Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (DBCOND0068126)

Identifiers

Synonyms

Pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii / Pneumonia, Pneumocystis Jerovici / Pneumocystis Pneumonia / Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Pneumocystis jiroveci / Pneumocystis Jirovecii / Pneumocysis jirovecii pneumonia / Pneumocystis jirovecii infection / Pneumocystis carinii / Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia / Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia / Pneumonia, Pneumocystis Carinii / Pneumocystis carinii infection / Pneumocystis Carinii Infections / Pneumocystis infections / Pneumocystis Infection / Pnuemonia caused by pneumocystis carinii / Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia / Pneumonia due to Pneumocystis carinii / Pneumocystosis jirovecii pneumonia (disorder) / Interstitial plasma cell pneumonia / Pneumocystis jiroveci (organism) / Pneumocystis jiroveci infection / Infection by Pneumocystis jiroveci (disorder) / Pneumocystis carinii (organism)

Associated Data

Indicated Drugs and Targets

Drug	Description	Targets
Atovaquone	An antimicrobial indicated for the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) and for the prevention and treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.	Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialtarget Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrialtarget Cytochrome btarget Cytochrome P450 2C9enzyme Cytochrome P450 3A4enzyme ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1transporter
Clindamycin	A lincosamide antibiotic used to treat serious infections caused by susceptible anaerobic, streptococcal, staphylococcal, and pneumococcal bacteria.	Cytochrome P450 3A4enzyme Cytochrome P450 3A5enzyme Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1carrier ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1transporter 50S ribosomal protein L1target
Fluorescein	A dye used in angiography or angioscopy of the iris and retina.	Immunoglobulin kappa variable 2-30target DNAtarget Solute carrier family 22 member 6transporter Bile salt export pumptransporter Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1transporter Organic anion transporter 3target
Pentamidine	An antifungal agent used to treat Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients infected with HIV.	DNAtarget Cytochrome P450 2C19enzyme tRNA (cytosine(38)-C(5))-methyltransferasetarget Cytochrome P450 2D6enzyme Cytochrome P450 1A1enzyme Cytochrome P450 3A5enzyme Cytochrome P450 4A11enzyme Tryptase alpha/beta-1target
Prednisolone	A glucocorticoid used to treat adrenocortical insufficiency, inflammatory conditions, and some cancers.	Corticosteroid-binding globulincarrier Cytochrome P450 3A4enzyme Glucocorticoid receptortarget Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2transporter ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1transporter Albumincarrier
Prednisone	A corticosteroid used to treat inflammation or immune-mediated reactions and to treat endocrine or neoplastic diseases.	Glucocorticoid receptortarget Cytochrome P450 3A4enzyme ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1transporter Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2transporter Cytochrome P450 2C19enzyme Albumincarrier Cytochrome P450 3A5enzyme Corticosteroid-binding globulincarrier Cytochrome P450 3A Subfamilyenzyme Cytochrome P450 2A6enzyme Cytochrome P450 1B1enzyme Cytochrome P450 2B6enzyme Cytochrome P450 2C8enzyme Cytochrome P450 2C9enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1enzyme
Primaquine	An antimalarial indicated to prevent relapse of vivax malaria.	Cytochrome P450 1A1enzyme Cytochrome P450 1A2enzyme Cytochrome P450 3A4enzyme Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 7target Cytochrome P450 1B1enzyme Cytochrome P450 2D6enzyme Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]target Fe(II)-protoporphyrin IXtarget ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1transporter
Sulfamethoxazole	An oral sulfonamide antibiotic, given in combination with trimethoprim, used to treat a variety of infections of the urinary tract, respiratory system, and gastrointestinal tract.	Cytochrome P450 2C9enzyme Albumincarrier Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1enzyme Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2enzyme Dihydropteroate synthasetarget Cytochrome P450 3A4enzyme Bile salt export pumptransporter
Trimethoprim	An antifolate antibiotic often used in combination with sulfamethoxazole to treat a number of infections, including those of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract.	Dihydrofolate reductasetarget Cytochrome P450 2C8enzyme Cytochrome P450 3A4enzyme ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1transporter Cytochrome P450 2C9enzyme Cytochrome P450 1A2enzyme Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1transporter Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2transporter Dihydrofolate reductasetarget
Trimetrexate	A folate antagonist used for the treatment of moderate-to-severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients as an alternative therapy in combination with leucovorin.	Dihydrofolate reductasetarget Reduced folate transportertransporter Peptide deformylase, mitochondrialtarget

