Identification
- Summary
Imatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat a number of leukemias, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease, systemic mastocytosis, hypereosinophilic syndrome, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
- Brand Names
- Gleevec, Glivec
- Generic Name
- Imatinib
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00619
- Background
Imatinib is a small molecule kinase inhibitor used to treat certain types of cancer. It is currently marketed by Novartis as Gleevec (USA) or Glivec (Europe/Australia) as its mesylate salt, imatinib mesilate (INN). It is occasionally referred to as CGP57148B or STI571 (especially in older publications). It is used in treating chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and a number of other malignancies.
It is the first member of a new class of agents that act by inhibiting particular tyrosine kinase enzymes, instead of non-specifically inhibiting rapidly dividing cells.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Structure
Structure for Imatinib (DB00619)
- Weight
- Average: 493.6027
Monoisotopic: 493.259008649 - Chemical Formula
- C29H31N7O
- Synonyms
- Imatinib
- Imatinibum
- α-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3'-((4-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyrimidinyl)amino)-p-toluidide
- External IDs
- CGP-57148B
Pharmacology
- Indication
For the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (Ph+ CML), Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative diseases, aggressive systemic mastocytosis, hypereosinophilic syndrome and/or chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
- Chordomas
- Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL)
- Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
- Desmoid Tumors
- FIP1L1-PDGFRα fusion kinase status unknown Chronic eosinophilic leukemia
- FIP1L1-PDGFRα fusion kinase status unknown Hypereosinophilic syndrome
- Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES)
- Metastatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
- Metastatic Melanoma
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)
- Myeloproliferative Disorders (MPD)
- Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
- Systemic Mastocytosis, Aggressive (ASM)
- CKit mutational status unknown Aggressive systemic mastocytosis
- Metastatic Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
- Newly diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
- Newly diagnosed, chronic phase Chronic myeloid leukemia
- Recurrent Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
- Refractory, accelerated phase Chronic myeloid leukemia
- Refractory, blast crisis Chronic myeloid leukemia
- Refractory, chronic phase Chronic myeloid leukemia
- Unresectable Gastrointestinal stromal tumor
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Avoid life-threatening adverse drug eventsImprove clinical decision support with information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events & improve clinical decision support.- Pharmacodynamics
Imatinib is an antineoplastic agent and a 2-phenylaminopyrimidine derivative that is used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia. It works as a specific inhibitor of a number of tyrosine kinase enzymes. Chronic myelogenous leukemia is associated with the Philadelphia chromosome promoting the generation of BCR-ABL mutation, which results from the combination of two genes, known as BCR and ABL. BCR-ABL generates a fusion protein that acts as a constitutively active tyrosine kinase and imatinib works to inhibit this constitutive enzymatic activity.
- Mechanism of action
Imatinib mesylate is a protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase, the constitutive abnormal tyrosine kinase created by the Philadelphia chromosome abnormality in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). It inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in Bcr-Abl positive cell lines as well as fresh leukemic cells from Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia. Imatinib also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases for platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and stem cell factor (SCF) - called c-kit. Imatinib was identified in the late 1990s by Dr Brian J. Druker. Its development is an excellent example of rational drug design. Soon after identification of the bcr-abl target, the search for an inhibitor began. Chemists used a high-throughput screen of chemical libraries to identify the molecule 2-phenylaminopyrimidine. This lead compound was then tested and modified by the introduction of methyl and benzamide groups to give it enhanced binding properties, resulting in imatinib.
Target Actions Organism ABreakpoint cluster region protein inhibitorHumans AMast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit antagonistHumans ARET proto-oncogene inhibitorHumans UHigh affinity nerve growth factor receptor antagonistHumans UMacrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor antagonistHumans UPlatelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha antagonistHumans UEpithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 1 antagonistHumans UTyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 inhibitorHumans UPlatelet-derived growth factor receptor beta antagonistHumans - Absorption
The pharmacokinetics in CML and GIST patients are similar. Imatinib is well absorbed with mean absolute bioavailability is 98% and maximum plasma levels achieved within 2-4 hours of dosing
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
95% protein bound, mostly to albumin and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein.
- Metabolism
Primarily hepatic via CYP3A4. Other cytochrome P450 enzymes, such as CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19, play a minor role in its metabolism. The main circulating active metabolite in humans is the N-demethylated piperazine derivative, formed predominantly by CYP3A4. This metabolite is similar in potency to the parent compound.
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- Route of elimination
Imatinib elimination is predominately in the feces, mostly as metabolites. 81% of the dose is eliminated within 7 days, in feces (68% of the dose) and urine (13% of the dose). Unchanged imatinib accounted for 25% of the dose (5% urine, 20% faces), the remainder being metabolites.
- Half-life
Following oral administration in healthy volunteers, the elimination half-lives of imatinib and its major active metabolite, the N-demethyl derivative (CGP74588) are approximately 18 and 40 hours, respectively.
- Clearance
- 8 L/h [50-year-old CML and GIST patient weighing 50 kg]
- 14 L/h [50-year-old CML and GIST patient weighing 100 kg]
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates.Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
The most frequently reported adverse reactions (>30%) were edema, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, musculoskeletal pain, diarrhea, rash, fatigue and abdominal pain.
