8ae85554cbf4f3aa
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dl-9000000000-02a1cd4a8992ca170923
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dj-9000000000-aea7835dfa5a89c7ad72
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-05dj-9000000000-853c8ae85554cbf4f3aa
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-000i-9000000000-b6d22eee857dbd8c67c1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0079-9000000000-79419ab380c5c954afa8
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-9000000000-1ab6a665296f80ee0127
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-000i-9000000000-b6d22eee857dbd8c67c1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0079-9000000000-79419ab380c5c954afa8
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-9000000000-1ab6a665296f80ee0127
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-000i-9000000000-b6d22eee857dbd8c67c1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0079-9000000000-79419ab380c5c954afa8
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-9000000000-1ab6a665296f80ee0127
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-000i-9000000000-b6d22eee857dbd8c67c1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0079-9000000000-79419ab380c5c954afa8
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-9000000000-1ab6a665296f80ee0127
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-000i-9000000000-b6d22eee857dbd8c67c1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0079-9000000000-79419ab380c5c954afa8
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-9000000000-1ab6a665296f80ee0127
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-000i-9000000000-32a7c59ca2c276cf73a6
1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable

Targets

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Details1. Bifunctional protein PutA

Kind: Protein
Organism: Escherichia coli (strain K12)
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Curator comments: The references provide evidence of inhibition by lactate molecule.

General Function: Transcriptional repressor activity, bacterial-type rna polymerase core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding
Specific Function: Oxidizes proline to glutamate for use as a carbon and nitrogen source and also function as a transcriptional repressor of the put operon.
Gene Name: putA
Uniprot ID: P09546
Uniprot Name: Bifunctional protein PutA
Molecular Weight: 143813.665 Da

References

Zhang M, White TA, Schuermann JP, Baban BA, Becker DF, Tanner JJ: Structures of the Escherichia coli PutA proline dehydrogenase domain in complex with competitive inhibitors. Biochemistry. 2004 Oct 5;43(39):12539-48. doi: 10.1021/bi048737e. [Article]
Lee YH, Nadaraia S, Gu D, Becker DF, Tanner JJ: Structure of the proline dehydrogenase domain of the multifunctional PutA flavoprotein. Nat Struct Biol. 2003 Feb;10(2):109-14. [Article]

Details2. NimA-related protein

Kind: Protein
Organism: Deinococcus radiodurans (strain ATCC 13939 / DSM 20539 / JCM 16871 / LMG 4051 / NBRC 15346 / NCIMB 9279 / R1 / VKM B-1422)
Pharmacological action: Unknown

General Function: Oxidoreductase activity
Specific Function: Not Available
Gene Name: Not Available
Uniprot ID: Q9RW27
Uniprot Name: NimA-related protein
Molecular Weight: 21890.23 Da

Transporters

Details1. Monocarboxylate transporter 2

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate
Inhibitor

General Function: Symporter activity
Specific Function: Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter. Catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucin...
Gene Name: SLC16A7
Uniprot ID: O60669
Uniprot Name: Monocarboxylate transporter 2
Molecular Weight: 52199.745 Da

References

Lin RY, Vera JC, Chaganti RS, Golde DW: Human monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2) is a high affinity pyruvate transporter. J Biol Chem. 1998 Oct 30;273(44):28959-65. [Article]
Broer S, Broer A, Schneider HP, Stegen C, Halestrap AP, Deitmer JW: Characterization of the high-affinity monocarboxylate transporter MCT2 in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Biochem J. 1999 Aug 1;341 ( Pt 3):529-35. [Article]

Details2. Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate
Inhibitor

General Function: Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function: Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as taurocholate, the prostaglandins PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, leukotriene C4, thromboxane B2 and iloprost.
Gene Name: SLCO2B1
Uniprot ID: O94956
Uniprot Name: Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1
Molecular Weight: 76709.98 Da

References

Kobayashi D, Nozawa T, Imai K, Nezu J, Tsuji A, Tamai I: Involvement of human organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP-B (SLC21A9) in pH-dependent transport across intestinal apical membrane. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Aug;306(2):703-8. Epub 2003 Apr 30. [Article]
Nozawa T, Imai K, Nezu J, Tsuji A, Tamai I: Functional characterization of pH-sensitive organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP-B in human. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Feb;308(2):438-45. Epub 2003 Nov 10. [Article]