Clinical Trials

Identifier	Title	Drug(s)	Purpose	Phase	Status
NCT02149433	Pneumocystis Jerovici Pneumonia in Infants and Steroids	Prednisone	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT03087890	Impact of Cotrimoxazole Use in Immunocompetent HIV Patients on Carriage of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria	Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	prevention	4	completed
NCT05835479	Rezafungin for Treatment of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in HIV Adults	No drug interventions	treatment	2	recruiting
NCT05605145	PCP in Immunocompromised Population in Southern China	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	recruiting
NCT06442345	Pneumocystis Jirovecii Genotyping	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	not_yet_recruiting
NCT04851015	Low Dose Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for the Treatment of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia	Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	3	not_yet_recruiting
NCT03978559	Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Combined With Caspofungin as First-line Therapy in PCP	Caspofungin Methylprednisolone Sulfisoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	4	unknown_status
NCT02603575	Effects and Safety of Caspofungin and Corticosteroids in Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Non-HIV Patients	Caspofungin Methylprednisolone	treatment	Not Available	unknown_status
NCT04358419	Non-invasive Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis by Use of Biomarkers in Exhaled Breath Condensate	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT06431958	Droplet Digital PCR and PCR-free BIOSensors for the Detection of Resistance-associated SNPs in Pneumocystis Jirovecii	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	active_not_recruiting
NCT02550080	Clinical Utility Of Genetic Screening For HLA-B*1301, On Susceptibility To Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome	Dapsone	treatment	4	unknown_status
NCT00869544	Pneumocystis in Pathogenesis of HIV-associated Emphysema	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT05077150	A Case-control Study on Risk Factors, Timing, and PCR Use, for Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PcP) After Allogeneic HSCT	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT00342589	New Techniques for Using a Saline Wash as a Diagnostic Tool for Pneumocystis Pneumonia	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	recruiting
NCT06499233	Efficacy and Safety of Prophylactic Treatment for Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients With Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease	Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	prevention	4	recruiting
NCT01747278	Study of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole as PCP Prophylaxis in CTD Patients	Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	2 / 3	unknown_status
NCT04261517	Efficacy and Safety of Hydroxychloroquine for Treatment of COVID-19	Hydroxychloroquine	treatment	3	completed
NCT04252274	Efficacy and Safety of Darunavir and Cobicistat for Treatment of COVID-19	Cobicistat Darunavir	treatment	3	unknown_status
NCT02648256	Pneumocystis Pneumonia Diagnosis in HIV- Patients	No drug interventions	diagnostic	Not Available	unknown_status
NCT03606252	Specialized Proresolving Mediators in Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia	No drug interventions	other	Not Available	completed
NCT03523182	Spirulina Supplementation and Infant Growth, Morbidity and Motor Development	No drug interventions	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT03731156	Granulomatous Pneumocystis Pneumonia	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT06173453	Factors Associated With Survival in Patients Having Pneumocystis Jirovecii	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	recruiting
NCT05707156	Prospective Observational Study on the Incidence of Opportunistic Fungal Infections	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT05458752	Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Non-HIV-infected Immunocompromised Patients	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT00636935	Corticosteroids Therapy and Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP)	Atovaquone Clindamycin Dapsone Pentamidine Prednisone Primaquine Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	4	withdrawn
NCT00302341	DB289 Versus TMP-SMX for the Treatment of Acute Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PCP)	Pafuramidine Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	3	terminated
NCT04328688	Clindamycin-trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole for PCP After Solid Organ Transplantation Population.	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT05701631	Radiomics Model for the Diagnosis of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Non-HIV Patients	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	active_not_recruiting
NCT02045160	A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacogenetic Study in Patients Receiving Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim Therapy	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	unknown_status
NCT03201497	Prospective Registration of Severe Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia Requiring ICU Admission	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	unknown_status
NCT00080119	Daily Isoniazid to Prevent Tuberculosis in Infants Born to Mothers With HIV	Isoniazid Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	prevention	2 / 3	terminated
NCT00002103	A Compassionate Treatment Protocol for the Use of Trimetrexate Glucuronate (Neutrexin) With Leucovorin Protection for European Adult Patients (>= 13 Years Old) With Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia	Leucovorin Trimetrexate	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00000802	A Randomized, Comparative Study of Daily Dapsone and Daily Atovaquone for Prophylaxis Against PCP in HIV-Infected Patients Who Are Intolerant of Trimethoprim and/or Sulfonamides	Atovaquone Dapsone	treatment	3	completed