- Pathways
Pathway Category Imatinib Inhibition of BCR-ABL Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbaloparatide The therapeutic efficacy of Abaloparatide can be decreased when used in combination with Imatinib. Abametapir The serum concentration of Imatinib can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Abatacept The metabolism of Imatinib can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abciximab The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Abciximab is combined with Imatinib. Abemaciclib The metabolism of Abemaciclib can be decreased when combined with Imatinib. Abiraterone The serum concentration of Imatinib can be increased when it is combined with Abiraterone. Abrocitinib The metabolism of Abrocitinib can be decreased when combined with Imatinib. Acalabrutinib The metabolism of Acalabrutinib can be decreased when combined with Imatinib. Acebutolol The metabolism of Imatinib can be decreased when combined with Acebutolol. Acenocoumarol Imatinib may increase the anticoagulant activities of Acenocoumarol. 
Identify potential medication risksEasily compare up to 40 drugs with our drug interaction checker.Get severity rating, description, and management advice.Learn more - Food Interactions
- Avoid grapefruit products. Grapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 metabolism, which can increase serum levels of imatinib.
- Exercise caution with St. John's Wort. This herb induces CYP3A4 metabolism, which may reduce the serum concentration of imatinib.
- Take with a full glass of water. Taking imatinib with water may reduce gastric irritation.
- Take with food. Food reduces gastric irritation.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Imatinib mesylate 8A1O1M485B 220127-57-1 YLMAHDNUQAMNNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N - International/Other Brands
- Celonib (Celon) / Enliven (Orion) / Imatib (Grey Inversiones) / Mesylonib (Miracalus) / Mitinab (Glenmark) / Plivatinib (Pliva) / Shantinib (Shantha)
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Gleevec Capsule 100 mg Oral Novartis 2001-09-26 2008-09-24 Canada 
Gleevec Tablet 100 mg/1 Oral Avera McKennan Hospital 2015-03-01 2017-05-24 US 
Gleevec Tablet 400 mg/1 Oral Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation 2001-05-15 2017-05-31 US Gleevec Tablet 400 mg Oral Novartis 2004-10-25 Not applicable Canada Gleevec Tablet 400 mg/1 Oral Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation 2014-12-23 Not applicable US Gleevec Tablet 400 mg/1 Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2005-11-09 2013-06-30 US Gleevec Tablet 100 mg Oral Novartis 2005-04-05 Not applicable Canada Gleevec Tablet 100 mg/1 Oral Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation 2001-05-15 Not applicable US Gleevec Tablet 100 mg/1 Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2005-10-07 2013-06-30 US Glivec Capsule 100 mg Oral Novartis Europharm Limited 2016-10-06 Not applicable EU 
- Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Ach-imatinib Tablet 100 mg Oral Accord Healthcare Inc 2020-11-24 Not applicable Canada Ach-imatinib Tablet 400 mg Oral Accord Healthcare Inc 2020-11-24 Not applicable Canada Apo-imatinib Tablet 100 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2013-04-19 Not applicable Canada Apo-imatinib Tablet 400 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2013-04-19 Not applicable Canada Imatinib Tablet 400 mg/1 Oral Dr.Reddy's Laboratories Inc 2018-08-13 Not applicable US Imatinib Tablet 100 mg/1 Oral Dr.Reddy's Laboratories Inc 2018-08-13 Not applicable US Imatinib Mesylate Tablet, film coated 100 mg/1 Oral Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC 2019-02-08 Not applicable US Imatinib Mesylate Tablet, film coated 100 mg/1 Oral Major Pharmaceuticals 2016-08-05 Not applicable US Imatinib Mesylate Tablet, film coated 400 mg/1 Oral Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. 2016-08-04 Not applicable US Imatinib Mesylate Tablet, film coated 400 mg/1 Oral Mylan Institutional Inc. 2017-09-07 2030-01-31 US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- L01XE01 — Imatinib
- Drug Categories
- Acids, Carbocyclic
- Amides
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Antineoplastic and Immunomodulating Agents
- BCRP/ABCG2 Inhibitors
- BCRP/ABCG2 Substrates
- Benzamides and benzamide derivatives
- Benzene Derivatives
- Benzoates
- BSEP/ABCB11 Substrates
- Cancer immunotherapy
- Cardiotoxic antineoplastic agents
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inhibitors (moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inhibitors (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors (weak)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inhibitors (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Inhibitors (strength unknown)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Drugs causing inadvertant photosensitivity
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Highest Risk QTc-Prolonging Agents
- Immunosuppressive Agents
- Immunotherapy
- Kinase Inhibitor
- Myelosuppressive Agents
- OCT1 substrates
- OCT2 Inhibitors
- P-glycoprotein inhibitors
- P-glycoprotein substrates
- Photosensitizing Agents
- Piperazines
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors
- Pyrimidines
- QTc Prolonging Agents
- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
- UDP Glucuronosyltransferases Inhibitors
- UGT2B17 Inhibitors
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzanilides. These are aromatic compounds containing an anilide group in which the carboxamide group is substituted with a benzene ring. They have the general structure RNC(=O)R', where R,R'= benzene.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Benzenoids
- Class
- Benzene and substituted derivatives
- Sub Class
- Anilides
- Direct Parent
- Benzanilides
- Alternative Parents
- Pyridinylpyrimidines / Benzamides / Diaminotoluenes / Aniline and substituted anilines / Benzoyl derivatives / Benzylamines / Phenylmethylamines / N-methylpiperazines / Aminopyrimidines and derivatives / Aralkylamines show 11 more
- Substituents
- 1,4-diazinane / Amine / Amino acid or derivatives / Aminopyrimidine / Aniline or substituted anilines / Aralkylamine / Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound / Azacycle / Benzamide / Benzanilide show 27 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- pyrimidines, benzamides, pyridines, aromatic amine, N-methylpiperazine (CHEBI:45783)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- BKJ8M8G5HI
- CAS number
- 152459-95-5
- InChI Key
- KTUFNOKKBVMGRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C29H31N7O/c1-21-5-10-25(18-27(21)34-29-31-13-11-26(33-29)24-4-3-12-30-19-24)32-28(37)23-8-6-22(7-9-23)20-36-16-14-35(2)15-17-36/h3-13,18-19H,14-17,20H2,1-2H3,(H,32,37)(H,31,33,34)
- IUPAC Name
- N-(4-methyl-3-{[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}phenyl)-4-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzamide
- SMILES
- CN1CCN(CC2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=O)NC2=CC(NC3=NC=CC(=N3)C3=CN=CC=C3)=C(C)C=C2)CC1
References
- Synthesis Reference
- US5521184
- General References
- Deininger MW, Druker BJ: Specific targeted therapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia with imatinib. Pharmacol Rev. 2003 Sep;55(3):401-23. Epub 2003 Jul 17. [Article]
- Vigneri P, Wang JY: Induction of apoptosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells through nuclear entrapment of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Nat Med. 2001 Feb;7(2):228-34. [Article]
- Droogendijk HJ, Kluin-Nelemans HJ, van Doormaal JJ, Oranje AP, van de Loosdrecht AA, van Daele PL: Imatinib mesylate in the treatment of systemic mastocytosis: a phase II trial. Cancer. 2006 Jul 15;107(2):345-51. [Article]
- Lassila M, Allen TJ, Cao Z, Thallas V, Jandeleit-Dahm KA, Candido R, Cooper ME: Imatinib attenuates diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004 May;24(5):935-42. Epub 2004 Feb 26. [Article]
- Reeves PM, Bommarius B, Lebeis S, McNulty S, Christensen J, Swimm A, Chahroudi A, Chavan R, Feinberg MB, Veach D, Bornmann W, Sherman M, Kalman D: Disabling poxvirus pathogenesis by inhibition of Abl-family tyrosine kinases. Nat Med. 2005 Jul;11(7):731-9. Epub 2005 Jun 26. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Gleevec (Imatinib) Oral Tablet [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0014757
- KEGG Drug
- D01441
- PubChem Compound
- 5291
- PubChem Substance
- 46505055
- ChemSpider
- 5101
- BindingDB
- 13530
- 282388
- ChEBI
- 45783
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL941
- ZINC
- ZINC000019632618
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DNC001383
- PharmGKB
- PA10804
- PDBe Ligand
- STI
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Imatinib
- PDB Entries
- 1iep / 1opj / 1t46 / 1xbb / 2hyy / 2oiq / 2pl0 / 3fw1 / 3gvu / 3hec … show 18 more
- FDA label
- Download (129 KB)
- MSDS
- Download (217 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Chronyc Myeloid Leukemia 1 4 Active Not Recruiting Treatment GIST and CML 1 4 Completed Not Available Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) 1 4 Completed Other Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) 1 4 Completed Treatment Breast Cancer 1 4 Completed Treatment Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) 1 4 Completed Treatment Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) 1 4 Completed Treatment Leukemia Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) 2 4 Completed Treatment Progressive Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor 1 4 Completed Treatment Systemic Mastocytosis 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Novartis pharmaceuticals corp
- Packagers
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- Novartis AG
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet Oral 100 mg Tablet Oral 400 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 100.0 mg Tablet Oral 478 mg Tablet Oral 100 mg/1 Tablet Oral 400 mg/1 Tablet Oral Capsule Oral 50 MG Tablet, film coated Oral 119.5 MG Tablet, film coated Oral 100.00 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 478 MG Tablet, for solution; tablet, for suspension Oral 100 MG Tablet, for solution; tablet, for suspension Oral 400 MG Capsule Oral 200 MG Capsule Oral 400 MG Capsule Oral Tablet, for suspension Oral Solution Oral 80 mg/mL Tablet, film coated Oral Tablet, coated Oral 100 mg/1 Tablet, coated Oral 400 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 100 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 400 mg/1 Capsule Oral 100 MG Tablet, film coated Oral 600 MG Capsule, coated Oral 400 mg Capsule, coated Oral 100 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 119.47 Mg Tablet, film coated Oral 477.88 MG Tablet, coated Oral 100 mg Tablet, coated Oral 400 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 100 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 400 mg - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Gleevec 400 mg tablet 174.38USD tablet Gleevec 100 mg tablet 41.69USD tablet DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region CA2093203 No 2002-11-26 2013-04-01 Canada USRE43932 Yes 2013-01-15 2019-07-16 US US7544799 Yes 2009-06-09 2019-07-16 US US6894051 Yes 2005-05-17 2019-11-23 US US6958335 Yes 2005-10-25 2022-06-19 US US5521184 Yes 1996-05-28 2015-07-04 US
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 226 °C (mesylate salt) Not Available water solubility Very soluble in water at pH < 5.5 (mesylate salt) Not Available logP 3 Not Available - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0146 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 3.47 ALOGPS logP 4.38 ChemAxon logS -4.5 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 12.69 ChemAxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 7.84 ChemAxon Physiological Charge 1 ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 7 ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count 2 ChemAxon Polar Surface Area 86.28 Å2 ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count 7 ChemAxon Refractivity 148.93 m3·mol-1 ChemAxon Polarizability 55.54 Å3 ChemAxon Number of Rings 5 ChemAxon Bioavailability 1 ChemAxon Rule of Five Yes ChemAxon Ghose Filter No ChemAxon Veber's Rule No ChemAxon MDDR-like Rule Yes ChemAxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9865 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.7624 Caco-2 permeable + 0.5076 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.7863 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Inhibitor 0.8107 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.5326 Renal organic cation transporter Inhibitor 0.5299 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8287 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9116 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.6547 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.6602 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8813 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7933 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8516 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9313 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.7962 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.8134 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.919 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9819 Rat acute toxicity 2.6013 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.7709 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Inhibitor 0.8887
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
- Specific Function
- GTPase-activating protein for RAC1 and CDC42. Promotes the exchange of RAC or CDC42-bound GDP by GTP, thereby activating them. Displays serine/threonine kinase activity.