Details3. Monocarboxylate transporter 1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate
Inhibitor

General Function: Symporter activity
Specific Function: Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter. Catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucin...
Gene Name: SLC16A1
Uniprot ID: P53985
Uniprot Name: Monocarboxylate transporter 1
Molecular Weight: 53943.685 Da

References

Lin RY, Vera JC, Chaganti RS, Golde DW: Human monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2) is a high affinity pyruvate transporter. J Biol Chem. 1998 Oct 30;273(44):28959-65. [Article]
Broer S, Schneider HP, Broer A, Rahman B, Hamprecht B, Deitmer JW: Characterization of the monocarboxylate transporter 1 expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes by changes in cytosolic pH. Biochem J. 1998 Jul 1;333 ( Pt 1):167-74. [Article]
Broer S, Rahman B, Pellegri G, Pellerin L, Martin JL, Verleysdonk S, Hamprecht B, Magistretti PJ: Comparison of lactate transport in astroglial cells and monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT 1) expressing Xenopus laevis oocytes. Expression of two different monocarboxylate transporters in astroglial cells and neurons. J Biol Chem. 1997 Nov 28;272(48):30096-102. [Article]
Tamai I, Sai Y, Ono A, Kido Y, Yabuuchi H, Takanaga H, Satoh E, Ogihara T, Amano O, Izeki S, Tsuji A: Immunohistochemical and functional characterization of pH-dependent intestinal absorption of weak organic acids by the monocarboxylic acid transporter MCT1. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;51(10):1113-21. [Article]
Takanaga H, Tamai I, Inaba S, Sai Y, Higashida H, Yamamoto H, Tsuji A: cDNA cloning and functional characterization of rat intestinal monocarboxylate transporter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Dec 5;217(1):370-7. [Article]

Details4. Monocarboxylate transporter 10

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate
Inhibitor

General Function: Transporter activity
Specific Function: Sodium-independent transporter that mediates the update of aromatic acid. Can function as a net efflux pathway for aromatic amino acids in the basosolateral epithelial cells (By similarity).
Gene Name: SLC16A10
Uniprot ID: Q8TF71
Uniprot Name: Monocarboxylate transporter 10
Molecular Weight: 55492.07 Da

References

Kim DK, Kanai Y, Chairoungdua A, Matsuo H, Cha SH, Endou H: Expression cloning of a Na+-independent aromatic amino acid transporter with structural similarity to H+/monocarboxylate transporters. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):17221-8. Epub 2001 Feb 20. [Article]
Kim DK, Kanai Y, Matsuo H, Kim JY, Chairoungdua A, Kobayashi Y, Enomoto A, Cha SH, Goya T, Endou H: The human T-type amino acid transporter-1: characterization, gene organization, and chromosomal location. Genomics. 2002 Jan;79(1):95-103. [Article]

Property	Measurement	pH	Temperature (°C)	References
Ki (nM)	48000000	N/A	N/A	A16339

Details5. Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function: May mediate the release of newly synthesized prostaglandins from cells, the transepithelial transport of prostaglandins, and the clearance of prostaglandins from the circulation. Transports PGD2, a...
Gene Name: SLCO2A1
Uniprot ID: Q92959
Uniprot Name: Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1
Molecular Weight: 70043.33 Da

References

Chan BS, Endo S, Kanai N, Schuster VL: Identification of lactate as a driving force for prostanoid transport by prostaglandin transporter PGT. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2002 Jun;282(6):F1097-102. [Article]

Details6. Monocarboxylate transporter 4

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Symporter activity
Specific Function: Proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter. Catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucine...
Gene Name: SLC16A3
Uniprot ID: O15427
Uniprot Name: Monocarboxylate transporter 4
Molecular Weight: 49468.9 Da

References

Manning Fox JE, Meredith D, Halestrap AP: Characterisation of human monocarboxylate transporter 4 substantiates its role in lactic acid efflux from skeletal muscle. J Physiol. 2000 Dec 1;529 Pt 2:285-93. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at December 06, 2023 02:33

Lactic acid

Identification

Structure for Lactic acid (DB04398)

Pharmacology

Interactions

Products

Categories

Chemical Identifiers

References

Clinical Trials

Pharmacoeconomics

Properties

Spectra

Targets

References

Transporters

References

References

References

References

References

References