NCT00002002	A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Study of l-Leucovorin in Combination With Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole in the Therapy of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Patients With the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	Leucovorin Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00000784	A Study of Psychosocial and Behavioral Determinants of Differential Rates of Participant Compliance in CPCRA Protocols	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT00002054	A Double-Blind Study To Evaluate the Long-Term Safety and Effectiveness of 60 mg Versus 120 mg of Aerosol Pentamidine in the Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients	Pentamidine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00002053	A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Group Comparative Study To Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Aerosol Pentamidine in the Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Patients With AIDS Post First Episode PCP	Pentamidine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00002283	A Comparison of Dapsone and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in Patients With AIDS	Dapsone Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00000811	A Study to Compare Different Drugs Used to Prevent Serious Bacterial Infections in HIV-Positive Children	Atovaquone Azithromycin Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	2	completed
NCT00000707	Aerosols in the Treatment of Asymptomatic Pneumocystis Pneumonia: A Pilot Study Assessing the Effectiveness of Aerosolized Pentamidine as Treatment of Subclinical Pneumocystis Infection in Patients With No Clinical Symptoms	Pentamidine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00001013	Comparison of Trimetrexate Plus Leucovorin Calcium Rescue Versus Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in Patients With AIDS	Leucovorin Pentamidine Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim Trimetrexate	treatment	3	completed
NCT00002317	A Study of Trimetrexate Plus Leucovorin in Children With Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia	Leucovorin Trimetrexate	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00000724	A Study of Trimetrexate With Leucovorin Rescue for AIDS Patients Who Are Refractory to Standard Therapies for Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia	Leucovorin Trimetrexate	treatment	3	completed
NCT00000739	Comparison of Two Dosage Regimens of Oral Dapsone for Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Pediatric HIV Infection	Dapsone	treatment	1	completed
NCT00000722	Aerosols in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Pneumonia: A Pilot Study Quantitating the Deposition of Aerosolized Pentamidine as Delivered in ACTG 040 and Comparing Its Toxicity With Parenteral Pentamidine Therapy	Pentamidine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00000730	Comparison of Three Treatments for Pneumocystis Pneumonia in AIDS Patients	Leucovorin Methylprednisolone Pentamidine Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim Trimetrexate	treatment	3	terminated
NCT00001027	A Study of Pentamidine in the Prevention of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in HIV-Infected Children Who Cannot Take Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole	Pentamidine	treatment	1	completed
NCT00000727	A Controlled Comparative Trial of Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim Versus Aerosolized Pentamidine for Secondary Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients Receiving Azidothymidine (AZT)	Pentamidine Pyrimethamine Sulfadoxine Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim Zidovudine	treatment	3	completed
NCT00002291	The Safety and Effectiveness of Pentamidine in the Prevention of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in Patients With AIDS Who Have Had PCP Before	Pentamidine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00001991	A Treatment IND for 566C80 Therapy of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia	Atovaquone	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00000640	A Phase III Comparative Study of Dapsone / Trimethoprim and Clindamycin / Primaquine Versus Sulfamethoxazole / Trimethoprim in the Treatment of Mild-to-Moderate PCP in Patients With AIDS	Clindamycin Dapsone Primaquine Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	3	completed
NCT00000714	An Open, Prospective, Multicenter Study of Trimetrexate With Leucovorin Rescue for AIDS Patients With Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) and Serious Intolerance to Approved Therapies	Leucovorin Trimetrexate	treatment	3	completed
NCT00002055	A Double-Blind Group Comparative Study To Evaluate the Long-Term Safety and Effectiveness of Two Different Doses of Aerosol Pentamidine in the Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients With Multiple Episodes of PCP	Pentamidine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00000655	A Randomized, Double-Blind Study of 566C80 Versus Septra (Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim) for the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients	Atovaquone Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	2	completed