- Gene Name
- BCR
- Uniprot ID
- P11274
- Uniprot Name
- Breakpoint cluster region protein
- Molecular Weight
- 142818.07 Da
References
- Nadal E, Olavarria E: Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec/Glivec) a molecular-targeted therapy for chronic myeloid leukaemia and other malignancies. Int J Clin Pract. 2004 May;58(5):511-6. [Article]
- Waller CF: Imatinib mesylate. Recent Results Cancer Res. 2010;184:3-20. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-01222-8_1. [Article]
- Croom KF, Perry CM: Imatinib mesylate: in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Drugs. 2003;63(5):513-22; discussion 523-4. [Article]
- Reddy EP, Aggarwal AK: The ins and outs of bcr-abl inhibition. Genes Cancer. 2012 May;3(5-6):447-54. doi: 10.1177/1947601912462126. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity
- Specific Function
- Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for the cytokine KITLG/SCF and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, hematopoiesis, stem cell main...
- Gene Name
- KIT
- Uniprot ID
- P10721
- Uniprot Name
- Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit
- Molecular Weight
- 109863.655 Da
References
- Lee JL, Kim JY, Ryu MH, Kang HJ, Chang HM, Kim TW, Lee H, Park JH, Kim HC, Kim JS, Kang YK: Response to imatinib in KIT- and PDGFRA-wild type gastrointestinal stromal associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Dig Dis Sci. 2006 Jun;51(6):1043-6. [Article]
- Dy GK, Miller AA, Mandrekar SJ, Aubry MC, Langdon RM Jr, Morton RF, Schild SE, Jett JR, Adjei AA: A phase II trial of imatinib (ST1571) in patients with c-kit expressing relapsed small-cell lung cancer: a CALGB and NCCTG study. Ann Oncol. 2005 Nov;16(11):1811-6. Epub 2005 Aug 8. [Article]
- Rutkowski P, Nowecki ZI, Debiec-Rychter M, Grzesiakowska U, Michej W, Wozniak A, Siedlecki JA, Limon J, vel Dobosz AJ, Kakol M, Osuch C, Ruka W: Predictive factors for long-term effects of imatinib therapy in patients with inoperable/metastatic CD117(+) gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2007 Sep;133(9):589-97. Epub 2007 Apr 26. [Article]
- De Giorgi U: KIT mutations and imatinib dose effects in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Mar 20;25(9):1146-7; author reply 1147-8. [Article]
- Posadas EM, Kwitkowski V, Kotz HL, Espina V, Minasian L, Tchabo N, Premkumar A, Hussain MM, Chang R, Steinberg SM, Kohn EC: A prospective analysis of imatinib-induced c-KIT modulation in ovarian cancer: a phase II clinical study with proteomic profiling. Cancer. 2007 Jul 15;110(2):309-17. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- Not Available
- Gene Name
- RET
- Uniprot ID
- O43519
- Uniprot Name
- RET proto-oncogene
- Molecular Weight
- 2129.3 Da
References
- de Groot JW, Plaza Menacho I, Schepers H, Drenth-Diephuis LJ, Osinga J, Plukker JT, Links TP, Eggen BJ, Hofstra RM: Cellular effects of imatinib on medullary thyroid cancer cells harboring multiple endocrine neoplasia Type 2A and 2B associated RET mutations. Surgery. 2006 Jun;139(6):806-14. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity
- Specific Function
- Receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the development and the maturation of the central and peripheral nervous systems through regulation of proliferation, differentiation and survival of sympatheti...
- Gene Name
- NTRK1
- Uniprot ID
- P04629
- Uniprot Name
- High affinity nerve growth factor receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 87496.465 Da
References
- Catani M, De Milito R, Simi M: [New orientations in the management of advanced, metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST): combination of surgery and systemic therapy with imatinib in a case of primary gastric location]. Chir Ital. 2005 Jan-Feb;57(1):127-33. [Article]
- Kovacs M, Nagy P, Pak G, Feher J: [Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): clinical and pathological features]. Orv Hetil. 2005 Jun 26;146(26):1375-81. [Article]
- de Groot JW, Plaza Menacho I, Schepers H, Drenth-Diephuis LJ, Osinga J, Plukker JT, Links TP, Eggen BJ, Hofstra RM: Cellular effects of imatinib on medullary thyroid cancer cells harboring multiple endocrine neoplasia Type 2A and 2B associated RET mutations. Surgery. 2006 Jun;139(6):806-14. [Article]
- de Groot JW, Zonnenberg BA, van Ufford-Mannesse PQ, de Vries MM, Links TP, Lips CJ, Voest EE: A phase II trial of imatinib therapy for metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Sep;92(9):3466-9. Epub 2007 Jun 19. [Article]
- Delbaldo C: [Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamics relationships of imatinib (Glivec)]. Therapie. 2007 Mar-Apr;62(2):87-90. Epub 2007 Jun 21. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Protein homodimerization activity
- Specific Function
- Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for CSF1 and IL34 and plays an essential role in the regulation of survival, proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor ...
- Gene Name
- CSF1R
- Uniprot ID
- P07333
- Uniprot Name
- Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 107982.955 Da
References
- Dewar AL, Zannettino AC, Hughes TP, Lyons AB: Inhibition of c-fms by imatinib: expanding the spectrum of treatment. Cell Cycle. 2005 Jul;4(7):851-3. Epub 2005 Jul 28. [Article]
- Taylor JR, Brownlow N, Domin J, Dibb NJ: FMS receptor for M-CSF (CSF-1) is sensitive to the kinase inhibitor imatinib and mutation of Asp-802 to Val confers resistance. Oncogene. 2006 Jan 5;25(1):147-51. [Article]
- Dewar AL, Farrugia AN, Condina MR, Bik To L, Hughes TP, Vernon-Roberts B, Zannettino AC: Imatinib as a potential antiresorptive therapy for bone disease. Blood. 2006 Jun 1;107(11):4334-7. Epub 2006 Jan 31. [Article]
- Ando W, Hashimoto J, Nampei A, Tsuboi H, Tateishi K, Ono T, Nakamura N, Ochi T, Yoshikawa H: Imatinib mesylate inhibits osteoclastogenesis and joint destruction in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). J Bone Miner Metab. 2006;24(4):274-82. [Article]
- El Hajj Dib I, Gallet M, Mentaverri R, Sevenet N, Brazier M, Kamel S: Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) enhances mature osteoclast apoptosis and suppresses osteoclast bone resorbing activity. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 Dec 3;551(1-3):27-33. Epub 2006 Sep 16. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Vascular endothelial growth factor-activated receptor activity
- Specific Function
- Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for PDGFA, PDGFB and PDGFC and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, survival and chem...
- Gene Name
- PDGFRA
- Uniprot ID
- P16234
- Uniprot Name
- Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha
- Molecular Weight
- 122668.46 Da
References
- Yi ES, Strong CR, Piao Z, Perucho M, Weidner N: Epithelioid gastrointestinal stromal tumor with PDGFRA activating mutation and immunoreactivity. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2005 Jun;13(2):157-61. [Article]
- Borbenyi Z: [Disorders with eosinophilia, treatment of hypereosinophilic syndrome]. Orv Hetil. 2005 May 1;146(18 Suppl 1):911-6. [Article]
- Corless CL, Schroeder A, Griffith D, Town A, McGreevey L, Harrell P, Shiraga S, Bainbridge T, Morich J, Heinrich MC: PDGFRA mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: frequency, spectrum and in vitro sensitivity to imatinib. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Aug 10;23(23):5357-64. Epub 2005 May 31. [Article]
- Chen LL, Sabripour M, Andtbacka RH, Patel SR, Feig BW, Macapinlac HA, Choi H, Wu EF, Frazier ML, Benjamin RS: Imatinib resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Curr Oncol Rep. 2005 Jul;7(4):293-9. [Article]
- Tefferi A: Modern diagnosis and treatment of primary eosinophilia. Acta Haematol. 2005;114(1):52-60. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity
- Specific Function
- Tyrosine kinase that functions as cell surface receptor for fibrillar collagen and regulates cell attachment to the extracellular matrix, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, cell migration, dif...
- Gene Name
- DDR1
- Uniprot ID
- Q08345
- Uniprot Name
- Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 1
- Molecular Weight
- 101126.72 Da
References
- Gotlib J, Berube C, Growney JD, Chen CC, George TI, Williams C, Kajiguchi T, Ruan J, Lilleberg SL, Durocher JA, Lichy JH, Wang Y, Cohen PS, Arber DA, Heinrich MC, Neckers L, Galli SJ, Gilliland DG, Coutre SE: Activity of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKC412 in a patient with mast cell leukemia with the D816V KIT mutation. Blood. 2005 Oct 15;106(8):2865-70. Epub 2005 Jun 21. [Article]
- Xu L, Tong R, Cochran DM, Jain RK: Blocking platelet-derived growth factor-D/platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta signaling inhibits human renal cell carcinoma progression in an orthotopic mouse model. Cancer Res. 2005 Jul 1;65(13):5711-9. [Article]
- Neef M, Ledermann M, Saegesser H, Schneider V, Widmer N, Decosterd LA, Rochat B, Reichen J: Oral imatinib treatment reduces early fibrogenesis but does not prevent progression in the long term. J Hepatol. 2006 Jan;44(1):167-75. Epub 2005 Jul 12. [Article]
- Jubert C, Geoerger B, Grill J, Hartmann O, Vassal G: [Targeted therapies in pediatric oncology: a new therapeutic approach?]. Arch Pediatr. 2006 Feb;13(2):189-94. Epub 2005 Nov 17. [Article]
- Benjamin RS, Blanke CD, Blay JY, Bonvalot S, Eisenberg B: Management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in the imatinib era: selected case studies. Oncologist. 2006 Jan;11(1):9-20. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Syntaxin binding
- Specific Function
- Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a role in many key processes linked to cell growth and survival such as cytoskeleton remodeling in response to extracellular stimuli, cell motility a...