NCT00002043	Dapsone 100 Mg Versus 50 as Primary Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in Patients With AIDS-Related Complex (ARC)	Dapsone	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00001003	A Study of Pentamidine in the Prevention of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia	Pentamidine Zidovudine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00001990	An Open-Label, Uncontrolled Clinical Trial of Oral 566C80 for the Treatment of Patients With Severe PCP Who Are Intolerant and/or Unresponsive to Therapy With Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole and Parenteral Pentamidine	Atovaquone	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00002102	A Compassionate Treatment Protocol for the Use of Trimetrexate Glucuronate With Leucovorin Protection for Patients With Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia.	Leucovorin Trimetrexate	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00000998	A Study of Trimetrexate in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in Patients With AIDS Not Previously Treated for PCP	Leucovorin Trimetrexate	treatment	1	completed
NCT00001028	A Study of Pentamidine Plus Dapsone in the Prevention of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in HIV-Infected Patients Who Cannot Take Trimethoprim or Sulfonamides	Dapsone Pentamidine	treatment	3	completed
NCT00002056	A Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy of Aerosolized Pentamidine and Parenteral / Oral Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS	Pentamidine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00000715	A Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy of Aerosolized Pentamidine and Parenteral/Oral Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS	Pentamidine Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	3	completed
NCT00000741	The Safety and Effectiveness of Methylprednisolone in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in Children With AIDS	Methylprednisolone	treatment	3	withdrawn
NCT00000717	The Safety and Efficacy of Clindamycin and Primaquine in the Treatment of Mild - Moderate Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Patients With AIDS	Clindamycin Primaquine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00002434	A Study of Neutrexin Plus Leucovorin in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP)	Leucovorin Trimetrexate	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00001016	A Treatment Protocol for the Use of Trimetrexate With Leucovorin Rescue for AIDS Patients With Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia and Serious Intolerance to Approved Therapies	Leucovorin Trimetrexate	treatment	3	completed
NCT00000816	Gradual Initiation of Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim as Primary Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia Prophylaxis	Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	4	completed
NCT00001996	A Phase II Open Randomized Comparison of 566C80 and Pentamidine Isethionate for the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients Who Are Intolerant of Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole	Atovaquone Pentamidine	treatment	2	completed
NCT00000863	A Study of WR 6026 in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in HIV-Infected Patients	Sitamaquine	treatment	2	completed
NCT00002030	An Open Label Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Safety and Effectiveness of Aerosol Pentamidine in the Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients	Pentamidine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00000748	A Randomized, Comparative, Prospective Study of Daily Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole (TMS) and Thrice-Weekly TMS for Prophylaxis Against PCP in HIV-Infected Patients	Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim	treatment	3	completed
NCT00000974	A Study of Two Forms of Pentamidine in HIV-Infected Children Who May Have Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia	Pentamidine	treatment	1	completed
NCT00002120	Randomized Phase I Study of Trimetrexate Glucuronate (TMTX) With Leucovorin (LCV) Protection Plus Dapsone Versus Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) for Treatment of Moderately Severe Episodes of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia	Dapsone Leucovorin Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim Trimetrexate	treatment	1	completed
NCT00000773	Phase I Safety and Pharmacokinetics Study of Microparticulate Atovaquone (m-Atovaquone; 566C80) in HIV-Infected and Perinatally Exposed Infants and Children	Atovaquone	prevention	1	completed
NCT00000991	A Study of Three Drugs Plus Zidovudine in the Prevention of Infections in HIV-Infected Patients	Dapsone Pentamidine Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim Zidovudine	treatment	3	completed
NCT00002292	A Study of Two Forms of Pentamidine in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in Patients With AIDS	Pentamidine	treatment	Not Available	completed
NCT00002340	A Comparison of Atovaquone and Pentamidine in the Prevention of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in HIV-Infected Patients Who Cannot Take TMP/SMX	Atovaquone Pentamidine	treatment	3	completed
NCT00000740	Escalating Multiple-Dose Safety and Tolerance of WR 6026 Hydrochloride in HIV-Infected Subjects	Sitamaquine	treatment	1	completed
NCT00005572	A Comparison of HIV-Infected Patients With and Without Opportunistic (AIDS-Related) Infection	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT00001014	Trimetrexate Plus Leucovorin Calcium Rescue Versus Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP) in Patients With AIDS	Leucovorin Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim Trimetrexate	treatment	3	completed
NCT00000908	A Study to Evaluate the Impact of Stopping Treatment for the Prevention of Pneumonia in HIV-Positive Patients Receiving Anti-HIV Drugs Who Have Increased CD4 Cell Counts	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT00005274	Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Complications of Vertically Transmitted HIV Infection (P2C2)	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed
NCT00005273	Pulmonary Complications of HIV Infection Study (PACS)	No drug interventions	Not Available	Not Available	completed