- Gene Name
- ABL1
- Uniprot ID
- P00519
- Uniprot Name
- Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1
- Molecular Weight
- 122871.435 Da
References
- Hoerth E, Kodym R: Involvment of c-Abl in the radiation-induced inhibition of myoblast differentiation. Int J Radiat Biol. 2004 Oct;80(10):729-36. [Article]
- Dewar AL, Zannettino AC, Hughes TP, Lyons AB: Inhibition of c-fms by imatinib: expanding the spectrum of treatment. Cell Cycle. 2005 Jul;4(7):851-3. Epub 2005 Jul 28. [Article]
- Agirre X, Roman-Gomez J, Vazquez I, Jimenez-Velasco A, Larrayoz MJ, Lahortiga I, Andreu EJ, Marquez J, Beltran de Heredia JM, Odero MD, Prosper F, Calasanz MJ: Coexistence of different clonal populations harboring the b3a2 (p210) and e1a2 (p190) BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts in chronic myelogenous leukemia resistant to imatinib. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2005 Jul 1;160(1):22-6. [Article]
- Brueggemeier SB, Wu D, Kron SJ, Palecek SP: Protein-acrylamide copolymer hydrogels for array-based detection of tyrosine kinase activity from cell lysates. Biomacromolecules. 2005 Sep-Oct;6(5):2765-75. [Article]
- Haberler C, Gelpi E, Marosi C, Rossler K, Birner P, Budka H, Hainfellner JA: Immunohistochemical analysis of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha, -beta, c-kit, c-abl, and arg proteins in glioblastoma: possible implications for patient selection for imatinib mesylate therapy. J Neurooncol. 2006 Jan;76(2):105-9. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Vascular endothelial growth factor binding
- Specific Function
- Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for homodimeric PDGFB and PDGFD and for heterodimers formed by PDGFA and PDGFB, and plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic...
- Gene Name
- PDGFRB
- Uniprot ID
- P09619
- Uniprot Name
- Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta
- Molecular Weight
- 123966.895 Da
References
- Basciani S, Brama M, Mariani S, De Luca G, Arizzi M, Vesci L, Pisano C, Dolci S, Spera G, Gnessi L: Imatinib mesylate inhibits Leydig cell tumor growth: evidence for in vitro and in vivo activity. Cancer Res. 2005 Mar 1;65(5):1897-903. [Article]
- Jones RL, Judson IR: The development and application of imatinib. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2005 Mar;4(2):183-91. [Article]
- Modi S, Seidman AD, Dickler M, Moasser M, D'Andrea G, Moynahan ME, Menell J, Panageas KS, Tan LK, Norton L, Hudis CA: A phase II trial of imatinib mesylate monotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2005 Mar;90(2):157-63. [Article]
- Johnson FM, Saigal B, Donato NJ: Induction of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor and activation of EGF receptor in imatinib mesylate-treated squamous carcinoma cells. J Cell Physiol. 2005 Nov;205(2):218-27. [Article]
- Chen J, Rocken C, Nitsche B, Hosius C, Gschaidmeier H, Kahl S, Malfertheiner P, Ebert MP: The tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib fails to inhibit pancreatic cancer progression. Cancer Lett. 2006 Feb 28;233(2):328-37. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Koudriakova T, Iatsimirskaia E, Utkin I, Gangl E, Vouros P, Storozhuk E, Orza D, Marinina J, Gerber N: Metabolism of the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors indinavir and ritonavir by human intestinal microsomes and expressed cytochrome P4503A4/3A5: mechanism-based inactivation of cytochrome P4503A by ritonavir. Drug Metab Dispos. 1998 Jun;26(6):552-61. [Article]
- Filppula AM, Laitila J, Neuvonen PJ, Backman JT: Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01732.x. [Article]
- Peng B, Lloyd P, Schran H: Clinical pharmacokinetics of imatinib. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(9):879-94. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200544090-00001. [Article]
- Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
- GLEEVEC (imatinib mesylate) FDA Label [Link]
- FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Gleevec (Imatinib) Oral Tablet [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A5
- Uniprot ID
- P20815
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A5
- Molecular Weight
- 57108.065 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Peng B, Lloyd P, Schran H: Clinical pharmacokinetics of imatinib. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(9):879-94. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200544090-00001. [Article]
- Adehin A, Adeagbo BA, Kennedy MA, Bolaji OO, Olugbade TA, Bolarinwa RA, Durosinmi MA: Inter-individual variation in imatinib disposition: any role for prevalent variants of CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP3A5 in Nigerian CML patients? Leuk Lymphoma. 2019 Jan;60(1):216-221. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1466291. Epub 2018 May 9. [Article]
- Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Gleevec (Imatinib) Oral Tablet [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A7
- Uniprot ID
- P24462
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A7
- Molecular Weight
- 57525.03 Da
References
- Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P05177
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 58293.76 Da
References
- Wang B, Zhou SF: Synthetic and natural compounds that interact with human cytochrome P450 1A2 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(31):4066-218. [Article]
- van Erp N, Gelderblom H, van Glabbeke M, Van Oosterom A, Verweij J, Guchelaar HJ, Debiec-Rychter M, Peng B, Blay JY, Judson I: Effect of cigarette smoking on imatinib in patients in the soft tissue and bone sarcoma group of the EORTC. Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Dec 15;14(24):8308-13. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1303. [Article]
- Liu XY, Xu T, Li WS, Luo J, Geng PW, Wang L, Xia MM, Chen MC, Yu L, Hu GX: The effect of apigenin on pharmacokinetics of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:789184. doi: 10.1155/2013/789184. Epub 2013 Nov 28. [Article]
- Imatinib FDA label [File]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C9
- Uniprot ID
- P11712
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C9
- Molecular Weight
- 55627.365 Da
References
- Recoche I, Rousseau V, Bourrel R, Lapeyre-Mestre M, Chebane L, Despas F, Montastruc JL, Bondon-Guitton E: Drug-drug interactions with imatinib: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Oct;95(40):e5076. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000005076. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Gleevec (Imatinib) Oral Tablet [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic...
- Gene Name
- CYP2D6
- Uniprot ID
- P10635
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2D6
- Molecular Weight
- 55768.94 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID
- P33261
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C19
- Molecular Weight
- 55930.545 Da
References
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Gleevec (Imatinib) Oral Tablet [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
- Specific Function
- Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gas...
- Gene Name
- PTGS1
- Uniprot ID
- P23219
- Uniprot Name
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 68685.82 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C8
- Uniprot ID
- P10632
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C8
- Molecular Weight
- 55824.275 Da
References
- Backman JT, Filppula AM, Niemi M, Neuvonen PJ: Role of Cytochrome P450 2C8 in Drug Metabolism and Interactions. Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Jan;68(1):168-241. doi: 10.1124/pr.115.011411. [Article]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Toxic substance binding
- Specific Function
- Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Serum albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- Functions as transport protein in the blood stream. Binds various ligands in the interior of its beta-barrel domain. Also binds synthetic drugs and influences their distribution and availability in...
- Gene Name
- ORM1
- Uniprot ID
- P02763
- Uniprot Name
- Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 23511.38 Da
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Translocates a broad array of organic cations with various structures and molecular weights including the model compounds 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), tetraethylammonium (TEA), N-1-methylnico...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A1
- Uniprot ID
- O15245
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 1
- Molecular Weight
- 61153.345 Da
References
- Engler JR, Frede A, Saunders VA, Zannettino AC, Hughes TP, White DL: Chronic myeloid leukemia CD34+ cells have reduced uptake of imatinib due to low OCT-1 activity. Leukemia. 2010 Apr;24(4):765-70. doi: 10.1038/leu.2010.16. Epub 2010 Feb 11. [Article]
- Ahlin G, Karlsson J, Pedersen JM, Gustavsson L, Larsson R, Matsson P, Norinder U, Bergstrom CA, Artursson P: Structural requirements for drug inhibition of the liver specific human organic cation transport protein 1. J Med Chem. 2008 Oct 9;51(19):5932-42. doi: 10.1021/jm8003152. Epub 2008 Sep 13. [Article]
- Watkins DB, Hughes TP, White DL: OCT1 and imatinib transport in CML: is it clinically relevant? Leukemia. 2015 Oct;29(10):1960-9. doi: 10.1038/leu.2015.170. Epub 2015 Jul 9. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
- Gene Name
- ABCB1
- Uniprot ID
- P08183
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 141477.255 Da
References
- Davies A, Jordanides NE, Giannoudis A, Lucas CM, Hatziieremia S, Harris RJ, Jorgensen HG, Holyoake TL, Pirmohamed M, Clark RE, Mountford JC: Nilotinib concentration in cell lines and primary CD34(+) chronic myeloid leukemia cells is not mediated by active uptake or efflux by major drug transporters. Leukemia. 2009 Nov;23(11):1999-2006. doi: 10.1038/leu.2009.166. Epub 2009 Aug 27. [Article]
- Dohse M, Scharenberg C, Shukla S, Robey RW, Volkmann T, Deeken JF, Brendel C, Ambudkar SV, Neubauer A, Bates SE: Comparison of ATP-binding cassette transporter interactions with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Aug;38(8):1371-80. doi: 10.1124/dmd.109.031302. Epub 2010 Apr 27. [Article]
- Hamada A, Miyano H, Watanabe H, Saito H: Interaction of imatinib mesilate with human P-glycoprotein. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Nov;307(2):824-8. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [Article]
- Thomas J, Wang L, Clark RE, Pirmohamed M: Active transport of imatinib into and out of cells: implications for drug resistance. Blood. 2004 Dec 1;104(12):3739-45. Epub 2004 Aug 17. [Article]
- Hegedus C, Ozvegy-Laczka C, Apati A, Magocsi M, Nemet K, Orfi L, Keri G, Katona M, Takats Z, Varadi A, Szakacs G, Sarkadi B: Interaction of nilotinib, dasatinib and bosutinib with ABCB1 and ABCG2: implications for altered anti-cancer effects and pharmacological properties. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;158(4):1153-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00383.x. Epub 2009 Sep 28. [Article]
- Giannoudis A, Davies A, Lucas CM, Harris RJ, Pirmohamed M, Clark RE: Effective dasatinib uptake may occur without human organic cation transporter 1 (hOCT1): implications for the treatment of imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2008 Oct 15;112(8):3348-54. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-10-116236. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [Article]
- Breedveld P, Pluim D, Cipriani G, Wielinga P, van Tellingen O, Schinkel AH, Schellens JH: The effect of Bcrp1 (Abcg2) on the in vivo pharmacokinetics and brain penetration of imatinib mesylate (Gleevec): implications for the use of breast cancer resistance protein and P-glycoprotein inhibitors to enable the brain penetration of imatinib in patients. Cancer Res. 2005 Apr 1;65(7):2577-82. [Article]
- Oka M, Fukuda M, Soda H: [Anticancer drugs and ABC transporters]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2005 May;32(5):585-92. [Article]
- Burger H, van Tol H, Brok M, Wiemer EA, de Bruijn EA, Guetens G, de Boeck G, Sparreboom A, Verweij J, Nooter K: Chronic imatinib mesylate exposure leads to reduced intracellular drug accumulation by induction of the ABCG2 (BCRP) and ABCB1 (MDR1) drug transport pumps. Cancer Biol Ther. 2005 Jul;4(7):747-52. Epub 2005 Jul 9. [Article]
- Galimberti S, Cervetti G, Guerrini F, Testi R, Pacini S, Fazzi R, Simi P, Petrini M: Quantitative molecular monitoring of BCR-ABL and MDR1 transcripts in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia during Imatinib treatment. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2005 Oct 1;162(1):57-62. [Article]
- Gardner ER, Burger H, van Schaik RH, van Oosterom AT, de Bruijn EA, Guetens G, Prenen H, de Jong FA, Baker SD, Bates SE, Figg WD, Verweij J, Sparreboom A, Nooter K: Association of enzyme and transporter genotypes with the pharmacokinetics of imatinib. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Aug;80(2):192-201. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates tubular uptake of organic compounds from circulation. Mediates the influx of agmatine, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, choline, famotidine, ranitidine, histamin, creat...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A2
- Uniprot ID
- O15244
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 62579.99 Da
References
- Tanihara Y, Masuda S, Katsura T, Inui K: Protective effect of concomitant administration of imatinib on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity focusing on renal organic cation transporter OCT2. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Nov 1;78(9):1263-71. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.06.014. Epub 2009 Jun 18. [Article]
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- High-capacity urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion. Plays a role in porphyrin homeostasis as it is able to mediates the export of protoporhyrin IX (PPIX) both fro...
- Gene Name
- ABCG2
- Uniprot ID
- Q9UNQ0
- Uniprot Name
- ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 72313.47 Da
References
- Houghton PJ, Germain GS, Harwood FC, Schuetz JD, Stewart CF, Buchdunger E, Traxler P: Imatinib mesylate is a potent inhibitor of the ABCG2 (BCRP) transporter and reverses resistance to topotecan and SN-38 in vitro. Cancer Res. 2004 Apr 1;64(7):2333-7. [Article]
- An Y, Ongkeko WM: ABCG2: the key to chemoresistance in cancer stem cells? Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2009 Dec;5(12):1529-42. doi: 10.1517/17425250903228834. [Article]
- Davies A, Jordanides NE, Giannoudis A, Lucas CM, Hatziieremia S, Harris RJ, Jorgensen HG, Holyoake TL, Pirmohamed M, Clark RE, Mountford JC: Nilotinib concentration in cell lines and primary CD34(+) chronic myeloid leukemia cells is not mediated by active uptake or efflux by major drug transporters. Leukemia. 2009 Nov;23(11):1999-2006. doi: 10.1038/leu.2009.166. Epub 2009 Aug 27. [Article]
- Dohse M, Scharenberg C, Shukla S, Robey RW, Volkmann T, Deeken JF, Brendel C, Ambudkar SV, Neubauer A, Bates SE: Comparison of ATP-binding cassette transporter interactions with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Aug;38(8):1371-80. doi: 10.1124/dmd.109.031302. Epub 2010 Apr 27. [Article]
- Burger H, van Tol H, Boersma AW, Brok M, Wiemer EA, Stoter G, Nooter K: Imatinib mesylate (STI571) is a substrate for the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)/ABCG2 drug pump. Blood. 2004 Nov 1;104(9):2940-2. Epub 2004 Jul 13. [Article]
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- Oka M, Fukuda M, Soda H: [Anticancer drugs and ABC transporters]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2005 May;32(5):585-92. [Article]
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Plays an important role in the formation of pulmonary surfactant, probably by transporting lipids such as cholesterol.
- Gene Name
- ABCA3
- Uniprot ID
- Q99758
- Uniprot Name
- ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 3
- Molecular Weight
- 191360.235 Da
References
- Chapuy B, Panse M, Radunski U, Koch R, Wenzel D, Inagaki N, Haase D, Truemper L, Wulf GG: ABC transporter A3 facilitates lysosomal sequestration of imatinib and modulates susceptibility of chronic myeloid leukemia cell lines to this drug. Haematologica. 2009 Nov;94(11):1528-36. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2009.008631. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes.
- Gene Name
- ABCB11
- Uniprot ID
- O95342
- Uniprot Name
- Bile salt export pump
- Molecular Weight
- 146405.83 Da
References
- Pedersen JM, Matsson P, Bergstrom CA, Hoogstraate J, Noren A, LeCluyse EL, Artursson P: Early identification of clinically relevant drug interactions with the human bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11). Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):328-43. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft197. Epub 2013 Sep 6. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at May 24, 2022 11:53